{"id":784,"date":"2023-12-19T15:48:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T07:48:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=784"},"modified":"2025-05-26T14:38:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T06:38:24","slug":"classification-of-spds","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/sv\/blog\/classification-of-spds\/","title":{"rendered":"Klassificering av SPD"},"content":{"rendered":"En \u00f6versp\u00e4nningsskyddsanordning (SPD) skyddar elektriska system och utrustning fr\u00e5n \u00f6versp\u00e4nningsh\u00e4ndelser genom att begr\u00e4nsa transienta sp\u00e4nningar och avleda \u00f6versp\u00e4nningsstr\u00f6mmar.\r\n<h2><strong>De viktiga tekniska egenskaperna hos SPD:<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<ul data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"566\">\r\n<p data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"566\">Maximal kontinuerlig driftsp\u00e4nning (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"607\">\r\n<p data-start=\"569\" data-end=\"607\">Blixtimpulsstr\u00f6m (Iimp)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"646\">\r\n<p data-start=\"610\" data-end=\"646\">Nominell urladdningsstr\u00f6m (I)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"684\">\r\n<p data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"684\">Sp\u00e4nningsskyddsniv\u00e5 (upp)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"735\">\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"735\">Kortslutningsmotst\u00e5ndsf\u00f6rm\u00e5ga (Isccr)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"792\">\r\n<p data-start=\"738\" data-end=\"792\">Frihjulsavbrottsf\u00f6rm\u00e5ga vid Uc (Ifi)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n<p data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"826\">Transient \u00f6versp\u00e4nning (TOV)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"828\" data-end=\"1016\">Dessa parametrar best\u00e4mmer SPD:ns prestanda under olika felf\u00f6rh\u00e5llanden och m\u00e5ste noggrant anpassas till systemets sp\u00e4nning, installationspunkt och f\u00f6rv\u00e4ntade \u00f6versp\u00e4nningsmilj\u00f6.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>SPD-kategorier eller -typer<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1055\" data-end=\"1156\">SPD:er klassificeras generellt utifr\u00e5n interna arbetsprinciper och standardtestmetoder.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1158\" data-end=\"1187\"><strong data-start=\"1162\" data-end=\"1187\">Efter komponentbeteende<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1220\">De tv\u00e5 huvudtyperna av SPD \u00e4r:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1257\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1257\">Sp\u00e4nningsbegr\u00e4nsande komponenter<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1258\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1292\">Sp\u00e4nningskopplingskomponenter<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1294\" data-end=\"1417\">De flesta moderna SPD:er inneh\u00e5ller b\u00e5da komponenttyperna f\u00f6r att kombinera f\u00f6rdelarna med var och en och minska deras respektive svagheter.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1419\" data-end=\"1461\">Sp\u00e4nningsbegr\u00e4nsande komponenter inkluderar:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1494\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1494\">Metal Oxide Varistors (MOV)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1497\" data-end=\"1539\">Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) dioder<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1584\">Sp\u00e4nningskopplingskomponenter inkluderar:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1587\" data-end=\"1615\">Gasurladdningsr\u00f6r (GDT)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1616\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1618\" data-end=\"1628\">Gnistgap<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1725\">Dessa komponenter skiljer sig i responshastighet, energihanteringskapacitet och \u00e5ldringsegenskaper.<\/p>\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-17918 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png 570w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-400x247.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-150x93.png 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"352\" \/>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1770\"><strong data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1770\">SPD-klassificering enligt standarder<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1941\">Enligt ANSI\/IEEE C62.41, IEC 61643-11 och VDE-klassificering finns det tre standard SPD-typer baserat p\u00e5 deras testade v\u00e5gform och applikationsniv\u00e5.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1943\" data-end=\"1961\"><strong data-start=\"1947\" data-end=\"1961\">Typ 1 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/sv\/product\/brpv3-1000-12-5vg-1000v-12-5ka-type-12-pv-class-i-class-ii-spd\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2104\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2104\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/PV-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"\u00d6versp\u00e4nningsskydd typ 1\" width=\"742\" height=\"742\" \/><\/a>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2035\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1965\" data-end=\"2035\">Testad med impulsurladdningsstr\u00f6m Iimp (vanligtvis 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2036\" data-end=\"2085\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2085\">\u00c4ven testad med 8\/20 \u00b5s