{"id":791,"date":"2023-12-19T16:19:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T08:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=791"},"modified":"2024-09-05T16:35:57","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T08:35:57","slug":"en-62305-protection-against-lightning","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/blog\/en-62305-protection-against-lightning\/","title":{"rendered":"EN 62305 Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131ma kar\u015f\u0131 koruma"},"content":{"rendered":"The EN 62305 standard series specifically cover the protection against lightning to structures, their contents, persons and livestock.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 accepts that we now live in the electronic age, making LEMP (Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse) protection for electronic and electrical systems an integral part of the standard through EN 62305-4. LEMP is the term given to the overall electromagnetic effects of lightning, including conducted surges (transient overvoltage and currents) and radiated electromagnetic field effects.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 \u2013 4 categorizes the source of damage, type of damage and the type of loss.\r\n\r\n<strong>Hasar kaynaklar\u0131<\/strong>\r\n\r\nY\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n neden olabilece\u011fi hasarlar alt b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Bir yap\u0131ya verilen hasar (yap\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u00fcm gelen elektrik havai ve g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc hatlar dahil)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Bir hizmetin hasar g\u00f6rmesi (bu \u00f6rnekte hizmet telekom\u00fcnikasyon, veri, elektrik tedari\u011fi, su, gaz ve yak\u0131t da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-17873 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/11-400x271.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"271\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Hasar t\u00fcrleri<\/strong>\r\n\r\nHer hasar kayna\u011f\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 hasar t\u00fcr\u00fcnden bir veya daha fazlas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanabilir. Olas\u0131 hasar t\u00fcrleri \u015fu \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlan\u0131r:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>D1 Ad\u0131m ve dokunma gerilimleri nedeniyle ki\u015filerin veya hayvanlar\u0131n yaralanmas\u0131<\/li>\r\n \t<li>D2 K\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m dahil y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ak\u0131m\u0131 etkilerinden kaynaklanan fiziksel hasar (yang\u0131n, patlama, mekanik tahribat, kimyasal sal\u0131n\u0131m)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>D3 Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Elektromanyetik Darbesi (LEMP) nedeniyle i\u00e7 sistemlerin ar\u0131zalanmas\u0131.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Kay\u0131p t\u00fcrleri<\/strong>\r\n\r\nY\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mdan kaynaklanan hasarlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki t\u00fcrde kay\u0131plara neden olabilir:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>L1 \u0130nsan hayat\u0131n\u0131n kayb\u0131<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L2 Kamuya sunulan hizmetin kayb\u0131<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L3 K\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n kayb\u0131<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L4 Ekonomik de\u011fer kayb\u0131<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe relationships of all of the above parameters:\r\n\r\nThe relationships of all of the above parameters:\r\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"firstRow\">\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Grev noktas\u0131<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Hasar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Hasar t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Kay\u0131p t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Yap\u0131<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S1<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D1&nbsp;\r\n\r\nD2\r\n\r\nD3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1, L4**&nbsp;\r\n\r\nL1, L2, L3, L4\r\n\r\nL1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Bir Yap\u0131n\u0131n Yak\u0131n\u0131nda<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S2<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Yap\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 hizmet<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D1&nbsp;\r\n\r\nD2\r\n\r\nD3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1,L4**&nbsp;\r\n\r\nL1, L2, L3, L4\r\n\r\nL1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Bir servisin yak\u0131n\u0131nda<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S4<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n* Only for structures with risk of explosion and for hospitals or other structures where failures of internal systems immediately endangers human life.\r\n\r\n** Only for properties where animals may be lost.\r\n\r\nLEMP damage is so prevalent that it is identified as one of the specific types (D3) against which protection should be provided and can occur from ALL strike points to the structure or connected services \u2013 direct or indirect. This extended approach also takes into account the danger of fire or explosion associated with services connected to the structure, e.g. power, telecoms and other metallic lines.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 makes it clear that structural lightning protection must no longer be considered in isolation from transient overvoltage\/surge protection and given that lightning from all strikes points, direct or indirect, to the structure or connected services creates a risk from transients, SPDs are a vital means of protection whether structural lightning protection is present or not.\r\n\r\n<strong>Ak\u0131m ve gerilim dalga formlar\u0131<\/strong>\r\n\r\nEN 62305 takes account of protection measures on metallic service lines (typically power, signal and telecom lines) using transient overvoltage or Surge Protection Devices (SPDs) against both direct lightning strikes as well as the more common indirect lightning strikes and switching transients. Standards such as the EN 61643 series define the characteristics of lightning currents and voltages to enable reliable and repeatable testing of SPDs (as well as lightning protection components). Although these waveforms may differ from actual transients, the standardized forms are based upon years of observation and measurement (and in some cases simulation). In general they provide a fair approximation of the real world transient.