{"id":784,"date":"2023-12-19T15:48:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T07:48:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=784"},"modified":"2025-05-26T14:38:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T06:38:24","slug":"classification-of-spds","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pt\/blog\/classification-of-spds\/","title":{"rendered":"Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o dos SPD"},"content":{"rendered":"Um dispositivo de prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra sobretens\u00e3o (SPD) protege sistemas e equipamentos el\u00e9tricos contra eventos de sobretens\u00e3o, limitando tens\u00f5es transit\u00f3rias e desviando correntes de sobretens\u00e3o.\r\n<h2><strong>As caracter\u00edsticas t\u00e9cnicas importantes do SPD:<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<ul data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"566\">\r\n<p data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"566\">Tens\u00e3o de opera\u00e7\u00e3o cont\u00ednua m\u00e1xima (UC)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"607\">\r\n<p data-start=\"569\" data-end=\"607\">Corrente de impulso rel\u00e2mpago (Iimp)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"646\">\r\n<p data-start=\"610\" data-end=\"646\">Corrente de descarga nominal (I)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"684\">\r\n<p data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"684\">N\u00edvel de prote\u00e7\u00e3o de tens\u00e3o (acima)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"735\">\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"735\">Capacidade de resist\u00eancia a curto-circuito (Isccr)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"792\">\r\n<p data-start=\"738\" data-end=\"792\">Capacidade de interrup\u00e7\u00e3o livre em Uc (Ifi)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n<p data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"826\">Sobretens\u00e3o transit\u00f3ria (TOV)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"828\" data-end=\"1016\">Esses par\u00e2metros determinam o desempenho do SPD sob diferentes condi\u00e7\u00f5es de falha e devem ser cuidadosamente combinados com a tens\u00e3o do sistema, o ponto de instala\u00e7\u00e3o e o ambiente de sobretens\u00e3o esperado.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Categorias ou tipos de SPD<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1055\" data-end=\"1156\">Os SPDs s\u00e3o geralmente classificados com base em princ\u00edpios de funcionamento internos e m\u00e9todos de teste padr\u00e3o.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1158\" data-end=\"1187\"><strong data-start=\"1162\" data-end=\"1187\">Por comportamento do componente<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1220\">Os dois principais tipos de SPD s\u00e3o:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1257\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1257\">Componentes limitadores de tens\u00e3o<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1258\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1292\">Componentes de comuta\u00e7\u00e3o de tens\u00e3o<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1294\" data-end=\"1417\">A maioria dos SPDs modernos incorpora ambos os tipos de componentes para combinar as vantagens de cada um e reduzir suas respectivas fraquezas.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1419\" data-end=\"1461\">Os componentes de limita\u00e7\u00e3o de tens\u00e3o incluem:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1494\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1494\">Varistores de \u00f3xido met\u00e1lico (MOVs)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1497\" data-end=\"1539\">Diodos de supress\u00e3o de tens\u00e3o transit\u00f3ria (TVS)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1584\">Os componentes de comuta\u00e7\u00e3o de tens\u00e3o incluem:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1587\" data-end=\"1615\">Tubos de descarga de g\u00e1s (GDTs)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1616\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1618\" data-end=\"1628\">Fa\u00edscas<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1725\">Esses componentes diferem em velocidade de resposta, capacidade de manipula\u00e7\u00e3o de energia e caracter\u00edsticas de envelhecimento.<\/p>\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-17918 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png 570w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-400x247.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-150x93.png 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"352\" \/>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1770\"><strong data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1770\">Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o SPD por Padr\u00f5es<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1941\">De acordo com ANSI\/IEEE C62.41, IEC 61643-11 e classifica\u00e7\u00e3o VDE, existem tr\u00eas tipos de SPD padr\u00e3o com base na forma de onda testada e no n\u00edvel de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1943\" data-end=\"1961\"><strong data-start=\"1947\" data-end=\"1961\">Tipo 1 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pt\/product\/brpv3-1000-12-5vg-1000v-12-5ka-type-12-pv-class-i-class-ii-spd\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2104\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2104\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/PV-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Dispositivo de prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra surtos tipo 1\" width=\"742\" height=\"742\" \/><\/a>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2035\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1965\" data-end=\"2035\">Testado com corrente de descarga de impulso Iimp (normalmente 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2036\" data-end=\"2085\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2085\">Tamb\u00e9m testado com impulsos de corrente de 8\/20 \u00b5s<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2086\" data-end=\"2139\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2088\" data-end=\"2139\">Projetado para instala\u00e7\u00e3o na entrada de servi\u00e7o<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2140\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2210\">Protege contra corrente direta de raios e surtos de alta energia<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2212\" data-end=\"2230\"><strong data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2230\">Tipo 2 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2290\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2234\" data-end=\"2290\">Testado com corrente de descarga nominal em (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2291\" data-end=\"2362\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2293\" data-end=\"2362\">Opcionalmente testado com corrente de descarga m\u00e1xima Imax (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2363\" data-end=\"2429\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2365\" data-end=\"2429\">Nota: Imax n\u00e3o \u00e9 recomendado como base para sele\u00e7\u00e3o de SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2525\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2432\" data-end=\"2525\">Para SPDs com componentes de comuta\u00e7\u00e3o de tens\u00e3o, tamb\u00e9m testados com impulsos de tens\u00e3o de 1,2\/50 \u00b5s.