str\u00f6mimpulser<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2086\" data-end=\"2139\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2088\" data-end=\"2139\">Designad f\u00f6r installation vid serviceing\u00e5ngen<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2140\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2210\">Skyddar mot direkt blixtstr\u00f6m och h\u00f6genergist\u00f6tar<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2212\" data-end=\"2230\"><strong data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2230\">Typ 2 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2290\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2234\" data-end=\"2290\">Testad med nominell urladdningsstr\u00f6m i (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2291\" data-end=\"2362\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2293\" data-end=\"2362\">Valfritt testad med maximal urladdningsstr\u00f6m Imax (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2363\" data-end=\"2429\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2365\" data-end=\"2429\">Notera: Imax rekommenderas inte som grund f\u00f6r SPD-val<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2525\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2432\" data-end=\"2525\">F\u00f6r SPD:er med sp\u00e4nningsomkopplingskomponenter, \u00e4ven testad med 1,2\/50 \u00b5s sp\u00e4nningsimpulser.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2526\" data-end=\"2586\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2528\" data-end=\"2586\">Installerad vid underf\u00f6rdelningstavlor eller utrustningsing\u00e5ngar<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2587\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2589\" data-end=\"2651\">Skyddar mot v\u00e4xlingsst\u00f6tar och indirekt blixtnedslag<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2671\"><strong data-start=\"2657\" data-end=\"2671\">Typ 3 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2675\" data-end=\"2722\">Testad med en kombinationsv\u00e5ggenerator:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2765\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2727\" data-end=\"2765\">\u00d6ppen kretssp\u00e4nning Uoc (1,2\/50 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2768\" data-end=\"2807\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2770\" data-end=\"2807\">Kortslutningsstr\u00f6m Icw (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2810\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2812\" data-end=\"2843\">Nominell utg\u00e5ngsimpedans: 2 \u03a9<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2844\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2846\" data-end=\"2913\">Installerad n\u00e4ra k\u00e4nslig terminalutrustning f\u00f6r fint skydd<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"2920\" data-end=\"2960\"><strong data-start=\"2923\" data-end=\"2960\">SPD-applikationer i kraftsystem<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"2962\" data-end=\"3069\">SPD:er anv\u00e4nds i ett brett utbud av AC- och DC-system, vart och ett med specifika design- och urvalskrav.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3071\" data-end=\"3110\"><strong data-start=\"3075\" data-end=\"3110\">1. Till\u00e4mpningar f\u00f6r v\u00e4xelstr\u00f6mssystem<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/sv\/classification-of-spds\/attachment\/ac-power-surge-protection-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2103\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2103\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AC-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"\u00d6versp\u00e4nningsskydd f\u00f6r v\u00e4xelstr\u00f6m\" width=\"868\" height=\"868\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p data-start=\"3112\" data-end=\"3303\">I AC-distributionssystem anv\u00e4nds SPD huvudsakligen f\u00f6r att skydda utrustning och kraftn\u00e4t fr\u00e5n transienta \u00f6versp\u00e4nningar orsakade av blixtnedslag, n\u00e4tomkoppling och felrensningsh\u00e4ndelser.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3392\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3392\"><strong data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3322\">Typ 1 SPD<\/strong>: Installerad vid huvudf\u00f6rdelningscentraler f\u00f6r att hantera h\u00f6genergisp\u00e4nningar<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3393\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3453\"><strong data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3410\">Typ 2 SPD<\/strong>: Installerad nedstr\u00f6ms f\u00f6r lokalt skydd<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3455\" data-end=\"3591\">SPD:er f\u00f6r AC m\u00e5ste matcha systemets nominella sp\u00e4nning och Uc samtidigt som de erbjuder tillr\u00e4cklig kortslutningsmotst\u00e5ndsf\u00f6rm\u00e5ga (Isccr).<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3593\" data-end=\"3629\">Typiska interna komponenter inkluderar:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3677\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3632\" data-end=\"3677\">MOVs f\u00f6r snabb respons och sp\u00e4nningskl\u00e4mning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3678\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3680\" data-end=\"3736\">GDT f\u00f6r h\u00f6genergihantering och isolering fr\u00e5n l\u00e4ckage<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3738\" data-end=\"3801\">Kombinationen av b\u00e5da s\u00e4kerst\u00e4ller snabb undertryckning och l\u00e5ng livsl\u00e4ngd.