{"id":2163,"date":"2025-08-22T15:08:56","date_gmt":"2025-08-22T07:08:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=2163"},"modified":"2025-08-22T15:35:44","modified_gmt":"2025-08-22T07:35:44","slug":"types-of-surge-protection-devices","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/blog\/types-of-surge-protection-devices\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00f3\u017cne typy urz\u0105dze\u0144 przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowych (SPD)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 data-start=\"384\" data-end=\"404\">1. Wprowadzenie<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"405\" data-end=\"685\">Skoki napi\u0119cia s\u0105 cichymi zab\u00f3jcami nowoczesnych system\u00f3w elektrycznych. Od elektroniki u\u017cytkowej po automatyk\u0119 przemys\u0142ow\u0105 i elektrownie s\u0142oneczne, nawet pojedyncze przej\u015bciowe przepi\u0119cie mo\u017ce spowodowa\u0107 przestoje, kosztowne naprawy lub awari\u0119 sprz\u0119tu. Rozwi\u0105zanie? <strong data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"683\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Urz\u0105dzenia przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowe (SPD)<\/a><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"952\">W tym przewodniku om\u00f3wimy r\u00f3\u017cne typy urz\u0105dze\u0144 przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowych, wyja\u015bnimy, jak dzia\u0142aj\u0105 i por\u00f3wnamy ich zastosowania. Na koniec b\u0119dziesz dok\u0142adnie wiedzie\u0107, kt\u00f3re typy SPD pasuj\u0105 do Twojego systemu \u2013 niezale\u017cnie od tego, czy jest to dom, centrum danych czy instalacja fotowoltaiczna.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"959\" data-end=\"1001\">2. Czym s\u0105 urz\u0105dzenia przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowe?<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1002\" data-end=\"1283\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong data-start=\"1004\" data-end=\"1037\">Urz\u0105dzenie przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowe (SPD)<\/strong> <\/span><\/a>to element bezpiecze\u0144stwa instalowany w systemie elektrycznym w celu ograniczenia przej\u015bciowych przepi\u0119\u0107 spowodowanych uderzeniami pioruna, zdarzeniami prze\u0142\u0105czaj\u0105cymi lub zak\u0142\u00f3ceniami w sieci. Dzia\u0142a poprzez bezpieczne przekierowywanie energii udarowej do ziemi, chroni\u0105c pod\u0142\u0105czony sprz\u0119t.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1285\" data-end=\"1440\">Pomy\u015bl o SPD jak o zaworze zwalniaj\u0105cym ci\u015bnienie: nie zatrzymuje on wyst\u0105pienia przepi\u0119\u0107, ale odprowadza nadmiar energii z dala od wra\u017cliwej elektroniki.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1285\" data-end=\"1440\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2160\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2160\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/BR-20-4P-1Type-2-Surge-Protection-Device.jpg-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Rodzaje urz\u0105dze\u0144 przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowych\" width=\"705\" height=\"705\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1447\" data-end=\"1486\">3. Jak dzia\u0142a ochrona przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowa?<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1487\" data-end=\"1734\">SPD opieraj\u0105 si\u0119 na takich komponentach, jak warystory z tlenku metalu (MOV), lampy wy\u0142adowcze (GDT) i iskierniki. Kiedy napi\u0119cie przekroczy bezpieczny pr\u00f3g (Uc), SPD prze\u0142\u0105cza si\u0119 w tryb przewodzenia, ograniczaj\u0105c udar do ni\u017cszego napi\u0119cia szcz\u0105tkowego (Up).<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1736\" data-end=\"1767\">Kluczowe parametry do zrozumienia:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"2141\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"1853\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1770\" data-end=\"1853\"><strong data-start=\"1770\" data-end=\"1816\">Uc (maksymalne ci\u0105g\u0142e napi\u0119cie robocze):<\/strong> normalne napi\u0119cie, jakie mo\u017ce obs\u0142u\u017cy\u0107 SPD.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1854\" data-end=\"1945\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1856\" data-end=\"1945\"><strong data-start=\"1856\" data-end=\"1890\">W g\u00f3r\u0119 (poziom ochrony napi\u0119cia):<\/strong> napi\u0119cie zaciskania, kt\u00f3re \u201czobacz\u0105\u201d urz\u0105dzenia pod\u0142\u0105czone za urz\u0105dzeniem.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1946\" data-end=\"2048\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"2048\"><strong data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"2000\">In \/ Imax (nominalny i maksymalny pr\u0105d roz\u0142adowania):<\/strong> ile pr\u0105du udarowego mo\u017ce poch\u0142on\u0105\u0107 urz\u0105dzenie.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2049\" data-end=\"2141\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2051\" data-end=\"2141\"><strong data-start=\"2051\" data-end=\"2078\">Iimp (pr\u0105d impulsowy):<\/strong> specyficzne dla typu 1, reprezentuj\u0105ce przebiegi uderze\u0144 pioruna.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/attachment\/spd-install\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2159\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2159\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/SPD-install.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"745\" height=\"609\" \/><\/a>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"486\" data-end=\"527\">4. Rodzaje urz\u0105dze\u0144 przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowych<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"529\" data-end=\"821\">Zrozumienie typ\u00f3w SPD jest kluczem do projektowania warstwowej ochrony przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowej. Mi\u0119dzynarodowe standardy, takie jak <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/65314\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"639\" data-end=\"660\">IEC 61643-11 (AC)<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"662\" data-end=\"686\">IEC 61643-31 (DC\/PV)<\/strong><\/a>, I <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nemasurge.org\/ul-1449-transient-voltage-surge-suppressors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"692\" data-end=\"719\">UL 1449 (Ameryka P\u00f3\u0142nocna)<\/strong> <\/a>zdefiniowa\u0107 r\u00f3\u017cne klasy w oparciu o przebiegi testowe, wydajno\u015b\u0107 energetyczn\u0105 i lokalizacj\u0119 instalacji.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"823\" data-end=\"975\">Poni\u017cej przedstawiamy r\u00f3\u017cne typy urz\u0105dze\u0144 przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowych (SPD), z kt\u00f3rymi si\u0119 spotkasz, wraz z ich rolami technicznymi i wskaz\u00f3wkami dotycz\u0105cymi zastosowa\u0144.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"982\" data-end=\"1038\">4.1 SPD typu 1 (IEC 61643-11, klasa I, 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1975\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1041\" data-end=\"1201\"><strong data-start=\"1041\" data-end=\"1056\">Definicja:<\/strong> Zaprojektowany do odprowadzania cz\u0119\u015bciowego pr\u0105du piorunowego. Testowano za pomoc\u0105 fali impulsowej 10\/350 \u00b5s (Iimp) reprezentuj\u0105cej bezpo\u015brednie uderzenie pioruna.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1202\" data-end=\"1383\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1204\" data-end=\"1383\"><strong data-start=\"1204\" data-end=\"1227\">Punkt instalacji:<\/strong> Wej\u015bcie serwisowe, zazwyczaj przed g\u0142\u00f3wn\u0105 tablic\u0105 rozdzielcz\u0105. Cz\u0119sto stosowany w budynkach wyposa\u017conych w zewn\u0119trzn\u0105 instalacj\u0119 odgromow\u0105 (LPS).