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2526\" data-end=\"2586\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2528\" data-end=\"2586\">Instalado em quadros de subdistribui\u00e7\u00e3o ou entradas de equipamentos<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2587\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2589\" data-end=\"2651\">Protege contra surtos de comuta\u00e7\u00e3o e raios indiretos<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2671\"><strong data-start=\"2657\" data-end=\"2671\">Tipo 3 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2675\" data-end=\"2722\">Testado com um gerador de ondas combinado:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2765\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2727\" data-end=\"2765\">Tens\u00e3o de circuito aberto Uoc (1,2\/50 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2768\" data-end=\"2807\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2770\" data-end=\"2807\">Corrente de curto-circuito Icw (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2810\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2812\" data-end=\"2843\">Imped\u00e2ncia de sa\u00edda nominal: 2\u03a9<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2844\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2846\" data-end=\"2913\">Instalado perto de equipamentos terminais sens\u00edveis para prote\u00e7\u00e3o fina<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"2920\" data-end=\"2960\"><strong data-start=\"2923\" data-end=\"2960\">Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es SPD em Sistemas de Pot\u00eancia<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"2962\" data-end=\"3069\">Os SPDs s\u00e3o usados \u200b\u200bem uma ampla variedade de sistemas CA e CC, cada um com requisitos espec\u00edficos de projeto e sele\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3071\" data-end=\"3110\"><strong data-start=\"3075\" data-end=\"3110\">1. Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es do sistema de energia CA<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pt\/classification-of-spds\/attachment\/ac-power-surge-protection-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2103\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2103\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AC-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Dispositivo de prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra surtos de energia CA\" width=\"868\" height=\"868\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p data-start=\"3112\" data-end=\"3303\">Em sistemas de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o CA, os SPDs s\u00e3o usados \u200b\u200bprincipalmente para proteger equipamentos e redes de energia contra sobretens\u00f5es transit\u00f3rias causadas por quedas de raios, comuta\u00e7\u00e3o de servi\u00e7os p\u00fablicos e eventos de elimina\u00e7\u00e3o de falhas.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3392\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3392\"><strong data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3322\">SPD Tipo 1<\/strong>: Instalado nos quadros de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o principais para lidar com surtos de alta energia<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3393\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3453\"><strong data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3410\">SPD tipo 2<\/strong>: Instalado downstream para prote\u00e7\u00e3o local<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3455\" data-end=\"3591\">Os SPDs para CA devem corresponder \u00e0 tens\u00e3o nominal e Uc do sistema, ao mesmo tempo que oferecem capacidade de resist\u00eancia a curto-circuito suficiente (Isccr).<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3593\" data-end=\"3629\">Componentes internos t\u00edpicos incluem:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3677\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3632\" data-end=\"3677\">MOVs para resposta r\u00e1pida e fixa\u00e7\u00e3o de tens\u00e3o<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3678\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3680\" data-end=\"3736\">GDTs para manuseio de alta energia e isolamento contra vazamentos<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3738\" data-end=\"3801\">A combina\u00e7\u00e3o de ambos garante supress\u00e3o r\u00e1pida e longevidade.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3808\" data-end=\"3847\"><strong data-start=\"3812\" data-end=\"3847\">2. Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es do sistema de energia DC<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"3849\" data-end=\"3868\">Sistemas DC como:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3894\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3871\" data-end=\"3894\">Esta\u00e7\u00f5es base de telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3895\" data-end=\"3926\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3897\" data-end=\"3926\">Arm\u00e1rios de controle industriais<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3927\" data-end=\"3946\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3929\" data-end=\"3946\">Armazenamento de bateria<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3947\" data-end=\"3962\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3949\" data-end=\"3962\">Carregamento de ve\u00edculos el\u00e9tricos<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3963\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3965\" data-end=\"3979\">Barramentos solares DC<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3981\" data-end=\"4095\">\u2026exigem SPDs projetados especificamente para tens\u00e3o cont\u00ednua cont\u00ednua, que n\u00e3o possui cruzamento de zero e pode sustentar arcos.