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3808\" data-end=\"3847\"><strong data-start=\"3812\" data-end=\"3847\">2. Till\u00e4mpningar f\u00f6r likstr\u00f6mssystem<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"3849\" data-end=\"3868\">DC-system som:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3894\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3871\" data-end=\"3894\">Telekombasstationer<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3895\" data-end=\"3926\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3897\" data-end=\"3926\">Industriella styrsk\u00e5p<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3927\" data-end=\"3946\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3929\" data-end=\"3946\">Batterif\u00f6rvaring<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3947\" data-end=\"3962\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3949\" data-end=\"3962\">EV-laddning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3963\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3965\" data-end=\"3979\">Solar DC-bussar<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3981\" data-end=\"4095\">\u2026kr\u00e4ver SPD:er utformade specifikt f\u00f6r kontinuerlig liksp\u00e4nning, som saknar nollgenomg\u00e5ng och kan uppr\u00e4tth\u00e5lla ljusb\u00e5gar.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4097\" data-end=\"4105\">DC SPD:er:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4143\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4108\" data-end=\"4143\">Anv\u00e4nd vanligtvis h\u00f6gsp\u00e4nnings MOVs<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4144\" data-end=\"4208\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4208\">M\u00e5ste klara h\u00f6g liksp\u00e4nning utan \u00f6verhettning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4209\" data-end=\"4270\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4211\" data-end=\"4270\">Installerad p\u00e5 DC-paneler, v\u00e4xelriktaring\u00e5ngar eller batteribanker<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4271\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4273\" data-end=\"4332\">Hj\u00e4lp till att undvika systemavbrott p\u00e5 grund av \u00f6versp\u00e4nningar eller v\u00e4xlingsljud<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4339\" data-end=\"4387\"><strong data-start=\"4343\" data-end=\"4387\">3. Applikationer f\u00f6r solceller (PV).<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"4389\" data-end=\"4540\">PV-system involverar h\u00f6ga DC-sp\u00e4nningar (upp till 1500 VDC), stora arrayytor och frekvent exponering f\u00f6r \u00e5sknedslag p\u00e5 grund av tak- eller f\u00e4ltmontering.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4542\" data-end=\"4576\">PV-specifika SPD:er m\u00e5ste uppfylla:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4597\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4597\"><a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4595\">IEC 61643-31<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4598\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.standards.iteh.ai\/samples\/22527\/5b6a4f03275341d2bd18880b7a0877e7\/SIST-EN-50539-11-2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\">EN 50539-11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4617\" data-end=\"4638\">De \u00e4r utplacerade p\u00e5:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4685\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4685\"><strong data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4652\">DC-sidan<\/strong>: Mellan PV-panelen och v\u00e4xelriktaren<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4686\" data-end=\"4740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4740\"><strong data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4706\">Invertering\u00e5ng<\/strong>: F\u00f6r internt DC-bussskydd<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4741\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4791\"><strong data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4754\">AC sida<\/strong>: Mellan v\u00e4xelriktaren och n\u00e4tgr\u00e4nssnittet<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4793\" data-end=\"4814\">Kraven inkluderar:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4837\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4817\" data-end=\"4837\">H\u00f6g MCOV (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4838\" data-end=\"4871\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4840\" data-end=\"4871\">L\u00e5g skyddsniv\u00e5 (upp)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4872\" data-end=\"4891\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4874\" data-end=\"4891\">L\u00e5ng \u00f6versp\u00e4nningstid<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4892\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4894\" data-end=\"4942\">V\u00e4der- och UV-best\u00e4ndighet (f\u00f6r DC-boxar utomhus)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4944\" data-end=\"5038\">V\u00e4lplacerade PV SPD:er minskar kostnaderna f\u00f6r utbyte av utrustning och f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttrar systemets tillf\u00f6rlitlighet och ROI.