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1384\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1386\" data-end=\"1407\"><strong data-start=\"1386\" data-end=\"1405\">Kluczowe parametry:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1410\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1410\" data-end=\"1475\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1412\" data-end=\"1475\">Iimp (pr\u0105d impulsowy): znamionowa obci\u0105\u017calno\u015b\u0107 pr\u0105dowa pioruna.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1478\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1480\" data-end=\"1571\">Uc (maksymalne ci\u0105g\u0142e napi\u0119cie robocze): zapewnia brak uszkodze\u0144 podczas normalnej pracy.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1574\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1576\" data-end=\"1658\">Up (poziom ochrony napi\u0119cia): napi\u0119cie szcz\u0105tkowe widoczne w obwodach za nim.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1659\" data-end=\"1731\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1731\"><strong data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1681\">Zastosowana technologia:<\/strong> Iskierniki, wytrzyma\u0142e MOV lub konstrukcje hybrydowe.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1750\"><strong data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1748\">Przypadki u\u017cycia:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1753\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1753\" data-end=\"1806\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1755\" data-end=\"1806\">Obiekty przemys\u0142owe, wie\u017ce telekomunikacyjne, szpitale.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1809\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1811\" data-end=\"1862\">Wysokie budynki w regionach o du\u017cym nat\u0119\u017ceniu wy\u0142adowa\u0144 atmosferycznych.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1863\" data-end=\"1975\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1865\" data-end=\"1975\"><strong data-start=\"1865\" data-end=\"1877\">Przyk\u0142ad:<\/strong> Fabryka wyposa\u017cona w piorunochrony na dachu b\u0119dzie wymaga\u0107 SPD typu 1 na g\u0142\u00f3wnym zasilaniu.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1982\" data-end=\"2037\">4.2 SPD typu 2 (IEC 61643-11, klasa II, 8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2824\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2167\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2040\" data-end=\"2167\"><strong data-start=\"2040\" data-end=\"2055\">Definicja:<\/strong> Radzi sobie z przepi\u0119ciami prze\u0142\u0105czaj\u0105cymi i po\u015brednimi efektami wy\u0142adowa\u0144 atmosferycznych. Testowane przy przebiegu pr\u0105du 8\/20 \u00b5s (In, Imax).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2168\" data-end=\"2248\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2170\" data-end=\"2248\"><strong data-start=\"2170\" data-end=\"2193\">Punkt instalacji:<\/strong> Tablice g\u0142\u00f3wne lub podrozdzielnie wewn\u0105trz obiektu.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2249\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2251\" data-end=\"2272\"><strong data-start=\"2251\" data-end=\"2270\">Kluczowe parametry:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2275\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2275\" data-end=\"2347\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2277\" data-end=\"2347\">In (nominalny pr\u0105d roz\u0142adowania): wytrzyma\u0142o\u015b\u0107 przy wielokrotnych przepi\u0119ciach.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2350\" data-end=\"2417\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2352\" data-end=\"2417\">Imax (maksymalny pr\u0105d roz\u0142adowania): maksymalna zdolno\u015b\u0107 udarowa.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2420\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2422\" data-end=\"2496\">W g\u00f3r\u0119: musi by\u0107 skoordynowany zar\u00f3wno z g\u00f3rnym typem 1, jak i dolnym typem 3.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2497\" data-end=\"2578\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2578\"><strong data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2519\">Zastosowana technologia:<\/strong> Modu\u0142y oparte na MOV, cz\u0119sto pod\u0142\u0105czane w celu \u0142atwej wymiany.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2579\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2581\" data-end=\"2597\"><strong data-start=\"2581\" data-end=\"2595\">Przypadki u\u017cycia:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2600\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2600\" data-end=\"2655\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2602\" data-end=\"2655\">Domy mieszkalne, biurowce, sklepy detaliczne.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2658\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2660\" data-end=\"2716\">Standardowa ochrona w obszarach o umiarkowanym ryzyku przepi\u0119\u0107.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2717\" data-end=\"2824\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2719\" data-end=\"2824\"><strong data-start=\"2719\" data-end=\"2731\">Przyk\u0142ad:<\/strong> Ma\u0142e biuro bez zewn\u0119trznego LPS zazwyczaj u\u017cywa SPD typu 2 na p\u0142ycie g\u0142\u00f3wnej.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nChcesz szczeg\u00f3\u0142owego zestawienia? Przeczytaj nasz pe\u0142ny przewodnik: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><strong data-start=\"1021\" data-end=\"1147\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/blog\/what-is-a-type-2-surge-protection-device\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1023\" data-end=\"1145\">Co to jest urz\u0105dzenie przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowe typu 2?<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2831\" data-end=\"2890\">4.3 SPD typu 3 (IEC 61643-11, klasa III, fala combo)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"3555\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"3022\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2893\" data-end=\"3022\"><strong data-start=\"2893\" data-end=\"2908\">Definicja:<\/strong> Dobra ochrona urz\u0105dze\u0144 ko\u0144cowych. Testowane fal\u0105 kombinowan\u0105 (napi\u0119cie 1,2\/50 \u00b5s + pr\u0105d 8\/20 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3023\" data-end=\"3126\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3025\" data-end=\"3126\"><strong data-start=\"3025\" data-end=\"3048\">Punkt instalacji:<\/strong> Jak najbli\u017cej chronionego urz\u0105dzenia (gniazdko, wej\u015bcie urz\u0105dzenia).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3127\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3129\" data-end=\"3150\"><strong data-start=\"3129\" data-end=\"3148\">Kluczowe parametry:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3155\" data-end=\"3216\">W g\u00f3r\u0119: bardzo niski poziom mocowania w celu ochrony wra\u017cliwych \u0142adunk\u00f3w.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3219\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3221\" data-end=\"3273\">Nale\u017cy stosowa\u0107 w koordynacji z poprzedzaj\u0105cym typem 2.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3274\" data-end=\"3348\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3348\"><strong data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3296\">Zastosowana technologia:<\/strong> MOV w po\u0142\u0105czeniu z filtrami dla dodatkowego t\u0142umienia.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3349\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3351\" data-end=\"3367\"><strong data-start=\"3351\" data-end=\"3365\">Przypadki u\u017cycia:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3370\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3370\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3372\" data-end=\"3435\">Komputery, sterowniki LED, elektronika medyczna i systemy sterowania.