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4097\" data-end=\"4105\">SPD CC:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4143\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4108\" data-end=\"4143\">Normalmente usam MOVs de alta tens\u00e3o<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4144\" data-end=\"4208\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4208\">Deve lidar com alta tens\u00e3o CC em estado estacion\u00e1rio sem superaquecimento<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4209\" data-end=\"4270\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4211\" data-end=\"4270\">Instalado em pain\u00e9is CC, entradas de inversores ou bancos de baterias<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4271\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4273\" data-end=\"4332\">Ajude a evitar tempo de inatividade do sistema devido a surtos ou ru\u00eddos de comuta\u00e7\u00e3o<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4339\" data-end=\"4387\"><strong data-start=\"4343\" data-end=\"4387\">3. Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de sistemas fotovoltaicos (PV)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"4389\" data-end=\"4540\">Os sistemas fotovoltaicos envolvem altas tens\u00f5es CC (at\u00e9 1.500 VCC), grandes superf\u00edcies de arranjo e exposi\u00e7\u00e3o frequente a surtos de raios devido \u00e0 montagem em telhados ou em campo.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4542\" data-end=\"4576\">Os SPD espec\u00edficos para PV devem estar em conformidade com:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4597\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4597\"><a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4595\">CEI 61643-31<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4598\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.standards.iteh.ai\/samples\/22527\/5b6a4f03275341d2bd18880b7a0877e7\/SIST-EN-50539-11-2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\">EN 50539-11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4617\" data-end=\"4638\">Eles s\u00e3o implantados em:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4685\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4685\"><strong data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4652\">Lado CC<\/strong>: Entre o conjunto fotovoltaico e o inversor<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4686\" data-end=\"4740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4740\"><strong data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4706\">Entrada do inversor<\/strong>: Para prote\u00e7\u00e3o interna do barramento CC<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4741\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4791\"><strong data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4754\">Lado CA<\/strong>: Entre o inversor e a interface da rede<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4793\" data-end=\"4814\">Os requisitos incluem:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4837\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4817\" data-end=\"4837\">Alto MCOV (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4838\" data-end=\"4871\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4840\" data-end=\"4871\">Baixo n\u00edvel de prote\u00e7\u00e3o (acima)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4872\" data-end=\"4891\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4874\" data-end=\"4891\">Longa vida \u00fatil<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4892\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4894\" data-end=\"4942\">Resist\u00eancia \u00e0s intemp\u00e9ries e aos raios UV (para caixas DC externas)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4944\" data-end=\"5038\">SPDs fotovoltaicos bem posicionados reduzem os custos de substitui\u00e7\u00e3o de equipamentos e melhoram a confiabilidade e o ROI do sistema.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5045\" data-end=\"5094\"><strong data-start=\"5048\" data-end=\"5094\">Compreendendo Iimp vs. Imax em classifica\u00e7\u00f5es SPD<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5096\" data-end=\"5136\"><strong data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5136\">Corrente de descarga de impulso (Iimp)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5174\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5140\" data-end=\"5174\">Caracter\u00edstica do SPD Tipo 1<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5177\" data-end=\"5216\">Simula um raio direto<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5217\" data-end=\"5255\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5219\" data-end=\"5255\">Testado com forma de onda 10\/350 \u00b5s<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5256\" data-end=\"5325\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5258\" data-end=\"5325\">Representa a capacidade do SPD de lidar com um \u00fanico surto extremo<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5326\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5328\" data-end=\"5403\">Adequado para construir pontos de entrada ou p\u00e1ra-raios a jusante<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5405\" data-end=\"5445\"><strong data-start=\"5409\" data-end=\"5445\">Corrente M\u00e1xima de Descarga (Imax)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5483\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5449\" data-end=\"5483\">Caracter\u00edstica do SPD Tipo 2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5484\" data-end=\"5567\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5486\" data-end=\"5567\">Simula m\u00faltiplos surtos de energia mais baixos provenientes de comuta\u00e7\u00e3o ou rel\u00e2mpagos indiretos<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5568\" data-end=\"5604\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5570\" data-end=\"5604\">Testado com forma de onda de 8\/20 \u00b5s<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5605\" data-end=\"5643\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5607\" data-end=\"5643\">Reflete a resist\u00eancia a surtos de longo prazo<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5644\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5646\" data-end=\"5717\">Adequado para quadros de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o e prote\u00e7\u00e3o de n\u00edvel de equipamento<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"5719\" data-end=\"5737\"><strong data-start=\"5722\" data-end=\"5736\">Resumindo<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5796\"><strong data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5748\">Imp<\/strong> = Resist\u00eancia m\u00e1xima para eventos raros e de alta energia<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5797\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5943\"><strong data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5807\">IMAX<\/strong> = Resist\u00eancia repetitiva para transientes frequentes de baixa energia<br data-start=\"5867\" data-end=\"5870\" \/>Ambos s\u00e3o essenciais na constru\u00e7\u00e3o de uma estrat\u00e9gia de prote\u00e7\u00e3o multin\u00edvel do SPD.