{"id":791,"date":"2023-12-19T16:19:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T08:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=791"},"modified":"2024-09-05T16:35:57","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T08:35:57","slug":"en-62305-protection-against-lightning","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/blog\/en-62305-protection-against-lightning\/","title":{"rendered":"EN 62305 Ochrona przed piorunami"},"content":{"rendered":"The EN 62305 standard series specifically cover the protection against lightning to structures, their contents, persons and livestock.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 accepts that we now live in the electronic age, making LEMP (Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse) protection for electronic and electrical systems an integral part of the standard through EN 62305-4. LEMP is the term given to the overall electromagnetic effects of lightning, including conducted surges (transient overvoltage and currents) and radiated electromagnetic field effects.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 \u2013 4 categorizes the source of damage, type of damage and the type of loss.\r\n\r\n<strong>\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a uszkodze\u0144<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSzkody spowodowane przez piorun dziel\u0105 si\u0119 na:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Uszkodzenie konstrukcji (w tym wszystkich napowietrznych i podziemnych linii elektrycznych pod\u0142\u0105czonych do konstrukcji)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Uszkodzenie us\u0142ugi (w tym przypadku us\u0142ugi b\u0119d\u0105cej cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 sieci telekomunikacyjnej, transmisji danych, dostaw energii elektrycznej, wody, gazu i dystrybucji paliw).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-17873 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/11-400x271.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"271\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Rodzaje uszkodze\u0144<\/strong>\r\n\r\nKa\u017cde \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o obra\u017ce\u0144 mo\u017ce spowodowa\u0107 jeden lub wi\u0119cej z trzech typ\u00f3w uszkodze\u0144. Mo\u017cliwe rodzaje uszkodze\u0144 s\u0105 identyfikowane w nast\u0119puj\u0105cy spos\u00f3b:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>D1 Obra\u017cenia os\u00f3b lub zwierz\u0105t na skutek napi\u0119cia krokowego i dotykowego<\/li>\r\n \t<li>D2 Uszkodzenia fizyczne (po\u017car, eksplozja, zniszczenie mechaniczne, uwolnienie substancji chemicznych) na skutek dzia\u0142ania pr\u0105du piorunowego, w tym iskrzenia<\/li>\r\n \t<li>D3 Awaria system\u00f3w wewn\u0119trznych spowodowana piorunowym impulsem elektromagnetycznym (LEMP).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Rodzaje strat<\/strong>\r\n\r\nW wyniku uderzenia pioruna mog\u0105 wyst\u0105pi\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105ce rodzaje strat:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>L1 Utrata \u017cycia ludzkiego<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L2 Utrata us\u0142ug dla spo\u0142ecze\u0144stwa<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L3 Utrata dziedzictwa kulturowego<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L4 Utrata warto\u015bci ekonomicznej<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe relationships of all of the above parameters:\r\n\r\nThe relationships of all of the above parameters:\r\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"firstRow\">\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Punkt uderzenia<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142o\u00a0szkody<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Rodzaj uszkodzenia<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Rodzaj straty<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Struktura<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S1<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D1&nbsp;\r\n\r\nD2\r\n\r\nD3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1, L4**&nbsp;\r\n\r\nL1, L2, L3, L4\r\n\r\nL1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">W pobli\u017cu budowli<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S2<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Us\u0142uga pod\u0142\u0105czona do obiektu<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D1&nbsp;\r\n\r\nD2\r\n\r\nD3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1,L4**&nbsp;\r\n\r\nL1, L2, L3, L4\r\n\r\nL1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Blisko serwisu<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S4<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n* Only for structures with risk of explosion and for hospitals or other structures where failures of internal systems immediately endangers human life.\r\n\r\n** Only for properties where animals may be lost.\r\n\r\nLEMP damage is so prevalent that it is identified as one of the specific types (D3) against which protection should be provided and can occur from ALL strike points to the structure or connected services \u2013 direct or indirect. This extended approach also takes into account the danger of fire or explosion associated with services connected to the structure, e.g. power, telecoms and other metallic lines.