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3436\" data-end=\"3555\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3555\"><strong data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3450\">Przyk\u0142ad:<\/strong> Szpitalny aparat do rezonansu magnetycznego wymaga SPD typu 3 w pobli\u017cu urz\u0105dzenia, wsp\u00f3\u0142pracuj\u0105cego z poprzedzaj\u0105cym urz\u0105dzeniem typu 2.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nWi\u0119cej informacji znajdziesz w naszym dedykowanym artykule: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><strong data-start=\"1474\" data-end=\"1584\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/blog\/what-is-a-type-3-surge-protector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1476\" data-end=\"1582\">Co to jest zabezpieczenie przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowe typu 3?<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3562\" data-end=\"3594\">4.4 SPD kombinowane T1+T2<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"3595\" data-end=\"4178\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3595\" data-end=\"3710\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3597\" data-end=\"3710\"><strong data-start=\"3597\" data-end=\"3612\">Definicja:<\/strong> Pojedynczy modu\u0142 SPD testowany zar\u00f3wno dla przebieg\u00f3w klasy I (10\/350 \u00b5s), jak i klasy II (8\/20 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3711\" data-end=\"3804\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3713\" data-end=\"3804\"><strong data-start=\"3713\" data-end=\"3725\">Korzy\u015b\u0107:<\/strong> Chroni przed bezpo\u015brednim wy\u0142adowaniem atmosferycznym oraz przepi\u0119ciami \u0142\u0105czeniowymi w jednym urz\u0105dzeniu.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3805\" data-end=\"3895\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3807\" data-end=\"3895\"><strong data-start=\"3807\" data-end=\"3830\">Punkt instalacji:<\/strong> Wej\u015bcie do us\u0142ugi, gdy przestrze\u0144 lub bud\u017cet ogranicza wiele urz\u0105dze\u0144.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3896\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3898\" data-end=\"3914\"><strong data-start=\"3898\" data-end=\"3912\">Przypadki u\u017cycia:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"3996\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3919\" data-end=\"3996\">\u015aredniej wielko\u015bci budynki komercyjne lub mieszkalne wymagaj\u0105 kompaktowych rozwi\u0105za\u0144.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3999\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4001\" data-end=\"4076\">Miejsca, w kt\u00f3rych koordynacja pomi\u0119dzy oddzielnymi typami 1 i 2 jest trudna.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4077\" data-end=\"4178\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4079\" data-end=\"4178\"><strong data-start=\"4079\" data-end=\"4091\">Przyk\u0142ad:<\/strong> A shopping mall's main switchboard may install a T1+T2 SPD to simplify protection.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4185\" data-end=\"4217\">4.5 SPD kombinowane T2+T3<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"4218\" data-end=\"4676\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4218\" data-end=\"4299\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4220\" data-end=\"4299\"><strong data-start=\"4220\" data-end=\"4235\">Definicja:<\/strong> Urz\u0105dzenia hybrydowe s\u0105 testowane pod k\u0105tem wydajno\u015bci w klasie II i III.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4300\" data-end=\"4374\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4302\" data-end=\"4374\"><strong data-start=\"4302\" data-end=\"4314\">Korzy\u015b\u0107:<\/strong> Zapewnia ochron\u0119 na poziomie dystrybucji i terminala.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4375\" data-end=\"4477\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4377\" data-end=\"4477\"><strong data-start=\"4377\" data-end=\"4400\">Punkt instalacji:<\/strong> Panele pomocnicze w pobli\u017cu wra\u017cliwych obci\u0105\u017ce\u0144, zw\u0142aszcza je\u015bli d\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107 tras kablowych przekracza 10 m.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4478\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4496\"><strong data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4494\">Przypadki u\u017cycia:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4499\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4499\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4501\" data-end=\"4559\">Centra danych, serwerownie, przemys\u0142owe szafy sterownicze.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4560\" data-end=\"4676\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4562\" data-end=\"4676\"><strong data-start=\"4562\" data-end=\"4574\">Przyk\u0142ad:<\/strong> Fabryczna linia automatyki z d\u0142ugimi kablami prowadz\u0105cymi do sterownik\u00f3w PLC mo\u017ce wykorzystywa\u0107 SPD T2+T3 w pobli\u017cu paneli PLC.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4683\" data-end=\"4734\">4.6 SPD typu 4 (UL 1449, tylko Ameryka P\u00f3\u0142nocna)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"4735\" data-end=\"5324\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4735\" data-end=\"4856\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4737\" data-end=\"4856\"><strong data-start=\"4737\" data-end=\"4762\">Definicja (UL 1449):<\/strong> Zespo\u0142y komponent\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re nie s\u0105 przeznaczone jako urz\u0105dzenia samodzielne, ale zintegrowane ze sprz\u0119tem OEM.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4857\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4859\" data-end=\"4879\"><strong data-start=\"4859\" data-end=\"4877\">Podkategorie:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4882\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4882\" data-end=\"4965\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4884\" data-end=\"4965\">Zespo\u0142y komponent\u00f3w typu 4 (CA): wst\u0119pnie pakowane cz\u0119\u015bci SPD dla producent\u00f3w.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4968\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4970\" data-end=\"5012\">Komponenty typu 5: surowe MOV lub GDT.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5013\" data-end=\"5099\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5015\" data-end=\"5099\"><strong data-start=\"5015\" data-end=\"5038\">Punkt instalacji:<\/strong> Urz\u0105dzenia wewn\u0119trzne, zasilacze lub panele wykonane na zam\u00f3wienie.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5102\" data-end=\"5118\"><strong data-start=\"5102\" data-end=\"5116\">Przypadki u\u017cycia:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5121\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5121\" data-end=\"5166\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5123\" data-end=\"5166\">Producenci OEM projektuj\u0105cy sprz\u0119t chroniony przed przepi\u0119ciami.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5169\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5171\" data-end=\"5230\">Specjalistyczne przek\u0142adnie przemys\u0142owe na rynek p\u00f3\u0142nocnoameryka\u0144ski.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5231\" data-end=\"5324\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5233\" data-end=\"5324\"><strong data-start=\"5233\" data-end=\"5245\">Przyk\u0142ad:<\/strong> Producent UPS integruje w swoich produktach zespo\u0142y SPD typu 4.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5331\" data-end=\"5382\">4,7 SPD PV\/DC (IEC 61643-31, do 1500 VDC)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5383\" data-end=\"6082\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5383\" data-end=\"5474\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5385\" data-end=\"5474\"><strong data-start=\"5385\" data-end=\"5400\">Definicja:<\/strong> Ograniczniki przepi\u0119\u0107 przeznaczone do obwod\u00f3w fotowoltaicznych i pr\u0105du sta\u0142ego.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5475\" data-end=\"5555\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5477\" data-end=\"5555\"><strong data-start=\"5477\" data-end=\"5496\">Standardy testowe:<\/strong> IEC 61643-31 okre\u015bla wymagania dla zastosowa\u0144 pr\u0105du sta\u0142ego.