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5045\" data-end=\"5094\"><strong data-start=\"5048\" data-end=\"5094\">F\u00f6rst\u00e5 Iimp vs Imax i SPD-betyg<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5096\" data-end=\"5136\"><strong data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5136\">Impulsurladdningsstr\u00f6m (Iimp)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5174\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5140\" data-end=\"5174\">Utm\u00e4rkande f\u00f6r typ 1 SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5177\" data-end=\"5216\">Simulerar ett direkt blixtnedslag<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5217\" data-end=\"5255\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5219\" data-end=\"5255\">Testad med 10\/350 \u00b5s v\u00e5gform<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5256\" data-end=\"5325\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5258\" data-end=\"5325\">Representerar SPD:s f\u00f6rm\u00e5ga att hantera en enda extrem \u00f6kning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5326\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5328\" data-end=\"5403\">L\u00e4mplig f\u00f6r att bygga ing\u00e5ngspunkter eller blixtavledare nedstr\u00f6ms<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5405\" data-end=\"5445\"><strong data-start=\"5409\" data-end=\"5445\">Maximal urladdningsstr\u00f6m (Imax)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5483\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5449\" data-end=\"5483\">Karakteristisk f\u00f6r typ 2 SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5484\" data-end=\"5567\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5486\" data-end=\"5567\">Simulerar flera l\u00e5genergist\u00f6tar fr\u00e5n omkoppling eller indirekt blixtnedslag<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5568\" data-end=\"5604\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5570\" data-end=\"5604\">Testad med 8\/20 \u00b5s v\u00e5gform<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5605\" data-end=\"5643\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5607\" data-end=\"5643\">\u00c5terspeglar l\u00e5ngvarig \u00f6versp\u00e4nningsuth\u00e5llighet<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5644\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5646\" data-end=\"5717\">L\u00e4mplig f\u00f6r f\u00f6rdelningstavlor och skydd p\u00e5 utrustningsniv\u00e5<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"5719\" data-end=\"5737\"><strong data-start=\"5722\" data-end=\"5736\">Sammanfattningsvis<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5796\"><strong data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5748\">Iimp<\/strong> = Topputh\u00e5llighet f\u00f6r s\u00e4llsynta, h\u00f6genergih\u00e4ndelser<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5797\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5943\"><strong data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5807\">Imax<\/strong> = Repetitiv uth\u00e5llighet f\u00f6r frekventa l\u00e5genergitransienter<br data-start=\"5867\" data-end=\"5870\" \/>B\u00e5da \u00e4r viktiga f\u00f6r att bygga en SPD-skyddsstrategi p\u00e5 flera niv\u00e5er.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5950\" data-end=\"5967\"><strong data-start=\"5953\" data-end=\"5967\">Slutsats<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"5969\" data-end=\"6277\">\u00d6versp\u00e4nningsskyddsanordningar \u00e4r viktiga f\u00f6r moderna kraftsystem, vilket s\u00e4kerst\u00e4ller utrustningens s\u00e4kerhet och str\u00f6mkontinuitet. Deras klassificering i typ 1, 2 och 3, tillsammans med f\u00f6rst\u00e5elsen av tekniska parametrar som Uc, Up, Iimp och Imax, \u00e4r avg\u00f6rande f\u00f6r korrekt urval och implementering.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6279\" data-end=\"6457\">Oavsett om du skyddar AC-system, DC-automation eller solenergi, hj\u00e4lper det att v\u00e4lja r\u00e4tt SPD med l\u00e4mpliga klassificeringar minska skador, s\u00e4nka drift- och underh\u00e5llskostnader och f\u00f6rl\u00e4nga systemets livsl\u00e4ngd.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6459\" data-end=\"6579\">En v\u00e4lkonstruerad SPD-plan \u00e4r en liten investering som skyddar din storskaliga infrastruktur fr\u00e5n o\u00e5terkalleliga skador.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":785,"parent":0,"menu_order":182,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[8],"class_list":["post-784","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-company-news"],"acf":{"des":"A surge protective device (SPD) is designed to protect electrical systems and equipment from surge events by limiting transient voltages and diverting surge currents.","txt":"A surge protective device (SPD) protects electrical systems and equipment from surge events by limiting transient voltages and diverting surge currents.\r\n<h2><strong>The important technical characteristics of SPD:<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<ul data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"566\">\r\n<p data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"566\">Maximum continuous operating voltage (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"607\">\r\n<p data-start=\"569\" data-end=\"607\">Lightning impulse current (Iimp)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"646\">\r\n<p data-start=\"610\" data-end=\"646\">Nominal discharge current (I)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"684\">\r\n<p data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"684\">Voltage protection level (Up)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"735\">\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"735\">Short circuit withstand capability (Isccr)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"792\">\r\n<p data-start=\"738\" data-end=\"792\">Freewheeling interruption capability at Uc (Ifi)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n<p data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"826\">Transient overvoltage (TOV)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"828\" data-end=\"1016\">These parameters determine the SPD\u2019s performance under different fault conditions and must be matched carefully to the system\u2019s voltage, installation point, and expected surge environment.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>SPD Categories or Types<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1055\" data-end=\"1156\">SPDs are generally classified based on internal working principles and standard testing methods.