\r\n\r\nTransient waveforms have a fast rising edge and a longer tail. They are described through their peak value (or magnitude), rise time and their duration (or fall time). The duration is measured as the time taken for the test transient to decay to half its peak value.\r\n\r\nThe figures below illustrate the common current and voltage waveforms that are used to test SPDs for mains, signal and telecom lines.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-17874 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-400x239.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-400x239.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-768x459.png 768w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-600x358.png 600w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-150x90.png 150w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12.png 1147w\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"239\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Do\u011frudan sald\u0131r\u0131lar<\/strong>\r\n\r\nDo\u011frudan y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, yap\u0131sal Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mdan Korunma Sistemine sahip bir yap\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frudan darbe ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Kaynak S1) veya y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n do\u011frudan havai bir servis hatt\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Kaynak S3) bir sisteme 10\/350\u03bcs dalga formunun k\u0131smi y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 enjekte edebilir.\r\n\r\n<strong>Dolayl\u0131 grevler<\/strong>\r\n\r\nRemote or indirect lightning flashes near the structure (Source S2) or near a connected service to the structure (Source S4) of up to 1km radius away (and hence far more common) are represented by the 8\/20\u03bcs waveform. Induced surges from direct lightning flashes and switching sources are also represented by this waveform. With a much shorter decay or fall time relative to the 10\/350\u03bcs waveform, the 8\/20\u03bcs waveform presents significantly less energy (for an equivalent peak current) but is still devastating enough to damage electrical and electronic equipment.\r\n\r\nEN 62305-1 recognizes that failure of internal systems (Damage Type D3) due to Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse (LEMP) is possible from all points of strike to the structure or service \u2013 direct or indirect (all Sources: S1, S2, S3 and S4).\r\n\r\n<strong>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Gerilim Koruma \u00d6nlemleri (SPM)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nEN 62305-4 describes a number of measures to minimize the severity of transient overvoltage caused by lightning and electrical switching.\r\n\r\nKey and basic protection measures are:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Topraklama ve ba\u011flama<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Elektromanyetik koruma ve hat y\u00f6nlendirme<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Koordineli A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Gerilim Koruma Cihazlar\u0131<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nDi\u011fer ek koruma \u00f6nlemleri \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Yap\u0131sal LPS'nin uzant\u0131lar\u0131<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ekipman konumu<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Fiber optik kablo kullan\u0131m\u0131 (izolasyonla koruma)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nSPMs also have to operate within and withstand the environment in which they are located considering factors such as temperature, humidity, vibration, voltage and current.\r\n\r\nSelection of the most suitable SPM is made using the risk assessment in accordance with EN 62305-2 taking into account both technical and economic factors. For example, it may not be practical or cost effective to implement electromagnetic shielding measures in an existing structure so the use of coordinated SPDs may be more suitable. Ideally SPDs are best incorporated at the project design stage, although they can also be readily installed in existing installations.\r\n\r\nTo ensure continuous operation of critical systems even in the event of a direct strike, SPDs are essential and these must be suitably deployed, based on the source of surge and its intensity using the Lightning Protection Zones (LPZ) concept within EN 62305-4.\r\n\r\n<strong>Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mdan Korunma B\u00f6lgesi (LPZ) konsepti<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLEMP'ye kar\u015f\u0131 koruma, s\u00f6z konusu yap\u0131y\u0131 LEMP'nin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tehdit d\u00fczeyine g\u00f6re bir dizi b\u00f6lgeye ay\u0131ran Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mdan Korunma B\u00f6lgesi (LPZ) kavram\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r. Genel fikir, yap\u0131 i\u00e7inde y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m etkilerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131na veya tamam\u0131na daha az maruz kal\u0131nacak b\u00f6lgeleri belirlemek veya olu\u015fturmak ve bunlar\u0131, b\u00f6lge i\u00e7inde kurulu elektrikli veya elektronik ekipman\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k \u00f6zellikleriyle koordine etmektir. Ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k b\u00f6lgelerba\u011flanma, koruma veya SPD kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucu olarak LEMP \u015fiddetinde \u00f6nemli azalmalar ile karakterize edilir.\r\n\r\n<strong>D\u0131\u015f b\u00f6lgeler:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 0A, do\u011frudan y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7arpmas\u0131na maruz kalan aland\u0131r ve bu nedenle y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sonuna kadar ta\u015f\u0131mak zorunda kalabilmektedir. Bu genellikle yap\u0131sal y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m korumas\u0131 olmayan bir yap\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131 alan\u0131d\u0131r. Tam elektromanyetik alan burada meydana gelir.