{"id":844,"date":"2023-12-18T15:08:31","date_gmt":"2023-12-18T07:08:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=844"},"modified":"2024-09-05T16:32:04","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T08:32:04","slug":"lightning-protection-of-low-voltage-power-distribution-system-in-buildings","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/blog\/lightning-protection-of-low-voltage-power-distribution-system-in-buildings\/","title":{"rendered":"Ochrona odgromowa sieci rozdzielczej niskiego napi\u0119cia w budynkach"},"content":{"rendered":"Katastrofy piorunowe obejmuj\u0105 g\u0142\u00f3wnie bezpo\u015brednie uderzenia piorun\u00f3w, indukcj\u0119 elektrostatyczn\u0105 piorun\u00f3w i piorunowe impulsy elektromagnetyczne.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bezpo\u015brednie uderzenie pioruna<\/strong>\r\n\r\nBezpo\u015brednie uderzenie pioruna odnosi si\u0119 do zjawiska fizycznego polegaj\u0105cego na tym, \u017ce chmura burzowa wy\u0142adowuje si\u0119 bezpo\u015brednio na ziemi\u0119. Je\u017celi w ziemi\u0119 bezpo\u015brednio uderzy piorun, w miejscu uderzenia pioruna wygenerowany zostanie du\u017cy pr\u0105d chwilowy. Je\u015bli pr\u0105d pioruna nie mo\u017ce zosta\u0107 uwolniony na czas, obiekt uderzony piorunem natychmiast wygeneruje du\u017co ciep\u0142a, powoduj\u0105c jego rozszerzanie, topienie, spalenie, eksplozj\u0119 i inne uszkodzenia. Zazwyczaj budynki musz\u0105 uwzgl\u0119dnia\u0107 zagro\u017cenia zwi\u0105zane z:bezpo\u015brednie uderzenia pioruna.\r\n\r\n<strong>Indukcja elektrostatyczna piorun\u00f3w<\/strong>\r\n\r\nIndukcja piorunowa oznacza, \u017ce \u200b\u200bgdy na niebie pojawi si\u0119 na\u0142adowana chmura burzowa, metalowe linie, metalowe przedmioty itp. pod chmur\u0105 burzow\u0105 przyjmuj\u0105 \u0142adunek elektryczny przeciwny do chmury burzowej w wyniku indukcji elektrostatycznej. Kiedy nast\u0119puje uderzenie pioruna, \u0142adunek chmury burzowej szybko znika w wyniku uderzenia pioruna. \u0141adunek indukowany na metalowej linii rozprzestrzenia si\u0119 wzd\u0142u\u017c linii, powoduj\u0105c przej\u015bciowe przepi\u0119cie na porcie liniowym urz\u0105dzenia. Je\u015bli indukowany \u0142adunek na metalowym przedmiocienie mo\u017ce znikn\u0105\u0107 z czasem, nast\u0105pi zewn\u0119trzne zjawisko wy\u0142adowania, kt\u00f3re utworzy iskr\u0119.\r\n\r\n<strong>B\u0142yskawiczny impuls elektromagnetyczny<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLightning electromagnetic pulse refers to the instantaneous formation of a lightning electromagnetic field in the area where the lightning strike occurs due to the extremely large peak value and speed of the lightning current. Under the action of the changing lightning electromagnetic field, metal lines in the area induce instantaneous lightning current. If the lightning current penetrates into the power supply line and communication line, transient overvoltage may occur on the device\u2019s line port.\r\n\r\nLightning protection of low-voltage power distribution system is to prevent the low-voltage power distribution system from introducing lightning current from lines outside the building.\r\n\r\n<strong>Podstawowe \u015brodki ochrony odgromowej<\/strong>\r\n\r\nW przypadku system\u00f3w dystrybucji energii niskiego napi\u0119cia powszechnie stosowane modele i parametry ogranicznik\u00f3w s\u0105 nast\u0119puj\u0105ce:\r\n\r\n<strong>SPD mocy tr\u00f3jfazowej klasy I (dla sieci TN-S)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 4P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>SPD tr\u00f3jfazowy klasy I (dla sieci TN-C)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 3P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>SPD tr\u00f3jfazowy klasy I (dla uk\u0142adu TT)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 3P+NPE\r\n\r\nMax. Continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25Ka\/50kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA\/50kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Tr\u00f3jfazowy SPD mocy klasy II (dla sieci TN-S lub TN-C-S)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-40 4P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 20kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 40kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the sub-power distribution box, as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>SPD tr\u00f3jfazowy klasy II (dla uk\u0142adu TT)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-40 3P+NPE\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 20kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 40kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the sub-power distribution box, as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Ochrona odgromowa systemu dystrybucji energii niskiego napi\u0119cia jest nast\u0119puj\u0105ca:<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe main power distribution cabinet of the building is installed with a Class I power SPD as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nThe secondary power distribution cabinet (box) of the building is installed with a Class II power SPD as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nThe tertiary power distribution cabinet (box) of the building is installed with a Class II power SPD as the third-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nFor important equipment ports, install Class III power SPD as terminal-level lightning protection for power lines.","protected":false},"featured_media":845,"parent":0,"menu_order":155,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[8],"class_list":["post-844","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-company-news"],"acf":{"des":"Lightning disasters mainly include direct lightning strikes, lightning electrostatic induction, and lightning electromagnetic pulses.","txt":"Lightning disasters mainly include direct lightning strikes, lightning electrostatic induction, and lightning electromagnetic pulses.