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1158\" data-end=\"1187\"><strong data-start=\"1162\" data-end=\"1187\">By Component Behavior<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1220\">The two main types of SPDs are:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1257\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1257\">Voltage limiting components<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1258\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1292\">Voltage switching components<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1294\" data-end=\"1417\">Most modern SPDs incorporate both component types to combine the advantages of each and reduce their respective weaknesses.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1419\" data-end=\"1461\">Voltage limiting components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1494\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1494\">Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1497\" data-end=\"1539\">Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) diodes<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1584\">Voltage switching components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1587\" data-end=\"1615\">Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1616\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1618\" data-end=\"1628\">Spark gaps<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1725\">These components differ in response speed, energy-handling capacity, and aging characteristics.<\/p>\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-17918 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png 570w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-400x247.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-150x93.png 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"352\" \/>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1770\"><strong data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1770\">SPD Classification by Standards<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1941\">According to ANSI\/IEEE C62.41, IEC 61643-11, and VDE Classification, there are three standard SPD types based on their tested waveform and application level.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1943\" data-end=\"1961\"><strong data-start=\"1947\" data-end=\"1961\">Type 1 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product\/brpv3-1000-12-5vg-1000v-12-5ka-type-12-pv-class-i-class-ii-spd\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2104\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2104\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/PV-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Type 1 Surge Protection Device\" width=\"742\" height=\"742\" \/><\/a>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2035\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1965\" data-end=\"2035\">Tested with impulse discharge current Iimp (typically 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2036\" data-end=\"2085\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2085\">Also tested with 8\/20 \u00b5s current impulses<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2086\" data-end=\"2139\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2088\" data-end=\"2139\">Designed for installation at the service entrance<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2140\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2210\">Protects against direct lightning current and high-energy surges<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2212\" data-end=\"2230\"><strong data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2230\">Type 2 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2290\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2234\" data-end=\"2290\">Tested with nominal discharge current in (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2291\" data-end=\"2362\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2293\" data-end=\"2362\">Optionally tested with maximum discharge current Imax (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2363\" data-end=\"2429\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2365\" data-end=\"2429\">Note: Imax is not recommended as a basis for SPD selection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2525\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2432\" data-end=\"2525\">For SPDs with voltage switching components, also tested with 1.2\/50 \u00b5s voltage impulses.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2526\" data-end=\"2586\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2528\" data-end=\"2586\">Installed at sub-distribution boards or equipment inputs<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2587\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2589\" data-end=\"2651\">Protects against switching surges and indirect lightning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2671\"><strong data-start=\"2657\" data-end=\"2671\">Type 3 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2675\" data-end=\"2722\">Tested with a combination wave generator:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2765\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2727\" data-end=\"2765\">Open-circuit voltage Uoc (1.2\/50 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2768\" data-end=\"2807\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2770\" data-end=\"2807\">Short-circuit current Icw (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2810\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2812\" data-end=\"2843\">Nominal output impedance: 2 \u03a9<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2844\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2846\" data-end=\"2913\">Installed near sensitive terminal equipment for fine protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"2920\" data-end=\"2960\"><strong data-start=\"2923\" data-end=\"2960\">SPD Applications in Power Systems<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"2962\" data-end=\"3069\">SPDs are used in a wide range of AC and DC systems, each having specific design and selection requirements.