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 0B, do\u011frudan y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7arpmas\u0131na maruz kalmayan aland\u0131r ve tipik olarak bir yap\u0131n\u0131n yan duvarlar\u0131 veya yap\u0131sal y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mdan korunma \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip bir \u00e7at\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak tam elektromanyetik alan yine de burada meydana gelir ve burada iletilen k\u0131smi veya ind\u00fcklenen y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ak\u0131mlar\u0131 ve anahtarlama dalgalanmalar\u0131 meydana gelebilir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0130\u00e7 b\u00f6lgeler:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 1 k\u0131smi y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ak\u0131mlar\u0131na maruz kalan i\u00e7 aland\u0131r. \u0130letilen y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ak\u0131mlar\u0131 ve\/veya anahtarlama darbeleri, uygun koruma \u00f6nlemlerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 durumunda elektromanyetik alan gibi harici b\u00f6lgeler LPZ 0A, LPZ 0B ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda azalt\u0131l\u0131r. Bu genellikle hizmetlerin yap\u0131ya girdi\u011fi veya ana g\u00fc\u00e7 panosunun bulundu\u011fu aland\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 2, y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m darbe ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ve\/veya anahtarlama dalgalanmalar\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n LPZ 1'e g\u00f6re azalt\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, yap\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde ayr\u0131ca konumland\u0131r\u0131lan bir i\u00e7 aland\u0131r. Benzer \u015fekilde, uygun koruma \u00f6nlemlerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 durumunda elektromanyetik alan daha da azalt\u0131l\u0131r. Bu genellikle ekranlanm\u0131\u015f bir odad\u0131r veya alt da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m panosu alan\u0131ndaki ana g\u00fc\u00e7 i\u00e7indir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"featured_media":792,"parent":0,"menu_order":180,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[8],"class_list":["post-791","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-company-news"],"acf":{"des":"The EN 62305 standard series specifically cover the protection against lightning to structures, their contents, persons and livestock.","txt":"The EN 62305 standard series specifically cover the protection against lightning to structures, their contents, persons and livestock.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 accepts that we now live in the electronic age, making LEMP (Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse) protection for electronic and electrical systems an integral part of the standard through EN 62305-4. LEMP is the term given to the overall electromagnetic effects of lightning, including conducted surges (transient overvoltage and currents) and radiated electromagnetic field effects.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 \u2013 4 categorizes the source of damage, type of damage and the type of loss.\r\n\r\n<strong>Sources of damage<\/strong>\r\n\r\nDamage that can be caused by lightning is sub-divided into:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Damage to a structure (including all incoming electrical overhead and buried lines connected to the structure)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Damage to a service (service in this instance being part of telecommunication, data, electrical supply, water, gas and fuel distribution networks).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-17873 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/11-400x271.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"271\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Types of damage<\/strong>\r\n\r\nEach source of damage may result in one or more of three types of damage. The possible types of damage are identified as follows:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>D1 Injury of persons or livestock due to step and touch voltages<\/li>\r\n \t<li>D2 Physical damage (fire, explosion, mechanical destruction, chemical release) due to lightning current effects including sparking<\/li>\r\n \t<li>D3 Failure of internal systems due to Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse (LEMP).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Types of loss<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe following types of loss may result from damage due to lightning:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>L1 Loss of human life<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L2 Loss of service to the public<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L3 Loss of cultural heritage<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L4 Loss of economic value<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe relationships of all of the above parameters:\r\n\r\nThe relationships of all of the above parameters:\r\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"firstRow\">\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Point of strike<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Source of\u00a0damage<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Type of\u00a0damage<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Type of\u00a0loss<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Structure<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S1<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D1&nbsp;\r\n\r\nD2\r\n\r\nD3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1, L4**&nbsp;\r\n\r\nL1, L2, L3, L4\r\n\r\nL1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Near a\u00a0Structure<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S2<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Service connected\u00a0to the structure<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D1&nbsp;\r\n\r\nD2\r\n\r\nD3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1,L4**&nbsp;\r\n\r\nL1, L2, L3, L4\r\n\r\nL1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Near a service<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S4<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n* Only for structures with risk of explosion and for hospitals or other structures where failures of internal systems immediately endangers human life.\r\n\r\n** Only for properties where animals may be lost.\r\n\r\nLEMP damage is so prevalent that it is identified as one of the specific types (D3) against which protection should be provided and can occur from ALL strike points to the structure or connected services \u2013 direct or indirect. This extended approach also takes into account the danger of fire or explosion associated with services connected to the structure, e.g. power, telecoms and other metallic lines.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 makes it clear that structural lightning protection must no longer be considered in isolation from transient overvoltage\/surge protection and given that lightning from all strikes points, direct or indirect, to the structure or connected services creates a risk from transients, SPDs are a vital means of protection whether structural lightning protection is present or not.