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 makes it clear that structural lightning protection must no longer be considered in isolation from transient overvoltage\/surge protection and given that lightning from all strikes points, direct or indirect, to the structure or connected services creates a risk from transients, SPDs are a vital means of protection whether structural lightning protection is present or not.\r\n\r\n<strong>Przebiegi pr\u0105du i napi\u0119cia<\/strong>\r\n\r\nEN 62305 takes account of protection measures on metallic service lines (typically power, signal and telecom lines) using transient overvoltage or Surge Protection Devices (SPDs) against both direct lightning strikes as well as the more common indirect lightning strikes and switching transients. Standards such as the EN 61643 series define the characteristics of lightning currents and voltages to enable reliable and repeatable testing of SPDs (as well as lightning protection components). Although these waveforms may differ from actual transients, the standardized forms are based upon years of observation and measurement (and in some cases simulation). In general they provide a fair approximation of the real world transient.\r\n\r\nTransient waveforms have a fast rising edge and a longer tail. They are described through their peak value (or magnitude), rise time and their duration (or fall time). The duration is measured as the time taken for the test transient to decay to half its peak value.\r\n\r\nThe figures below illustrate the common current and voltage waveforms that are used to test SPDs for mains, signal and telecom lines.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-17874 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-400x239.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-400x239.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-768x459.png 768w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-600x358.png 600w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-150x90.png 150w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12.png 1147w\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"239\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Bezpo\u015brednie uderzenia<\/strong>\r\n\r\nPiorun bezpo\u015bredni mo\u017ce wprowadzi\u0107 cz\u0119\u015bciowe pr\u0105dy piorunowe o kszta\u0142cie fali 10\/350 \u03bcs do systemu, w kt\u00f3rym konstrukcja ze strukturalnym systemem ochrony odgromowej zostaje uderzona bezpo\u015brednio (\u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o S1) lub gdzie piorun uderza bezpo\u015brednio w napowietrzn\u0105 lini\u0119 energetyczn\u0105 (\u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o S3).\r\n\r\n<strong>Uderzenia po\u015brednie<\/strong>\r\n\r\nRemote or indirect lightning flashes near the structure (Source S2) or near a connected service to the structure (Source S4) of up to 1km radius away (and hence far more common) are represented by the 8\/20\u03bcs waveform. Induced surges from direct lightning flashes and switching sources are also represented by this waveform. With a much shorter decay or fall time relative to the 10\/350\u03bcs waveform, the 8\/20\u03bcs waveform presents significantly less energy (for an equivalent peak current) but is still devastating enough to damage electrical and electronic equipment.\r\n\r\nEN 62305-1 recognizes that failure of internal systems (Damage Type D3) due to Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse (LEMP) is possible from all points of strike to the structure or service \u2013 direct or indirect (all Sources: S1, S2, S3 and S4).\r\n\r\n<strong>\u015arodki ochrony przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowej (SPM)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nEN 62305-4 describes a number of measures to minimize the severity of transient overvoltage caused by lightning and electrical switching.\r\n\r\nKey and basic protection measures are:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Uziemienie i po\u0142\u0105czenie<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ekranowanie elektromagnetyczne i prowadzenie linii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Skoordynowane urz\u0105dzenia przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowe<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nDalsze dodatkowe \u015brodki ochrony obejmuj\u0105:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Rozszerzenia strukturalnego LPS<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Lokalizacja sprz\u0119tu<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Zastosowanie kabli \u015bwiat\u0142owodowych (ochrona poprzez izolacj\u0119)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nSPMs also have to operate within and withstand the environment in which they are located considering factors such as temperature, humidity, vibration, voltage and current.\r\n\r\nSelection of the most suitable SPM is made using the risk assessment in accordance with EN 62305-2 taking into account both technical and economic factors. For example, it may not be practical or cost effective to implement electromagnetic shielding measures in an existing structure so the use of coordinated SPDs may be more suitable. Ideally SPDs are best incorporated at the project design stage, although they can also be readily installed in existing installations.