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5556\" data-end=\"5647\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5558\" data-end=\"5647\"><strong data-start=\"5558\" data-end=\"5581\">Punkt instalacji:<\/strong> Skrzynki \u0142\u0105cz\u0105ce panele fotowoltaiczne, falowniki i tablice rozdzielcze pr\u0105du sta\u0142ego.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5648\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5650\" data-end=\"5671\"><strong data-start=\"5650\" data-end=\"5669\">Kluczowe parametry:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5674\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5674\" data-end=\"5740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5676\" data-end=\"5740\">Ucpv: znamionowe ci\u0105g\u0142e napi\u0119cie fotowoltaiczne (600 V, 1000 V, 1500 V).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5743\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5745\" data-end=\"5796\">In \/ Imax: obs\u0142uga pr\u0105du udarowego po stronie DC.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5801\" data-end=\"5876\">Czas reakcji: musi by\u0107 wystarczaj\u0105co szybki dla falownik\u00f3w p\u00f3\u0142przewodnikowych.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5877\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5879\" data-end=\"5895\"><strong data-start=\"5879\" data-end=\"5893\">Przypadki u\u017cycia:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5898\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5898\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5900\" data-end=\"5976\">Farmy fotowoltaiczne na skal\u0119 u\u017cytkow\u0105, systemy fotowoltaiczne na dachach, magazyny akumulator\u00f3w.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5977\" data-end=\"6082\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5979\" data-end=\"6082\"><strong data-start=\"5979\" data-end=\"5991\">Przyk\u0142ad:<\/strong> Potrzebna b\u0119dzie farma fotowoltaiczna 1500 VDC <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/product_category\/pv-surge-protection-type-1-type-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"6024\" data-end=\"6041\">SPD fotowoltaiczne T1+T2<\/strong><\/a> w skrzynkach przy\u0142\u0105czeniowych i wej\u015bciach falownika.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"6089\" data-end=\"6304\"><strong data-start=\"6091\" data-end=\"6115\">Pro wskaz\u00f3wka dla czytelnik\u00f3w:<\/strong> Zawsze u\u017cywaj A <em data-start=\"6129\" data-end=\"6153\">skoordynowany system SPD<\/em>. Typ 1 przy wej\u015bciu, Typ 2 przy podpanelach i Typ 3 w pobli\u017cu obci\u0105\u017ce\u0144 krytycznych. W przypadku fotowoltaiki doda\u0107 SPD typu 2 lub T1+T2 DC zgodnie z norm\u0105 IEC 61643-31.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"3151\" data-end=\"3197\">5. Urz\u0105dzenia SPD typu 1, typu 2 i typu 3<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"3199\" data-end=\"3436\">Je\u015bli chcesz g\u0142\u0119biej nurkowa\u0107, sprawd\u017a nasz dedykowany blog na ten temat tutaj:<br data-start=\"3270\" data-end=\"3273\" \/><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/blog\/difference-between-type-1-type-2-and-type-3-surge-protective-devices\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3434\"><em><strong>R\u00f3\u017cnica mi\u0119dzy SPD typu 1, typu 2 i typu 3<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3504\">Oto kr\u00f3tkie por\u00f3wnanie, kt\u00f3re pomo\u017ce Ci wybra\u0107 odpowiedni typ SPD:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th>Atrybut<\/th>\r\n<th><strong>SPD typu 1<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th><strong>SPD typu 2<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th><strong>SPD typu 3<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Testowany standard<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 klasa I (10\/350 \u00b5s) + podw\u00f3jna warto\u015b\u0107 znamionowa UL typ 1\/2<\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 klasa II (8\/20 \u00b5s) + UL typ 2<\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 klasa III (fala kombinowana) + UL typ 3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Typowa lokalizacja<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Wej\u015bcie serwisowe \/ Rozdzielnica g\u0142\u00f3wna<\/td>\r\n<td>Wewn\u0105trz tablic rozdzielczych\/podpaneli<\/td>\r\n<td>W promieniu 1 m od obci\u0105\u017ce\u0144 krytycznych (komputery, sterowniki, sprz\u0119t medyczny)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Funkcja podstawowa<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Obs\u0142uguj bezpo\u015bredni pr\u0105d piorunowy; chroni\u0107 wej\u015bcie do budynku<\/td>\r\n<td>Radzenie sobie z przepi\u0119ciami modu\u0142owymi wynikaj\u0105cymi z prze\u0142\u0105czania, \u0142uk\u00f3w zwarciowych itp.<\/td>\r\n<td>T\u0142umi energi\u0119 resztkow\u0105 wra\u017cliwej elektroniki.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Fokus na parametry<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Wysoka impedancja; Uc \u2265 napi\u0119cie systemowe; Koordynacja w g\u00f3r\u0119<\/td>\r\n<td>W Imax, kaskadowanie w g\u00f3r\u0119 z SPD upstream\/downstream<\/td>\r\n<td>Bardzo niski; precyzyjne mocowanie w celu ochrony wra\u017cliwych \u0142adunk\u00f3w<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Uwaga dotycz\u0105ca instalacji<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Wymaga du\u017cego okablowania (\u226516 mm\u00b2); mo\u017cna zainstalowa\u0107 bez wcze\u015bniejszego OCPD; musi by\u0107 skoordynowany z typem 2<\/td>\r\n<td>Wymaga zabezpieczenia nadpr\u0105dowego poprzedzaj\u0105cego; okablowanie \u22656 mm\u00b2<\/td>\r\n<td>Bardzo blisko za\u0142adowania; dodatek do typu upstream 2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Przypadki u\u017cycia<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Budynki z LPS, wysokie konstrukcje i strefy z wysokim o\u015bwietleniem<\/td>\r\n<td>Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 dom\u00f3w, obiekt\u00f3w komercyjnych i podpaneli przemys\u0142owych<\/td>\r\n<td>Klastry PC, stojaki PLC, systemy LED\/medyczne<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h4 data-start=\"1155\" data-end=\"1168\">Przegl\u0105d<\/h4>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1421\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1258\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1258\"><strong data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1200\">SPD typu 1<\/strong> wytrzymuj\u0105 bezpo\u015brednie uderzenia pioruna o wysokiej energii (10\/350 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1259\" data-end=\"1334\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1261\" data-end=\"1334\"><strong data-start=\"1261\" data-end=\"1276\">SPD typu 2<\/strong> ograniczaj\u0105 przepi\u0119cia prze\u0142\u0105czaj\u0105ce i uderzenia po\u015brednie (8\/20 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1335\" data-end=\"1421\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1337\" data-end=\"1421\"><strong data-start=\"1337\" data-end=\"1352\">SPD typu 3<\/strong> chro\u0144 wra\u017cliwy sprz\u0119t na ostatniej mili (przebieg kombinowany).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"185\" data-end=\"253\">6. Jak instalowa\u0107 i koordynowa\u0107 urz\u0105dzenia przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowe (SPD)<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"255\" data-end=\"619\">Prawid\u0142owa instalacja jest tak samo wa\u017cna, jak wyb\u00f3r odpowiedniego typu urz\u0105dze\u0144 przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowych (SPD). Niew\u0142a\u015bciwe okablowanie lub s\u0142aba koordynacja mog\u0105 obni\u017cy\u0107 poziom ochrony, nawet je\u015bli sam SPD spe\u0142nia standardy IEC lub UL. W oparciu o normy IEC 61643-11, IEC 61643-31, UL 1449 i wytyczne in\u017cynieryjne naszej firmy, oto najwa\u017cniejsze najlepsze praktyki:<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"255\" data-end=\"619\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/attachment\/spds-install\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2167\"><img class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-2167\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/SPDs-install-1024x726.