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5950\" data-end=\"5967\"><strong data-start=\"5953\" data-end=\"5967\">Conclus\u00e3o<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"5969\" data-end=\"6277\">Os dispositivos de prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra surtos s\u00e3o essenciais para os sistemas de energia modernos, garantindo a seguran\u00e7a dos equipamentos e a continuidade da energia. A sua classifica\u00e7\u00e3o em Tipo 1, 2 e 3, juntamente com a compreens\u00e3o de par\u00e2metros t\u00e9cnicos como Uc, Up, Iimp e Imax, \u00e9 vital para a sele\u00e7\u00e3o e implementa\u00e7\u00e3o adequadas.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6279\" data-end=\"6457\">Seja protegendo sistemas CA, automa\u00e7\u00e3o CC ou energia solar fotovoltaica, selecionar o SPD certo com classifica\u00e7\u00f5es adequadas ajuda a reduzir danos, reduzir custos de O&amp;M e prolongar a vida \u00fatil do sistema.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6459\" data-end=\"6579\">Um plano SPD bem projetado \u00e9 um pequeno investimento que protege sua infraestrutura de grande escala contra danos irrevers\u00edveis.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":785,"parent":0,"menu_order":182,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[8],"class_list":["post-784","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-company-news"],"acf":{"des":"A surge protective device (SPD) is designed to protect electrical systems and equipment from surge events by limiting transient voltages and diverting surge currents.","txt":"A surge protective device (SPD) protects electrical systems and equipment from surge events by limiting transient voltages and diverting surge currents.\r\n<h2><strong>The important technical characteristics of SPD:<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<ul data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"566\">\r\n<p data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"566\">Maximum continuous operating voltage (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"607\">\r\n<p data-start=\"569\" data-end=\"607\">Lightning impulse current (Iimp)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"646\">\r\n<p data-start=\"610\" data-end=\"646\">Nominal discharge current (I)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"684\">\r\n<p data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"684\">Voltage protection level (Up)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"735\">\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"735\">Short circuit withstand capability (Isccr)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"792\">\r\n<p data-start=\"738\" data-end=\"792\">Freewheeling interruption capability at Uc (Ifi)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n<p data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"826\">Transient overvoltage (TOV)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"828\" data-end=\"1016\">These parameters determine the SPD\u2019s performance under different fault conditions and must be matched carefully to the system\u2019s voltage, installation point, and expected surge environment.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>SPD Categories or Types<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1055\" data-end=\"1156\">SPDs are generally classified based on internal working principles and standard testing methods.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1158\" data-end=\"1187\"><strong data-start=\"1162\" data-end=\"1187\">By Component Behavior<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1220\">The two main types of SPDs are:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1257\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1257\">Voltage limiting components<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1258\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1292\">Voltage switching components<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1294\" data-end=\"1417\">Most modern SPDs incorporate both component types to combine the advantages of each and reduce their respective weaknesses.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1419\" data-end=\"1461\">Voltage limiting components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1494\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1494\">Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1497\" data-end=\"1539\">Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) diodes<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1584\">Voltage switching components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1587\" data-end=\"1615\">Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1616\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1618\" data-end=\"1628\">Spark gaps<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1725\">These components differ in response speed, energy-handling capacity, and aging characteristics.<\/p>\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-17918 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png 570w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-400x247.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-150x93.png 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"352\" \/>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1770\"><strong data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1770\">SPD Classification by Standards<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1941\">According to ANSI\/IEEE C62.41, IEC 61643-11, and VDE Classification, there are three standard SPD types based on their tested waveform and application level.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1943\" data-end=\"1961\"><strong data-start=\"1947\" data-end=\"1961\">Type 1 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product\/brpv3-1000-12-5vg-1000v-12-5ka-type-12-pv-class-i-class-ii-spd\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2104\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2104\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/PV-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Type 1 Surge Protection Device\" width=\"742\" height=\"742\" \/><\/a>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2035\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1965\" data-end=\"2035\">Tested with impulse discharge current Iimp (typically 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2036\" data-end=\"2085\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2085\">Also tested with 8\/20 \u00b5s current impulses<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2086\" data-end=\"2139\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2088\" data-end=\"2139\">Designed for installation at the service entrance<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2140\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2210\">Protects against direct lightning current and high-energy surges<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2212\" data-end=\"2230\"><strong data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2230\">Type 2 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2290\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2234\" data-end=\"2290\">Tested with nominal discharge current in (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2291\" data-end=\"2362\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2293\" data-end=\"2362\">Optionally tested with maximum discharge current Imax (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2363\" data-end=\"2429\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2365\" data-end=\"2429\">Note: Imax is not recommended as a basis for SPD selection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2525\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2432\" data-end=\"2525\">For SPDs with voltage switching components, also tested with 1.2\/50 \u00b5s voltage impulses.