\r\n\r\nTo ensure continuous operation of critical systems even in the event of a direct strike, SPDs are essential and these must be suitably deployed, based on the source of surge and its intensity using the Lightning Protection Zones (LPZ) concept within EN 62305-4.\r\n\r\n<strong>Koncepcja Strefy Ochrony Odgromowej (LPZ).<\/strong>\r\n\r\nOchrona przed LEMP opiera si\u0119 na koncepcji Strefy Ochrony Odgromowej (LPZ), kt\u00f3ra dzieli obiekt na kilka stref w zale\u017cno\u015bci od stopnia zagro\u017cenia stwarzanego przez LEMP. Og\u00f3lna koncepcja polega na identyfikacji lub utworzeniu w obr\u0119bie obiektu stref, w kt\u00f3rych nara\u017cenie na niekt\u00f3re lub wszystkie skutki wy\u0142adowa\u0144 atmosferycznych jest mniejsze, oraz skoordynowaniu ich z charakterystyk\u0105 odporno\u015bci sprz\u0119tu elektrycznego lub elektronicznego zainstalowanego w danej strefie. Kolejne strefy tocharakteryzuj\u0105 si\u0119 znacznym zmniejszeniem nasilenia LEMP w wyniku klejenia, ekranowania lub stosowania SPD.\r\n\r\n<strong>Strefy zewn\u0119trzne:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 0A to obszar nara\u017cony na bezpo\u015brednie uderzenia pioruna i dlatego mo\u017ce by\u0107 konieczne przewodzenie pe\u0142nego pr\u0105du pioruna. Jest to zazwyczaj powierzchnia dachu konstrukcji bez konstrukcyjnej ochrony odgromowej. Wyst\u0119puje tu pe\u0142ne pole elektromagnetyczne.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 0B to obszar nie nara\u017cony na bezpo\u015brednie uderzenia pioruna i zazwyczaj s\u0105 to \u015bciany boczne konstrukcji lub dachu z konstrukcyjn\u0105 ochron\u0105 odgromow\u0105. Jednak w dalszym ci\u0105gu wyst\u0119puje tutaj pe\u0142ne pole elektromagnetyczne i mog\u0105 tu wyst\u0119powa\u0107 przewodzone cz\u0119\u015bciowe lub indukowane pr\u0105dy piorunowe oraz przepi\u0119cia prze\u0142\u0105czaj\u0105ce.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Strefy wewn\u0119trzne:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 1 to obszar wewn\u0119trzny nara\u017cony na cz\u0119\u015bciowe pr\u0105dy piorunowe. Przewodzone pr\u0105dy piorunowe i\/lub przepi\u0119cia prze\u0142\u0105czaj\u0105ce s\u0105 zmniejszone w por\u00f3wnaniu ze strefami zewn\u0119trznymi LPZ 0A, LPZ 0B, podobnie jak pole elektromagnetyczne, je\u015bli zostan\u0105 zastosowane odpowiednie \u015brodki ekranuj\u0105ce. Jest to zazwyczaj obszar, w kt\u00f3rym do obiektu wchodz\u0105 instalacje lub gdzie znajduje si\u0119 g\u0142\u00f3wna rozdzielnica zasilania.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 2 to obszar wewn\u0119trzny, znajduj\u0105cy si\u0119 dalej wewn\u0105trz konstrukcji, w kt\u00f3rym pozosta\u0142o\u015bci pr\u0105d\u00f3w piorunowych i\/lub przepi\u0119\u0107 prze\u0142\u0105czaj\u0105cych s\u0105 zmniejszone w por\u00f3wnaniu z LPZ 1. Podobnie pole elektromagnetyczne ulega dalszemu zmniejszeniu, je\u015bli zastosowane zostan\u0105 odpowiednie \u015brodki ekranowania. Jest to zazwyczaj ekranowane pomieszczenie lub, w przypadku zasilania sieciowego, obszar podrozdzielnicy.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"featured_media":792,"parent":0,"menu_order":180,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[8],"class_list":["post-791","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-company-news"],"acf":{"des":"The EN 62305 standard series specifically cover the protection against lightning to structures, their contents, persons and livestock.","txt":"The EN 62305 standard series specifically cover the protection against lightning to structures, their contents, persons and livestock.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 accepts that we now live in the electronic age, making LEMP (Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse) protection for electronic and electrical systems an integral part of the standard through EN 62305-4. LEMP is the term given to the overall electromagnetic effects of lightning, including conducted surges (transient overvoltage and currents) and radiated electromagnetic field effects.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 \u2013 4 categorizes the source of damage, type of damage and the type of loss.\r\n\r\n<strong>Sources of damage<\/strong>\r\n\r\nDamage that can be caused by lightning is sub-divided into:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Damage to a structure (including all incoming electrical overhead and buried lines connected to the structure)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Damage to a service (service in this instance being part of telecommunication, data, electrical supply, water, gas and fuel distribution networks).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-17873 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/11-400x271.