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"726\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"621\" data-end=\"654\">1. Zasada najkr\u00f3tszego po\u0142\u0105czenia<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"917\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"789\">\r\n<p data-start=\"657\" data-end=\"789\">Wszystkie przewody \u0142\u0105cz\u0105ce SPD powinny by\u0107 mo\u017cliwie kr\u00f3tkie i proste, najlepiej \u2264 0,5 m (zgodnie z zaleceniami zawartymi w naszej instrukcji technicznej).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"790\" data-end=\"917\">\r\n<p data-start=\"792\" data-end=\"917\">D\u0142ugie przewody wprowadzaj\u0105 indukcyjny wzrost napi\u0119cia, co zwi\u0119ksza napi\u0119cie szcz\u0105tkowe (Up) widziane przez chroniony sprz\u0119t.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"919\" data-end=\"950\">2. Prawid\u0142owy rozmiar przewodu<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"951\" data-end=\"1317\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"951\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n<p data-start=\"953\" data-end=\"1002\">Stosowa\u0107 przewody o wymiarach zgodnych z typem SPD:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1089\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1089\"><strong data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1022\">SPD typu 1:<\/strong> mied\u017a minimum 16 mm\u00b2 (wysokoenergetyczny pr\u0105d piorunowy, Iimp).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1092\" data-end=\"1137\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1137\"><strong data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1109\">SPD typu 2:<\/strong> mied\u017a o minimalnej grubo\u015bci 6 mm\u00b2.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1242\"><strong data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1157\">SPD typu 3:<\/strong> post\u0119puj zgodnie z danymi producenta, zazwyczaj mniejsze przekroje ze wzgl\u0119du na ni\u017cszy pr\u0105d.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1243\" data-end=\"1317\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1245\" data-end=\"1317\">Zawsze u\u017cywaj przewod\u00f3w miedzianych o niskiej impedancji i unikaj ostrych zagi\u0119\u0107.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1319\" data-end=\"1349\">3. Po\u0142\u0105czenie wyr\u00f3wnawcze<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1447\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1352\" data-end=\"1447\">Wszystkie urz\u0105dzenia SPD musz\u0105 by\u0107 pod\u0142\u0105czone do tej samej g\u0142\u00f3wnej szyny uziemiaj\u0105cej lub systemu po\u0142\u0105cze\u0144 wyr\u00f3wnawczych.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1450\" data-end=\"1571\">Klejenie zapewnia bezpieczne odprowadzanie energii udarowej do uziemienia, unikaj\u0105c niebezpiecznych r\u00f3\u017cnic potencja\u0142\u00f3w mi\u0119dzy obwodami.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1573\" data-end=\"1598\">4. Koordynacja SPD<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1599\" data-end=\"2069\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1599\" data-end=\"1738\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1601\" data-end=\"1738\">Hierarchia poziomu ochrony napi\u0119ciowej (g\u00f3rnej): SPD upstream (typ 1) powinna zawsze mie\u0107 wy\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 SPD g\u00f3ra ni\u017c SPD downstream (typ 2\/3).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1739\" data-end=\"1907\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1741\" data-end=\"1907\">Zasada odleg\u0142o\u015bci: Je\u015bli kabel pomi\u0119dzy SPD a chronionymi obci\u0105\u017ceniami jest d\u0142u\u017cszy ni\u017c 10 m, zainstaluj dodatkowy SPD na odp\u0142ywie (np. Typ 3) dla lepszej ochrony.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1908\" data-end=\"2069\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1910\" data-end=\"2069\">Koordynacja r\u00f3wnoleg\u0142a: W przypadku ochrony wielostopniowej (typ 1 + typ 2 + typ 3) nale\u017cy zapewni\u0107 odpowiedni\u0105 dystrybucj\u0119 energii, aby \u017cadne pojedyncze urz\u0105dzenie nie by\u0142o nadmiernie obci\u0105\u017cone.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2071\" data-end=\"2105\">5. Ochrona zapasowa (OCPD)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2106\" data-end=\"2388\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2106\" data-end=\"2187\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2108\" data-end=\"2187\">Zawsze u\u017cywaj dedykowanych bezpiecznik\u00f3w lub wy\u0142\u0105cznik\u00f3w automatycznych w celu ochrony samego SPD.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2188\" data-end=\"2271\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2190\" data-end=\"2271\">Nasza instrukcja okre\u015bla parametry bezpiecznik\u00f3w rezerwowych w zale\u017cno\u015bci od modelu SPD i Imax\/Iimp.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2272\" data-end=\"2388\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2274\" data-end=\"2388\">Norma UL 1449 wymaga r\u00f3wnie\u017c odpowiedniego zabezpieczenia nadpr\u0105dowego, aby zapobiec przegrzaniu lub awarii SPD podczas ekstremalnych zdarze\u0144.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2660\"><strong data-start=\"2397\" data-end=\"2409\">Wskaz\u00f3wka dla profesjonalist\u00f3w:<\/strong> Zawsze sprawdzaj zgodno\u015b\u0107 z <strong data-start=\"2440\" data-end=\"2521\">IEC 61643-11 (SPD AC), IEC 61643-31 (SPD PV\/DC), <\/strong>lub UL 1449 (Ameryka P\u00f3\u0142nocna) w zale\u017cno\u015bci od regionu. Prawid\u0142owa instalacja i koordynacja maksymalizuj\u0105 \u017cywotno\u015b\u0107 SPD i zapewniaj\u0105 bezpiecze\u0144stwo ca\u0142ego uk\u0142adu elektrycznego.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"6325\" data-end=\"6343\">7. Wniosek<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"6344\" data-end=\"6467\">Rodzaje urz\u0105dze\u0144 przeciwprzepi\u0119ciowych nie s\u0105 zamienne \u2013 ka\u017cdy z nich odgrywa wyj\u0105tkow\u0105 rol\u0119 w ochronie system\u00f3w elektrycznych.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"6468\" data-end=\"6720\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6468\" data-end=\"6524\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6470\" data-end=\"6524\"><strong data-start=\"6470\" data-end=\"6480\">Typ 1<\/strong> chroni przed bezpo\u015brednimi uderzeniami piorun\u00f3w.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6525\" data-end=\"6581\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6527\" data-end=\"6581\"><strong data-start=\"6527\" data-end=\"6537\">Typ 2<\/strong> jest koniem poci\u0105gowym dla tablic rozdzielczych.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6582\" data-end=\"6638\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6584\" data-end=\"6638\"><strong data-start=\"6584\" data-end=\"6594\">Typ 3<\/strong> chroni najbardziej wra\u017cliw\u0105 elektronik\u0119.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6639\" data-end=\"6720\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6641\" data-end=\"6720\"><strong data-start=\"6641\" data-end=\"6672\">Kombinacje i SPD PV\/DC<\/strong> obejmuj\u0105 zastosowania specjalistyczne i odnawialne.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"6722\" data-end=\"6892\">Rozumiej\u0105c typy SPD, ich standardy i zasady instalacji, mo\u017cna zaprojektowa\u0107 warstwow\u0105 ochron\u0119, kt\u00f3ra zapewni bezpiecze\u0144stwo, minimalizuje przestoje i chroni inwestycje.