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3071\" data-end=\"3110\"><strong data-start=\"3075\" data-end=\"3110\">1. AC Power System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/classification-of-spds\/attachment\/ac-power-surge-protection-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2103\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2103\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AC-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"AC Power Surge Protection Device\" width=\"868\" height=\"868\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p data-start=\"3112\" data-end=\"3303\">In AC distribution systems, SPDs are mainly used to protect equipment and power networks from transient overvoltages caused by lightning strikes, utility switching, and fault-clearing events.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3392\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3392\"><strong data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3322\">Type 1 SPDs<\/strong>: Installed at main distribution boards to handle high-energy surges<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3393\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3453\"><strong data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3410\">Type 2 SPDs<\/strong>: Installed downstream for local protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3455\" data-end=\"3591\">SPDs for AC must match the system\u2019s nominal voltage and Uc while offering sufficient short-circuit withstand capability (Isccr).<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3593\" data-end=\"3629\">Typical internal components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3677\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3632\" data-end=\"3677\">MOVs for fast response and voltage clamping<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3678\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3680\" data-end=\"3736\">GDTs for high energy handling and isolation from leakage<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3738\" data-end=\"3801\">The combination of both ensures fast suppression and longevity.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3808\" data-end=\"3847\"><strong data-start=\"3812\" data-end=\"3847\">2. DC Power System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"3849\" data-end=\"3868\">DC systems such as:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3894\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3871\" data-end=\"3894\">Telecom base stations<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3895\" data-end=\"3926\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3897\" data-end=\"3926\">Industrial control cabinets<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3927\" data-end=\"3946\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3929\" data-end=\"3946\">Battery storage<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3947\" data-end=\"3962\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3949\" data-end=\"3962\">EV charging<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3963\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3965\" data-end=\"3979\">Solar DC buses<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3981\" data-end=\"4095\">\u2026require SPDs designed specifically for continuous direct voltage, which lacks zero crossing and can sustain arcs.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4097\" data-end=\"4105\">DC SPDs:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4143\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4108\" data-end=\"4143\">Typically use high-voltage MOVs<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4144\" data-end=\"4208\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4208\">Must handle high steady-state DC voltage without overheating<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4209\" data-end=\"4270\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4211\" data-end=\"4270\">Installed at DC panels, inverter inputs, or battery banks<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4271\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4273\" data-end=\"4332\">Help avoid system downtime due to surges or switching noise<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4339\" data-end=\"4387\"><strong data-start=\"4343\" data-end=\"4387\">3. Photovoltaic (PV) System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"4389\" data-end=\"4540\">PV systems involve high DC voltages (up to 1500 VDC), large array surfaces, and frequent exposure to lightning surges due to rooftop or field mounting.