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2526\" data-end=\"2586\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2528\" data-end=\"2586\">Installed at sub-distribution boards or equipment inputs<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2587\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2589\" data-end=\"2651\">Protects against switching surges and indirect lightning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2671\"><strong data-start=\"2657\" data-end=\"2671\">Type 3 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2675\" data-end=\"2722\">Tested with a combination wave generator:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2765\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2727\" data-end=\"2765\">Open-circuit voltage Uoc (1.2\/50 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2768\" data-end=\"2807\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2770\" data-end=\"2807\">Short-circuit current Icw (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2810\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2812\" data-end=\"2843\">Nominal output impedance: 2 \u03a9<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2844\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2846\" data-end=\"2913\">Installed near sensitive terminal equipment for fine protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"2920\" data-end=\"2960\"><strong data-start=\"2923\" data-end=\"2960\">SPD Applications in Power Systems<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"2962\" data-end=\"3069\">SPDs are used in a wide range of AC and DC systems, each having specific design and selection requirements.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3071\" data-end=\"3110\"><strong data-start=\"3075\" data-end=\"3110\">1. AC Power System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/classification-of-spds\/attachment\/ac-power-surge-protection-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2103\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2103\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AC-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"AC Power Surge Protection Device\" width=\"868\" height=\"868\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p data-start=\"3112\" data-end=\"3303\">In AC distribution systems, SPDs are mainly used to protect equipment and power networks from transient overvoltages caused by lightning strikes, utility switching, and fault-clearing events.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3392\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3392\"><strong data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3322\">Type 1 SPDs<\/strong>: Installed at main distribution boards to handle high-energy surges<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3393\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3453\"><strong data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3410\">Type 2 SPDs<\/strong>: Installed downstream for local protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3455\" data-end=\"3591\">SPDs for AC must match the system\u2019s nominal voltage and Uc while offering sufficient short-circuit withstand capability (Isccr).<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3593\" data-end=\"3629\">Typical internal components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3677\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3632\" data-end=\"3677\">MOVs for fast response and voltage clamping<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3678\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3680\" data-end=\"3736\">GDTs for high energy handling and isolation from leakage<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3738\" data-end=\"3801\">The combination of both ensures fast suppression and longevity.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3808\" data-end=\"3847\"><strong data-start=\"3812\" data-end=\"3847\">2. DC Power System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"3849\" data-end=\"3868\">DC systems such as:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3894\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3871\" data-end=\"3894\">Telecom base stations<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3895\" data-end=\"3926\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3897\" data-end=\"3926\">Industrial control cabinets<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3927\" data-end=\"3946\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3929\" data-end=\"3946\">Battery storage<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3947\" data-end=\"3962\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3949\" data-end=\"3962\">EV charging<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3963\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3965\" data-end=\"3979\">Solar DC buses<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3981\" data-end=\"4095\">\u2026require SPDs designed specifically for continuous direct voltage, which lacks zero crossing and can sustain arcs.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4097\" data-end=\"4105\">DC SPDs:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4143\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4108\" data-end=\"4143\">Typically use high-voltage MOVs<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4144\" data-end=\"4208\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4208\">Must handle high steady-state DC voltage without overheating<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4209\" data-end=\"4270\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4211\" data-end=\"4270\">Installed at DC panels, inverter inputs, or battery banks<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4271\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4273\" data-end=\"4332\">Help avoid system downtime due to surges or switching noise<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4339\" data-end=\"4387\"><strong data-start=\"4343\" data-end=\"4387\">3. Photovoltaic (PV) System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"4389\" data-end=\"4540\">PV systems involve high DC voltages (up to 1500 VDC), large array surfaces, and frequent exposure to lightning surges due to rooftop or field mounting.