{"id":746,"date":"2023-12-19T20:31:44","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T12:31:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=746"},"modified":"2024-09-05T16:34:58","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T08:34:58","slug":"grounding-protection","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/blog\/grounding-protection\/","title":{"rendered":"Ochrona uziemienia"},"content":{"rendered":"Urz\u0105dzenia uziemiaj\u0105ce i \u0142\u0105cz\u0105ce s\u0105 stosowane we wszystkich typach sprz\u0119tu elektrycznego i stanowi\u0105 istotny element ka\u017cdego systemu elektrycznego, zar\u00f3wno w zastosowaniach komercyjnych, jak i mieszkaniowych. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 problem\u00f3w z jako\u015bci\u0105 energii jest zwi\u0105zana z uziemieniem i rozmiarem przewodu neutralnego, a ich szacunkowy koszt wynosi od $15 miliard\u00f3w do $30 miliard\u00f3w rocznie. Prawid\u0142owo zainstalowany system uziemiaj\u0105cy wykorzystuj\u0105cy sprz\u0119t uziemiaj\u0105cy i \u0142\u0105cz\u0105cy pomaga zapewni\u0107 bezpiecze\u0144stwo personelu, ochron\u0119 sprz\u0119tu, rozpraszanie wy\u0142adowa\u0144 atmosferycznych, elektryczno\u015b\u0107wy\u0142adowania (ESD) i redukcja szum\u00f3w sygna\u0142owych w sprz\u0119cie elektronicznym.\r\n\r\n<strong>Dlaczego warto wdro\u017cy\u0107 ochron\u0119 uziemienia?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe grounding system is a basic part of any electrical installation, and aims to:\r\n\r\n\u2013 Limit the potential difference between metallic masses and ground.\r\n\r\n\u2013 Make sure the protection devices operate.\r\n\r\n\u2013 Eliminate or reduce the risk posed by a fault in the electrical equipment used.\r\n\r\n<strong>Wyb\u00f3r materia\u0142u uziemiaj\u0105cego<\/strong>\r\n\r\nPo urz\u0105dzeniu zabezpieczaj\u0105cym ka\u017cdy system uziemiaj\u0105cy sk\u0142ada si\u0119 z trzech g\u0142\u00f3wnych cz\u0119\u015bci: p\u0142aszczyzna uziemiaj\u0105ca, przew\u00f3d uziemiaj\u0105cy i po\u0142\u0105czenie mi\u0119dzy nimi.\r\n\r\n<strong>P\u0142aszczyzna uziemienia:<\/strong>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Najlepsze p\u0142aszczyzny uziemiaj\u0105ce to: a.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\na. Copper or copper clad ground rods driven into the earth\r\n\r\nb. Copper water pipes or other building grounds, such as metal structural frame\r\n\r\nc. Metal enclosures and casings (which in turn should be grounded to earth ground)\r\n\r\n2. Grounding rods should be either copper or galvanized steel, and have a minimum diameter of 5\/8 inch.\r\n\r\n3. Aluminum should not be used in direct soil burial as a grounding rod since the alkalinity of the soil will etch the metal. This causes disconnection and an increase in impendence between the grounding system and earth ground.\r\n\r\n<strong>Przew\u00f3d uziemiaj\u0105cy:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n1. Use heavy wire gauges (10 AWG or larger) for running the grounding wire. This is important as a thicker wire gauge, along with a short cable, runs the impendence of the grounding wire lower, keeping voltage drops during surges to a minimum.\r\n\r\n2. The cable can be either solid or stranded (just as long as it is a heavy-enough wire gauge). The wire can be either bare or insulated.\r\n\r\n<strong>Wi\u0119\u017a mi\u0119dzy nimi:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n1. The use of dissimilar metals for connection from the surge protection device to the grounding plane should be avoided. Over time the connection can wear down and cause undesirable effects on the grounding system as the connection will degrade due to the oxidized layers that form between them.\r\n\r\n2. Ground wires should be bonded to the grounding plane (such as grounding rod or copper water pipes) using grounding clamps. Be sure to pick a clamp that matches the size of either the rod or pipe.\r\n\r\n3. Both copper and aluminum are UL-approved for use in grounding protection systems. However, copper is a better conductor of electricity and can be used in smaller gauges.\r\n\r\nThere are two main types of protection that depend on the ground connection for their proper operation. These are surge protection (transient overvoltage protection for equipment) and earth leakage protection (protection of personal from indirect contact, i.e. electric shock).\r\n\r\nThe effects of transient overvoltage on an installation are avoided using surge protection devices (SPD). These work by shunting the overvoltage energy to ground, thus avoiding damage to electrical and electronic equipment.\r\n\r\nThe quality of surge protection is closely linked to the grounding system, since a high impedance path may increase the exposure of sensitive equipment to the effects of the surge. In fact, in the event of complete loss or lack of a ground connection, the surge protection loses all effectiveness.\r\n\r\n<strong>Wskaz\u00f3wki dotycz\u0105ce prawid\u0142owej instalacji:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n1. Do not sharply bend the surge protection wires during termination. Offer a straight path to ground.\r\n\r\n2. Keep the surge protection wires as short as possible to improve effectiveness and response time.\r\n\r\n3. Keep the surge protection device a few feet away from the protected equipment to allow enough response time for the transient voltage to be suppressed.