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4542\" data-end=\"4576\">PV-specific SPDs must comply with:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4597\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4597\"><a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4595\">IEC 61643-31<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4598\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.standards.iteh.ai\/samples\/22527\/5b6a4f03275341d2bd18880b7a0877e7\/SIST-EN-50539-11-2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\">EN 50539-11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4617\" data-end=\"4638\">They are deployed at:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4685\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4685\"><strong data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4652\">DC side<\/strong>: Between the PV array and the inverter<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4686\" data-end=\"4740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4740\"><strong data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4706\">Inverter input<\/strong>: For internal DC bus protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4741\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4791\"><strong data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4754\">AC side<\/strong>: Between the inverter and the grid interface<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4793\" data-end=\"4814\">Requirements include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4837\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4817\" data-end=\"4837\">High MCOV (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4838\" data-end=\"4871\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4840\" data-end=\"4871\">Low protection level (Up)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4872\" data-end=\"4891\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4874\" data-end=\"4891\">Long surge life<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4892\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4894\" data-end=\"4942\">Weather and UV resistance (for outdoor DC boxes)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4944\" data-end=\"5038\">Well-placed PV SPDs reduce equipment replacement costs and improve system reliability and ROI.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5045\" data-end=\"5094\"><strong data-start=\"5048\" data-end=\"5094\">Understanding Iimp vs. Imax in SPD Ratings<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5096\" data-end=\"5136\"><strong data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5136\">Impulse Discharge Current (Iimp)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5174\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5140\" data-end=\"5174\">Characteristic of Type 1 SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5177\" data-end=\"5216\">Simulates a direct lightning strike<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5217\" data-end=\"5255\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5219\" data-end=\"5255\">Tested with 10\/350 \u00b5s waveform<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5256\" data-end=\"5325\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5258\" data-end=\"5325\">Represents the SPD\u2019s capacity to handle a single extreme surge<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5326\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5328\" data-end=\"5403\">Suitable for building entry points or lightning arrestors downstream<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5405\" data-end=\"5445\"><strong data-start=\"5409\" data-end=\"5445\">Maximum Discharge Current (Imax)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5483\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5449\" data-end=\"5483\">Characteristic of Type 2 SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5484\" data-end=\"5567\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5486\" data-end=\"5567\">Simulates multiple lower-energy surges from switching or indirect lightning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5568\" data-end=\"5604\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5570\" data-end=\"5604\">Tested with 8\/20 \u00b5s waveform<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5605\" data-end=\"5643\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5607\" data-end=\"5643\">Reflects long-term surge endurance<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5644\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5646\" data-end=\"5717\">Suitable for distribution boards and equipment-level protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"5719\" data-end=\"5737\"><strong data-start=\"5722\" data-end=\"5736\">In summary<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5796\"><strong data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5748\">Iimp<\/strong> = Peak endurance for rare, high-energy events<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5797\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5943\"><strong data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5807\">Imax<\/strong> = Repetitive endurance for frequent lower-energy transients<br data-start=\"5867\" data-end=\"5870\" \/>Both are essential in building a multi-level SPD protection strategy.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5950\" data-end=\"5967\"><strong data-start=\"5953\" data-end=\"5967\">Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"5969\" data-end=\"6277\">Surge protective devices are essential for modern power systems, ensuring equipment safety and power continuity. Their classification into Type 1, 2, and 3, along with the understanding of technical parameters like Uc, Up, Iimp, and Imax, is vital for proper selection and implementation.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6279\" data-end=\"6457\">Whether protecting AC systems, DC automation, or solar PV, selecting the right SPD with suitable ratings helps reduce damage, lower O&amp;M costs, and extend system life.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6459\" data-end=\"6579\">A well-engineered SPD plan is a small investment that protects your large-scale infrastructure from irreversible damage.<\/p>"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/784","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/785"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=784"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}