{"id":892,"date":"2024-09-03T16:15:09","date_gmt":"2024-09-03T08:15:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=application&#038;p=892"},"modified":"2024-09-30T11:53:57","modified_gmt":"2024-09-30T03:53:57","slug":"lightning-and-surge-protection-for-cell-sites-5g-macro-base-stations","status":"publish","type":"application","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/solution\/lightning-and-surge-protection-for-cell-sites-5g-macro-base-stations\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00fccre Siteleri ve 5G Makro Baz \u0130stasyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7in Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ve A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Gerilim Korumas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mobil ileti\u015fimde, ekipman ve sistem teknolojisinin y\u00fcksek kullan\u0131labilirli\u011fi ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi hem \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde hem de kamu sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. A\u011f altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131rken ve yeni sahalar planlarken planlamac\u0131lar, kurulumcular ve operat\u00f6rler, sigorta a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da gerekli olan y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilimden korunma \u00f6nlemlerini almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>5G teknolojisine olan talebin artmas\u0131, daha y\u00fcksek iletim kapasitelerine ve daha iyi a\u011f kullan\u0131labilirli\u011fine ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na geliyor. Bu ama\u00e7la s\u00fcrekli olarak yeni h\u00fccre sahas\u0131 lokasyonlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirilmekte, mevcut altyap\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilmekte ve geni\u015fletilmektedir. Bu h\u00fccre sahalar\u0131n\u0131n elbette g\u00fcvenilir olmas\u0131 gerekir, ancak mobil radyo direklerinin a\u00e7\u0131ktaki konumu, onlar\u0131 do\u011frudan y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7arpmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131z hale getirir ve bu da sistemlere ciddi zarar verebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Neden y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilim korumas\u0131yla u\u011fra\u015fas\u0131n\u0131z ki?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mobil radyo direklerinin a\u00e7\u0131ktaki konumu, onlar\u0131 sistemleri fel\u00e7 edebilecek do\u011frudan y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7arpmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131z hale getiriyor. Hasar genellikle dalgalanmalardan da kaynaklan\u0131r; Yak\u0131nlarda y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7arpmas\u0131 durumunda.<\/p>\n<p>Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli husus ise f\u0131rt\u0131na s\u0131ras\u0131nda sistem \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan personelin korunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mdan korunma sistemi, hem harici hem de dahili y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mdan korunma b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini koordine ederek optimum koruma sa\u011flar:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Harici y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mdan korunma sistemi, bir yakalama ucu sistemi, ini\u015f iletkeni ve toprak sonland\u0131rma sisteminden olu\u015fur.<\/li>\n<li>Dahili y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mdan korunma sistemi, y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m e\u015fpotansiyel ba\u011flama ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilim koruma cihazlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Gerilim Koruma Cihaz\u0131n\u0131n \u0130\u00e7indeki Koruma Bile\u015fenleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilim koruma cihaz\u0131 AC g\u00fc\u00e7 hatt\u0131yla aray\u00fcz olu\u015fturur ve AC g\u00fc\u00e7 hatt\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131nda olan ge\u00e7ici ak\u0131mlara tabidir.<\/p>\n<p>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilim koruma devresinin giri\u015finde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilim koruma sigortas\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 tavsiye edilir. Bu tip sigorta, UL 1449 ve IEC 61000-4-5'te tan\u0131mlanan ge\u00e7ici dalgalanmalara g\u00f6re 200 kA'ya kadar y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m dalgalanmalar\u0131na dayanabilir. Bu sigorta ayn\u0131 zamanda k\u0131sa devre ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ak\u0131m s\u0131n\u0131rlama korumas\u0131 da sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilim bast\u0131rma sigortas\u0131n\u0131 takiben, y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7arpmas\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7 hatt\u0131nda meydana gelen y\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fikliklerinden kaynaklanan di\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck ge\u00e7ici olaylar\u0131 absorbe etmek i\u00e7in bir metal oksit varist\u00f6r (MOV) ve bir gaz de\u015farj t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fcn (GDT) bir seri kombinasyonunu kullanmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn.<\/p>\n<p>Devredeki ge\u00e7ici yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 en aza indirmek i\u00e7in MOV-GDT kombinasyonunu giri\u015fe m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca yak\u0131n yerle\u015ftirin.<\/p>\n<p>MOV'u Hat ve N\u00f6tr aras\u0131na ba\u011flay\u0131n ve gaz bo\u015faltma cihaz\u0131n\u0131 n\u00f6trden topra\u011fa ba\u011flay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<p>Ek olarak, TVS diyotunun maksimum dalgalanma ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesi AC g\u00fc\u00e7 hatt\u0131 beslemesi i\u00e7in yeterliyse, y\u00fcksek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ge\u00e7ici voltaj bast\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 (TVS) diyot, MOV'a bir alternatiftir. TVS diyotlar\u0131 daha h\u0131zl\u0131 tepki s\u00fcrelerine sahiptir ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck voltajlarda ge\u00e7ici ge\u00e7i\u015fleri kenetler.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kuleye Monte Amplifikat\u00f6r\u00fcn Korunmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kuleye monte amplifikat\u00f6r d\u0131\u015f ortama a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ve y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7arpmalar\u0131na ve ESD'ye kar\u015f\u0131 korunmaya ihtiya\u00e7 duyar.<\/p>\n<p>Bu devrenin, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ak\u0131m y\u00fcklemelerine kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bir seri sigortas\u0131 ve y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m veya ge\u00e7ici ESD darbelerini absorbe etmek i\u00e7in paralel bir TVS diyotu bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Y\u00fcksek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc TVS diyotlar\u0131, 10 kA'ya kadar y\u00fcksek ak\u0131m a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklerini g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde emebilir. Bu bile\u015fenler, alan k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n\u0131n kritik oldu\u011fu durumlarda y\u00fczeye monte paketler halinde mevcuttur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u00fc\u00e7 Giri\u015f Devresi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>G\u00fc\u00e7 giri\u015f devresi di\u011fer AAS devreleri i\u00e7in DC g\u00fcc\u00fc sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>Giri\u015f kat\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ak\u0131m korumas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir sigorta \u00f6nerilir. Bu DC devresi i\u00e7in h\u0131zl\u0131 tepki veren bir sigorta uygun bir se\u00e7imdir. Yer tasarrufu sa\u011flayan uygulamalar i\u00e7in y\u00fczeye monte h\u0131zl\u0131 etkili versiyonlar mevcuttur.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fc\u00e7 giri\u015f devresinin \u00f6n ucunu SPD'den ve g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 ile yedek pil devresinden ge\u00e7en ge\u00e7ici ak\u0131mlardan korumak i\u00e7in seri olarak bir MOV ve bir gaz de\u015farj t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fc\u00e7 giri\u015fi di\u011fer t\u00fcm devreleri besledi\u011fi i\u00e7in, bu devreleri g\u00fc\u00e7 giri\u015f devresinin arka ucundaki bir TVS diyotu ile ge\u00e7ici ve ESD korumas\u0131ndan korumay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Bir TVS diyotu, bir MOV'dan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma voltaj\u0131na sahiptir ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ak\u0131m devrelerinde daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, voltaj dereceli (ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli) bile\u015fenlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":828,"template":"","class_list":["post-892","application","type-application","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/application\/892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/application"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/application"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/828"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}