\r\n\r\n4. Ensure all systems connect to the same grounding point only once. Multi paths to a ground plan create different voltage potentials on the system that can result in transient surges. This simply means only pound one copper rod in the earth for grounding.","protected":false},"featured_media":778,"parent":0,"menu_order":185,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[8],"class_list":["post-746","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-company-news"],"acf":{"des":"Grounding and bonding devices are used in all types of electrical equipment and are an essential component of any electrical system in both commercial and residential applications. ","txt":"Grounding and bonding devices are used in all types of electrical equipment and are an essential component of any electrical system in both commercial and residential applications. Most power quality problems are related to grounding and neutral size issues at an estimated cost of $15 billion to $30 billion annually. A properly installed grounding system employing grounding and bonding equipment helps ensure personnel safety, equipment protection, lightning dissipation, electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the reduction of signal noise in electronic equipment.\r\n\r\n<strong>Why implement grounding protection?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe grounding system is a basic part of any electrical installation, and aims to:\r\n\r\n\u2013 Limit the potential difference between metallic masses and ground.\r\n\r\n\u2013 Make sure the protection devices operate.\r\n\r\n\u2013 Eliminate or reduce the risk posed by a fault in the electrical equipment used.\r\n\r\n<strong>Grounding Material Selection<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThere are three main parts to any grounding system after the protection device: The grounding plane, the grounding wire, and the bond between them.\r\n\r\n<strong>The grounding plane:<\/strong>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>The best grounding planes are: a.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\na. Copper or copper clad ground rods driven into the earth\r\n\r\nb. Copper water pipes or other building grounds, such as metal structural frame\r\n\r\nc. Metal enclosures and casings (which in turn should be grounded to earth ground)\r\n\r\n2. Grounding rods should be either copper or galvanized steel, and have a minimum diameter of 5\/8 inch.\r\n\r\n3. Aluminum should not be used in direct soil burial as a grounding rod since the alkalinity of the soil will etch the metal. This causes disconnection and an increase in impendence between the grounding system and earth ground.\r\n\r\n<strong>The grounding wire:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n1. Use heavy wire gauges (10 AWG or larger) for running the grounding wire. This is important as a thicker wire gauge, along with a short cable, runs the impendence of the grounding wire lower, keeping voltage drops during surges to a minimum.\r\n\r\n2. The cable can be either solid or stranded (just as long as it is a heavy-enough wire gauge). The wire can be either bare or insulated.\r\n\r\n<strong>The bond between them:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n1. The use of dissimilar metals for connection from the surge protection device to the grounding plane should be avoided. Over time the connection can wear down and cause undesirable effects on the grounding system as the connection will degrade due to the oxidized layers that form between them.\r\n\r\n2. Ground wires should be bonded to the grounding plane (such as grounding rod or copper water pipes) using grounding clamps. Be sure to pick a clamp that matches the size of either the rod or pipe.\r\n\r\n3. Both copper and aluminum are UL-approved for use in grounding protection systems. However, copper is a better conductor of electricity and can be used in smaller gauges.\r\n\r\nThere are two main types of protection that depend on the ground connection for their proper operation. These are surge protection (transient overvoltage protection for equipment) and earth leakage protection (protection of personal from indirect contact, i.e. electric shock).\r\n\r\nThe effects of transient overvoltage on an installation are avoided using surge protection devices (SPD). These work by shunting the overvoltage energy to ground, thus avoiding damage to electrical and electronic equipment.\r\n\r\nThe quality of surge protection is closely linked to the grounding system, since a high impedance path may increase the exposure of sensitive equipment to the effects of the surge. In fact, in the event of complete loss or lack of a ground connection, the surge protection loses all effectiveness.\r\n\r\n<strong>Proper Installation Guidelines:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n1. Do not sharply bend the surge protection wires during termination. Offer a straight path to ground.\r\n\r\n2. Keep the surge protection wires as short as possible to improve effectiveness and response time.\r\n\r\n3. Keep the surge protection device a few feet away from the protected equipment to allow enough response time for the transient voltage to be suppressed.\r\n\r\n4. Ensure all systems connect to the same grounding point only once. Multi paths to a ground plan create different voltage potentials on the system that can result in transient surges. This simply means only pound one copper rod in the earth for grounding."},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/778"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}