\r\n\r\n<strong>Current and voltage waveforms<\/strong>\r\n\r\nEN 62305 takes account of protection measures on metallic service lines (typically power, signal and telecom lines) using transient overvoltage or Surge Protection Devices (SPDs) against both direct lightning strikes as well as the more common indirect lightning strikes and switching transients. Standards such as the EN 61643 series define the characteristics of lightning currents and voltages to enable reliable and repeatable testing of SPDs (as well as lightning protection components). Although these waveforms may differ from actual transients, the standardized forms are based upon years of observation and measurement (and in some cases simulation). In general they provide a fair approximation of the real world transient.\r\n\r\nTransient waveforms have a fast rising edge and a longer tail. They are described through their peak value (or magnitude), rise time and their duration (or fall time). The duration is measured as the time taken for the test transient to decay to half its peak value.\r\n\r\nThe figures below illustrate the common current and voltage waveforms that are used to test SPDs for mains, signal and telecom lines.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-17874 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-400x239.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-400x239.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-768x459.png 768w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-600x358.png 600w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-150x90.png 150w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12.png 1147w\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"239\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Direct strikes<\/strong>\r\n\r\nDirect lightning can inject partial lightning currents of the 10\/350\u03bcs waveform into a system where a structure with a structural Lightning Protection System receives a direct strike (Source S1) or where lightning directly strikes an overhead service line (Source S3).\r\n\r\n<strong>Indirect strikes<\/strong>\r\n\r\nRemote or indirect lightning flashes near the structure (Source S2) or near a connected service to the structure (Source S4) of up to 1km radius away (and hence far more common) are represented by the 8\/20\u03bcs waveform. Induced surges from direct lightning flashes and switching sources are also represented by this waveform. With a much shorter decay or fall time relative to the 10\/350\u03bcs waveform, the 8\/20\u03bcs waveform presents significantly less energy (for an equivalent peak current) but is still devastating enough to damage electrical and electronic equipment.\r\n\r\nEN 62305-1 recognizes that failure of internal systems (Damage Type D3) due to Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse (LEMP) is possible from all points of strike to the structure or service \u2013 direct or indirect (all Sources: S1, S2, S3 and S4).\r\n\r\n<strong>Surge Protection Measures (SPM)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nEN 62305-4 describes a number of measures to minimize the severity of transient overvoltage caused by lightning and electrical switching.\r\n\r\nKey and basic protection measures are:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Earthing and bonding<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Electromagnetic shielding and line routing<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Coordinated Surge Protective Devices<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nFurther additional protection measures include:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Extensions to the structural LPS<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Equipment location<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use of fiber optic cables (protection by isolation)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nSPMs also have to operate within and withstand the environment in which they are located considering factors such as temperature, humidity, vibration, voltage and current.\r\n\r\nSelection of the most suitable SPM is made using the risk assessment in accordance with EN 62305-2 taking into account both technical and economic factors. For example, it may not be practical or cost effective to implement electromagnetic shielding measures in an existing structure so the use of coordinated SPDs may be more suitable. Ideally SPDs are best incorporated at the project design stage, although they can also be readily installed in existing installations.\r\n\r\nTo ensure continuous operation of critical systems even in the event of a direct strike, SPDs are essential and these must be suitably deployed, based on the source of surge and its intensity using the Lightning Protection Zones (LPZ) concept within EN 62305-4.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Lightning Protection Zone (LPZ) concept<\/strong>\r\n\r\nProtection against LEMP is based on a concept of the Lightning Protection Zone (LPZ) that divides the structure in question into a number of zones according to the level of threat posed by the LEMP. The general idea is to identify or create zones within the structure where there is less exposure to some or all of the effects of lightning and to coordinate these with the immunity characteristics of the electrical or electronic equipment installed within the zone. Successive zones are characterized by significant reductions in LEMP severity as a result of bonding, shielding or the use of SPDs.\r\n\r\n<strong>External zones:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 0A is the area subject to direct lightning strokes and therefore may have to carry up to the full lightning current. This is typically the roof area of a structure without structural lightning protection. The full electromagnetic field occurs here.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 0B is the area not subject to direct lightning strokes and is typically the sidewalls of a structure or a roof with structural lightning protection. However the full electromagnetic field still occurs here and conducted partial or induced lightning currents and switching surges can occur here.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Internal zones:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 1 is the internal area that is subject to partial lightning currents. The conducted lightning currents and\/or switching surges are reduced compared with the external zones LPZ 0A, LPZ 0B as is the electromagnetic field if suitable shielding measures are employed. This is typically the area where services enter the structure or where the main power switchboard is located.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 2 is an internal area that is further located inside the structure where the remnants of lightning impulse currents and\/or switching surges are reduced compared with LPZ 1. Similarly the electromagnetic field is further reduced if suitable shielding measures are employed. This is typically a screened room or, for mains power at the sub-distribution board area.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}