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":2160,"parent":0,"menu_order":125,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[9],"class_list":["post-2163","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-industry-news"],"acf":{"des":"Discover the different Types of Surge Protection Devices (SPDs) \u2014 Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, combo units, and PV\/DC solutions. Backed by IEC and UL standards, this guide explains how each SPD works, where to install it, and how to coordinate them for reliable protection of homes, businesses, and solar systems.","txt":"<h2 data-start=\"384\" data-end=\"404\">1. Introduction<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"405\" data-end=\"685\">Power surges are silent killers in modern electrical systems. From residential electronics to industrial automation and solar plants, even a single transient overvoltage can cause downtime, costly repairs, or equipment failure. The solution? <strong data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"683\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Surge Protection Devices (SPDs)<\/a><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"952\">In this guide, we\u2019ll break down the different Types of Surge Protection Devices, explain how they work, and compare their applications. By the end, you\u2019ll know exactly which SPD types fit your system \u2014 whether it\u2019s a home, data center, or PV installation.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"959\" data-end=\"1001\">2. What Are Surge Protection Devices?<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1002\" data-end=\"1283\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong data-start=\"1004\" data-end=\"1037\">Surge Protection Device (SPD)<\/strong> <\/span><\/a>is a safety component installed in an electrical system to limit transient overvoltages caused by lightning strikes, switching events, or utility disturbances. It works by diverting surge energy safely to earth, protecting connected equipment.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1285\" data-end=\"1440\">Think of an SPD as a pressure-release valve: it doesn\u2019t stop the surge from happening, but it channels the excess energy away from sensitive electronics.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1285\" data-end=\"1440\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2160\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2160 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/BR-20-4P-1Type-2-Surge-Protection-Device.jpg-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Types of Surge Protection Devices\" width=\"705\" height=\"705\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1447\" data-end=\"1486\">3. How Does Surge Protection Work?<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1487\" data-end=\"1734\">SPDs rely on components such as Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs), Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs), and spark gaps. When voltage exceeds a safe threshold (Uc), the SPD switches into conduction mode, clamping the surge to a lower residual voltage (Up).<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1736\" data-end=\"1767\">Key parameters to understand:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"2141\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"1853\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1770\" data-end=\"1853\"><strong data-start=\"1770\" data-end=\"1816\">Uc (Maximum Continuous Operating Voltage):<\/strong> the normal voltage the SPD can handle.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1854\" data-end=\"1945\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1856\" data-end=\"1945\"><strong data-start=\"1856\" data-end=\"1890\">Up (Voltage Protection Level):<\/strong> clamping voltage that downstream devices will \u201csee.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1946\" data-end=\"2048\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"2048\"><strong data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"2000\">In \/ Imax (Nominal &amp; Maximum Discharge Current):<\/strong> how much surge current the device can absorb.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2049\" data-end=\"2141\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2051\" data-end=\"2141\"><strong data-start=\"2051\" data-end=\"2078\">Iimp (Impulse Current):<\/strong> specific to Type 1, representing lightning strike waveforms.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/attachment\/spd-install\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2159\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2159\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/SPD-install.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"745\" height=\"609\" \/><\/a>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"486\" data-end=\"527\">4. Types of Surge Protection Devices<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"529\" data-end=\"821\">Understanding SPD types is the key to designing layered surge protection. International standards such as <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/65314\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"639\" data-end=\"660\">IEC 61643-11 (AC)<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"662\" data-end=\"686\">IEC 61643-31 (DC\/PV)<\/strong><\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nemasurge.org\/ul-1449-transient-voltage-surge-suppressors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"692\" data-end=\"719\">UL 1449 (North America)<\/strong> <\/a>define different classes based on test waveforms, energy capability, and installation location.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"823\" data-end=\"975\">Below, we break down the different types of surge protection devices (SPDs) you\u2019ll encounter, with their technical roles and application guidance.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"982\" data-end=\"1038\">4.1 Type 1 SPDs (IEC 61643-11, Class I, 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1975\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1041\" data-end=\"1201\"><strong data-start=\"1041\" data-end=\"1056\">Definition:<\/strong> Designed to discharge partial lightning current. Tested with the 10\/350 \u00b5s impulse waveform (Iimp) representing a direct lightning strike.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1202\" data-end=\"1383\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1204\" data-end=\"1383\"><strong data-start=\"1204\" data-end=\"1227\">Installation Point:<\/strong> Service entrance, typically upstream of the main distribution board. Often used in buildings equipped with an external Lightning Protection System (LPS).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1384\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1386\" data-end=\"1407\"><strong data-start=\"1386\" data-end=\"1405\">Key Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1410\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1410\" data-end=\"1475\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1412\" data-end=\"1475\">Iimp (Impulse Current): rated lightning current capacity.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1478\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1480\" data-end=\"1571\">Uc (Maximum Continuous Operating Voltage): ensures no damage during normal operation.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1574\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1576\" data-end=\"1658\">Up (Voltage Protection Level): residual voltage seen by downstream circuits.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1659\" data-end=\"1731\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1731\"><strong data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1681\">Technology Used:<\/strong> Spark gaps, heavy-duty MOVs, or hybrid designs.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1750\"><strong data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1748\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1753\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1753\" data-end=\"1806\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1755\" data-end=\"1806\">Industrial facilities, telecom towers, hospitals.