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4542\" data-end=\"4576\">PV-specific SPDs must comply with:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4597\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4597\"><a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4595\">IEC 61643-31<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4598\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.standards.iteh.ai\/samples\/22527\/5b6a4f03275341d2bd18880b7a0877e7\/SIST-EN-50539-11-2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\">EN 50539-11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4617\" data-end=\"4638\">They are deployed at:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4685\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4685\"><strong data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4652\">DC side<\/strong>: Between the PV array and the inverter<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4686\" data-end=\"4740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4740\"><strong data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4706\">Inverter input<\/strong>: For internal DC bus protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4741\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4791\"><strong data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4754\">AC side<\/strong>: Between the inverter and the grid interface<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4793\" data-end=\"4814\">Requirements include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4837\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4817\" data-end=\"4837\">High MCOV (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4838\" data-end=\"4871\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4840\" data-end=\"4871\">Low protection level (Up)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4872\" data-end=\"4891\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4874\" data-end=\"4891\">Long surge life<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4892\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4894\" data-end=\"4942\">Weather and UV resistance (for outdoor DC boxes)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4944\" data-end=\"5038\">Well-placed PV SPDs reduce equipment replacement costs and improve system reliability and ROI.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5045\" data-end=\"5094\"><strong data-start=\"5048\" data-end=\"5094\">Understanding Iimp vs. Imax in SPD Ratings<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5096\" data-end=\"5136\"><strong data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5136\">Impulse Discharge Current (Iimp)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5174\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5140\" data-end=\"5174\">Characteristic of Type 1 SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5177\" data-end=\"5216\">Simulates a direct lightning strike<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5217\" data-end=\"5255\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5219\" data-end=\"5255\">Tested with 10\/350 \u00b5s waveform<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5256\" data-end=\"5325\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5258\" data-end=\"5325\">Represents the SPD\u2019s capacity to handle a single extreme surge<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5326\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5328\" data-end=\"5403\">Suitable for building entry points or lightning arrestors downstream<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5405\" data-end=\"5445\"><strong data-start=\"5409\" data-end=\"5445\">Maximum Discharge Current (Imax)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5483\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5449\" data-end=\"5483\">Characteristic of Type 2 SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5484\" data-end=\"5567\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5486\" data-end=\"5567\">Simulates multiple lower-energy surges from switching or indirect lightning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5568\" data-end=\"5604\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5570\" data-end=\"5604\">Tested with 8\/20 \u00b5s waveform<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5605\" data-end=\"5643\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5607\" data-end=\"5643\">Reflects long-term surge endurance<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5644\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5646\" data-end=\"5717\">Suitable for distribution boards and equipment-level protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"5719\" data-end=\"5737\"><strong data-start=\"5722\" data-end=\"5736\">In summary<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5796\"><strong data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5748\">Iimp<\/strong> = Peak endurance for rare, high-energy events<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5797\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5943\"><strong data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5807\">Imax<\/strong> = Repetitive endurance for frequent lower-energy transients<br data-start=\"5867\" data-end=\"5870\" \/>Both are essential in building a multi-level SPD protection strategy.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5950\" data-end=\"5967\"><strong data-start=\"5953\" data-end=\"5967\">Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"5969\" data-end=\"6277\">Surge protective devices are essential for modern power systems, ensuring equipment safety and power continuity. Their classification into Type 1, 2, and 3, along with the understanding of technical parameters like Uc, Up, Iimp, and Imax, is vital for proper selection and implementation.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6279\" data-end=\"6457\">Whether protecting AC systems, DC automation, or solar PV, selecting the right SPD with suitable ratings helps reduce damage, lower O&amp;M costs, and extend system life.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6459\" data-end=\"6579\">A well-engineered SPD plan is a small investment that protects your large-scale infrastructure from irreversible damage.<\/p>"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/784","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/785"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=784"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}