\r\n\r\n<strong>Direct lightning strike<\/strong>\r\n\r\nDirect lightning strike refers to the physical phenomenon that the thundercloud discharges directly to the ground. If the ground is directly struck by lightning, a large instantaneous current will be generated at the location of the lightning strike. If the lightning current cannot be released in time, the object struck by the lightning will generate a lot of heat instantly, causing the object to expand, melt, burn, explode and other damage. Typically, buildings must consider the hazards of direct lightning strikes.\r\n\r\n<strong>Lightning electrostatic induction<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLightning induction means that when a charged thundercloud appears in the sky, metal lines, metal objects, etc. under the thundercloud to take on an electric charge opposite to that of a thundercloud by electrostatic induction. When a lightning strike occurs, the thundercloud charge quickly disappears through the lightning strike. The induced charge on the metal line propagates along the line, causing transient overvoltage at the line port of the device. If the induced charge on the metal object cannot disappear in time, there will be an external discharge phenomenon, which will form a spark.\r\n\r\n<strong>Lightning electromagnetic pulse<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLightning electromagnetic pulse refers to the instantaneous formation of a lightning electromagnetic field in the area where the lightning strike occurs due to the extremely large peak value and speed of the lightning current. Under the action of the changing lightning electromagnetic field, metal lines in the area induce instantaneous lightning current. If the lightning current penetrates into the power supply line and communication line, transient overvoltage may occur on the device\u2019s line port.\r\n\r\nLightning protection of low-voltage power distribution system is to prevent the low-voltage power distribution system from introducing lightning current from lines outside the building.\r\n\r\n<strong>Basic lightning protection measures<\/strong>\r\n\r\nFor low-voltage power distribution systems, the commonly used arrester models and parameters are as follows:\r\n\r\n<strong>Class I three-phase power SPD (for TN-S system)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 4P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Class I three-phase power SPD (for TN-C system)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 3P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Class I three-phase power SPD (for TT system)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 3P+NPE\r\n\r\nMax. Continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25Ka\/50kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA\/50kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Class II three-phase power SPD (for TN-S or TN-C-S systems)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-40 4P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 20kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 40kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the sub-power distribution box, as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Class II three-phase power SPD (for TT system)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-40 3P+NPE\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 20kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 40kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the sub-power distribution box, as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>The lightning protection of the low-voltage power distribution system is as follows:<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe main power distribution cabinet of the building is installed with a Class I power SPD as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nThe secondary power distribution cabinet (box) of the building is installed with a Class II power SPD as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nThe tertiary power distribution cabinet (box) of the building is installed with a Class II power SPD as the third-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nFor important equipment ports, install Class III power SPD as terminal-level lightning protection for power lines."},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/844","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/845"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=844"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=844"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}