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1809\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1811\" data-end=\"1862\">Tall buildings in high lightning density regions.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1863\" data-end=\"1975\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1865\" data-end=\"1975\"><strong data-start=\"1865\" data-end=\"1877\">Example:<\/strong> A factory with rooftop lightning rods will require Type 1 SPDs at the main incoming supply.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1982\" data-end=\"2037\">4.2 Type 2 SPDs (IEC 61643-11, Class II, 8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2824\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2167\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2040\" data-end=\"2167\"><strong data-start=\"2040\" data-end=\"2055\">Definition:<\/strong> Handles switching surges and indirect lightning effects. Tested with 8\/20 \u00b5s current waveform (In, Imax).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2168\" data-end=\"2248\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2170\" data-end=\"2248\"><strong data-start=\"2170\" data-end=\"2193\">Installation Point:<\/strong> Main or sub-distribution boards inside the facility.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2249\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2251\" data-end=\"2272\"><strong data-start=\"2251\" data-end=\"2270\">Key Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2275\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2275\" data-end=\"2347\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2277\" data-end=\"2347\">In (Nominal Discharge Current): endurance under multiple surges.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2350\" data-end=\"2417\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2352\" data-end=\"2417\">Imax (Maximum Discharge Current): maximum surge capability.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2420\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2422\" data-end=\"2496\">Up: must coordinate with both upstream Type 1 and downstream Type 3.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2497\" data-end=\"2578\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2578\"><strong data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2519\">Technology Used:<\/strong> MOV-based modules, often pluggable for easy replacement.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2579\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2581\" data-end=\"2597\"><strong data-start=\"2581\" data-end=\"2595\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2600\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2600\" data-end=\"2655\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2602\" data-end=\"2655\">Residential homes, office buildings, retail stores.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2658\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2660\" data-end=\"2716\">Standard protection in areas with moderate surge risk.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2717\" data-end=\"2824\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2719\" data-end=\"2824\"><strong data-start=\"2719\" data-end=\"2731\">Example:<\/strong> A small office without external LPS would typically use Type 2 SPDs in the main board.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nWant a detailed breakdown? Read our full guide: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><strong data-start=\"1021\" data-end=\"1147\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/blog\/what-is-a-type-2-surge-protection-device\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1023\" data-end=\"1145\">What Is a Type 2 Surge Protection Device?<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2831\" data-end=\"2890\">4.3 Type 3 SPDs (IEC 61643-11, Class III, combo wave)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"3555\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"3022\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2893\" data-end=\"3022\"><strong data-start=\"2893\" data-end=\"2908\">Definition:<\/strong> Fine protection for terminal equipment. Tested with combination wave (1.2\/50 \u00b5s voltage + 8\/20 \u00b5s current).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3023\" data-end=\"3126\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3025\" data-end=\"3126\"><strong data-start=\"3025\" data-end=\"3048\">Installation Point:<\/strong> As close as possible to the protected device (socket outlet, device input).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3127\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3129\" data-end=\"3150\"><strong data-start=\"3129\" data-end=\"3148\">Key Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3155\" data-end=\"3216\">Up: very low clamping level to protect sensitive loads.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3219\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3221\" data-end=\"3273\">Must be used in coordination with upstream Type 2.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3274\" data-end=\"3348\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3348\"><strong data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3296\">Technology Used:<\/strong> MOVs combined with filters for extra attenuation.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3349\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3351\" data-end=\"3367\"><strong data-start=\"3351\" data-end=\"3365\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3370\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3370\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3372\" data-end=\"3435\">Computers, LED drivers, medical electronics, and control systems.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3436\" data-end=\"3555\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3555\"><strong data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3450\">Example:<\/strong> A hospital MRI machine requires Type 3 SPD near the device, working together with upstream Type 2.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nLearn more in our dedicated article: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><strong data-start=\"1474\" data-end=\"1584\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/blog\/what-is-a-type-3-surge-protector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1476\" data-end=\"1582\">What Is a Type 3 Surge Protector?<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3562\" data-end=\"3594\">4.4 T1+T2 Combination SPDs<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"3595\" data-end=\"4178\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3595\" data-end=\"3710\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3597\" data-end=\"3710\"><strong data-start=\"3597\" data-end=\"3612\">Definition:<\/strong> A single SPD unit tested for both Class I (10\/350 \u00b5s) and Class II (8\/20 \u00b5s) waveforms.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3711\" data-end=\"3804\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3713\" data-end=\"3804\"><strong data-start=\"3713\" data-end=\"3725\">Benefit:<\/strong> Protects against direct lightning as well as switching surges in one device.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3805\" data-end=\"3895\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3807\" data-end=\"3895\"><strong data-start=\"3807\" data-end=\"3830\">Installation Point:<\/strong> Service entrance when space or budget limits multiple devices.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3896\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3898\" data-end=\"3914\"><strong data-start=\"3898\" data-end=\"3912\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"3996\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3919\" data-end=\"3996\">Medium-sized commercial or residential buildings need compact solutions.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3999\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4001\" data-end=\"4076\">Sites where coordination between separate Type 1 and Type 2 is difficult.