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"271\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Types of damage<\/strong>\r\n\r\nEach source of damage may result in one or more of three types of damage. The possible types of damage are identified as follows:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>D1 Injury of persons or livestock due to step and touch voltages<\/li>\r\n \t<li>D2 Physical damage (fire, explosion, mechanical destruction, chemical release) due to lightning current effects including sparking<\/li>\r\n \t<li>D3 Failure of internal systems due to Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse (LEMP).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Types of loss<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe following types of loss may result from damage due to lightning:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>L1 Loss of human life<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L2 Loss of service to the public<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L3 Loss of cultural heritage<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L4 Loss of economic value<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe relationships of all of the above parameters:\r\n\r\nThe relationships of all of the above parameters:\r\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"firstRow\">\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Point of strike<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Source of\u00a0damage<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Type of\u00a0damage<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Type of\u00a0loss<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Structure<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S1<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D1&nbsp;\r\n\r\nD2\r\n\r\nD3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1, L4**&nbsp;\r\n\r\nL1, L2, L3, L4\r\n\r\nL1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Near a\u00a0Structure<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S2<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Service connected\u00a0to the structure<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D1&nbsp;\r\n\r\nD2\r\n\r\nD3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1,L4**&nbsp;\r\n\r\nL1, L2, L3, L4\r\n\r\nL1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">Near a service<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">S4<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">D3<\/td>\r\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">L1*, L2, L4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n* Only for structures with risk of explosion and for hospitals or other structures where failures of internal systems immediately endangers human life.\r\n\r\n** Only for properties where animals may be lost.\r\n\r\nLEMP damage is so prevalent that it is identified as one of the specific types (D3) against which protection should be provided and can occur from ALL strike points to the structure or connected services \u2013 direct or indirect. This extended approach also takes into account the danger of fire or explosion associated with services connected to the structure, e.g. power, telecoms and other metallic lines.\r\n\r\nEN 62305 makes it clear that structural lightning protection must no longer be considered in isolation from transient overvoltage\/surge protection and given that lightning from all strikes points, direct or indirect, to the structure or connected services creates a risk from transients, SPDs are a vital means of protection whether structural lightning protection is present or not.\r\n\r\n<strong>Current and voltage waveforms<\/strong>\r\n\r\nEN 62305 takes account of protection measures on metallic service lines (typically power, signal and telecom lines) using transient overvoltage or Surge Protection Devices (SPDs) against both direct lightning strikes as well as the more common indirect lightning strikes and switching transients. Standards such as the EN 61643 series define the characteristics of lightning currents and voltages to enable reliable and repeatable testing of SPDs (as well as lightning protection components). Although these waveforms may differ from actual transients, the standardized forms are based upon years of observation and measurement (and in some cases simulation). In general they provide a fair approximation of the real world transient.\r\n\r\nTransient waveforms have a fast rising edge and a longer tail. They are described through their peak value (or magnitude), rise time and their duration (or fall time). The duration is measured as the time taken for the test transient to decay to half its peak value.\r\n\r\nThe figures below illustrate the common current and voltage waveforms that are used to test SPDs for mains, signal and telecom lines.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-17874 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-400x239.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-400x239.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-768x459.png 768w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-600x358.png 600w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-150x90.png 150w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12.png 1147w\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"239\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Direct strikes<\/strong>\r\n\r\nDirect lightning can inject partial lightning currents of the 10\/350\u03bcs waveform into a system where a structure with a structural Lightning Protection System receives a direct strike (Source S1) or where lightning directly strikes an overhead service line (Source S3).\r\n\r\n<strong>Indirect strikes<\/strong>\r\n\r\nRemote or indirect lightning flashes near the structure (Source S2) or near a connected service to the structure (Source S4) of up to 1km radius away (and hence far more common) are represented by the 8\/20\u03bcs waveform. Induced surges from direct lightning flashes and switching sources are also represented by this waveform. With a much shorter decay or fall time relative to the 10\/350\u03bcs waveform, the 8\/20\u03bcs waveform presents significantly less energy (for an equivalent peak current) but is still devastating enough to damage electrical and electronic equipment.\r\n\r\nEN 62305-1 recognizes that failure of internal systems (Damage Type D3) due to Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse (LEMP) is possible from all points of strike to the structure or service \u2013 direct or indirect (all Sources: S1, S2, S3 and S4).\r\n\r\n<strong>Surge Protection Measures (SPM)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nEN 62305-4 describes a number of measures to minimize the severity of transient overvoltage caused by lightning and electrical switching.\r\n\r\nKey and basic protection measures are:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Earthing and bonding<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Electromagnetic shielding and line routing<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Coordinated Surge Protective Devices<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nFurther additional protection measures include:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Extensions to the structural LPS<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Equipment location<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use of fiber optic cables (protection by isolation)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nSPMs also have to operate within and withstand the environment in which they are located considering factors such as temperature, humidity, vibration, voltage and current.\r\n\r\nSelection of the most suitable SPM is made using the risk assessment in accordance with EN 62305-2 taking into account both technical and economic factors. For example, it may not be practical or cost effective to implement electromagnetic shielding measures in an existing structure so the use of coordinated SPDs may be more suitable. Ideally SPDs are best incorporated at the project design stage, although they can also be readily installed in existing installations.\r\n\r\nTo ensure continuous operation of critical systems even in the event of a direct strike, SPDs are essential and these must be suitably deployed, based on the source of surge and its intensity using the Lightning Protection Zones (LPZ) concept within EN 62305-4.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Lightning Protection Zone (LPZ) concept<\/strong>\r\n\r\nProtection against LEMP is based on a concept of the Lightning Protection Zone (LPZ) that divides the structure in question into a number of zones according to the level of threat posed by the LEMP. The general idea is to identify or create zones within the structure where there is less exposure to some or all of the effects of lightning and to coordinate these with the immunity characteristics of the electrical or electronic equipment installed within the zone. Successive zones are characterized by significant reductions in LEMP severity as a result of bonding, shielding or the use of SPDs.\r\n\r\n<strong>External zones:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 0A is the area subject to direct lightning strokes and therefore may have to carry up to the full lightning current. This is typically the roof area of a structure without structural lightning protection. The full electromagnetic field occurs here.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 0B is the area not subject to direct lightning strokes and is typically the sidewalls of a structure or a roof with structural lightning protection. However the full electromagnetic field still occurs here and conducted partial or induced lightning currents and switching surges can occur here.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Internal zones:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 1 is the internal area that is subject to partial lightning currents. The conducted lightning currents and\/or switching surges are reduced compared with the external zones LPZ 0A, LPZ 0B as is the electromagnetic field if suitable shielding measures are employed. This is typically the area where services enter the structure or where the main power switchboard is located.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>LPZ 2 is an internal area that is further located inside the structure where the remnants of lightning impulse currents and\/or switching surges are reduced compared with LPZ 1. Similarly the electromagnetic field is further reduced if suitable shielding measures are employed. This is typically a screened room or, for mains power at the sub-distribution board area.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}