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4077\" data-end=\"4178\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4079\" data-end=\"4178\"><strong data-start=\"4079\" data-end=\"4091\">Example:<\/strong> A shopping mall's main switchboard may install a T1+T2 SPD to simplify protection.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4185\" data-end=\"4217\">4.5 T2+T3 Combination SPDs<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"4218\" data-end=\"4676\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4218\" data-end=\"4299\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4220\" data-end=\"4299\"><strong data-start=\"4220\" data-end=\"4235\">Definition:<\/strong> Hybrid devices are tested for Class II and Class III performance.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4300\" data-end=\"4374\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4302\" data-end=\"4374\"><strong data-start=\"4302\" data-end=\"4314\">Benefit:<\/strong> Provides both distribution-level and terminal protection.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4375\" data-end=\"4477\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4377\" data-end=\"4477\"><strong data-start=\"4377\" data-end=\"4400\">Installation Point:<\/strong> Sub-panels close to sensitive loads, especially if cable runs exceed 10 m.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4478\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4496\"><strong data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4494\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4499\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4499\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4501\" data-end=\"4559\">Data centers, server rooms, industrial control cabinets.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4560\" data-end=\"4676\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4562\" data-end=\"4676\"><strong data-start=\"4562\" data-end=\"4574\">Example:<\/strong> A factory automation line with long cable runs to PLCs can use a T2+T3 SPD near the PLC panels.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4683\" data-end=\"4734\">4.6 Type 4 SPDs (UL 1449, North America only)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"4735\" data-end=\"5324\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4735\" data-end=\"4856\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4737\" data-end=\"4856\"><strong data-start=\"4737\" data-end=\"4762\">Definition (UL 1449):<\/strong> Component assemblies not intended as stand-alone devices but integrated into OEM equipment.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4857\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4859\" data-end=\"4879\"><strong data-start=\"4859\" data-end=\"4877\">Subcategories:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4882\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4882\" data-end=\"4965\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4884\" data-end=\"4965\">Type 4 Component Assemblies (CA): pre-packaged SPD parts for manufacturers.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4968\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4970\" data-end=\"5012\">Type 5 Components: raw MOVs or GDTs.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5013\" data-end=\"5099\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5015\" data-end=\"5099\"><strong data-start=\"5015\" data-end=\"5038\">Installation Point:<\/strong> Inside appliances, power supplies, or custom-built panels.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5102\" data-end=\"5118\"><strong data-start=\"5102\" data-end=\"5116\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5121\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5121\" data-end=\"5166\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5123\" data-end=\"5166\">OEMs designing surge-protected equipment.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5169\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5171\" data-end=\"5230\">Specialized industrial gear in the North American market.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5231\" data-end=\"5324\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5233\" data-end=\"5324\"><strong data-start=\"5233\" data-end=\"5245\">Example:<\/strong> A UPS manufacturer integrates Type 4 SPD assemblies inside its products.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5331\" data-end=\"5382\">4.7 PV\/DC SPDs (IEC 61643-31, up to 1500 VDC)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5383\" data-end=\"6082\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5383\" data-end=\"5474\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5385\" data-end=\"5474\"><strong data-start=\"5385\" data-end=\"5400\">Definition:<\/strong> Surge protection devices designed for photovoltaic and DC circuits.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5475\" data-end=\"5555\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5477\" data-end=\"5555\"><strong data-start=\"5477\" data-end=\"5496\">Test Standards:<\/strong> IEC 61643-31 specifies requirements for DC applications.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5556\" data-end=\"5647\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5558\" data-end=\"5647\"><strong data-start=\"5558\" data-end=\"5581\">Installation Point:<\/strong> PV array combiner boxes, inverters, and DC distribution boards.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5648\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5650\" data-end=\"5671\"><strong data-start=\"5650\" data-end=\"5669\">Key Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5674\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5674\" data-end=\"5740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5676\" data-end=\"5740\">Ucpv: rated continuous PV voltage (600 V, 1000 V, 1500 V).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5743\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5745\" data-end=\"5796\">In \/ Imax: surge current handling on the DC side.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5801\" data-end=\"5876\">Response time: must be fast enough for semiconductor-based inverters.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5877\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5879\" data-end=\"5895\"><strong data-start=\"5879\" data-end=\"5893\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5898\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5898\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5900\" data-end=\"5976\">Utility-scale solar farms, rooftop PV systems, battery storage facilities.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5977\" data-end=\"6082\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5979\" data-end=\"6082\"><strong data-start=\"5979\" data-end=\"5991\">Example:<\/strong> A 1500 VDC solar farm will need <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product_category\/pv-surge-protection-type-1-type-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"6024\" data-end=\"6041\">T1+T2 PV SPDs<\/strong><\/a> at combiner boxes and inverter inputs.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"6089\" data-end=\"6304\"><strong data-start=\"6091\" data-end=\"6115\">Pro Tip for readers:<\/strong> Always use a <em data-start=\"6129\" data-end=\"6153\">coordinated SPD system<\/em>. Type 1 at the entrance, Type 2 at sub-panels, and Type 3 close to critical loads. For PV, add Type 2 or T1+T2 DC SPDs as specified by IEC 61643-31.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"3151\" data-end=\"3197\">5. Type 1 vs Type 2 vs Type 3 SPD Devices<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"3199\" data-end=\"3436\">If you want a deeper dive, check our dedicated blog on this topic here:<br data-start=\"3270\" data-end=\"3273\" \/><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/blog\/difference-between-type-1-type-2-and-type-3-surge-protective-devices\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3434\"><em><strong>Difference Between Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 SPDs<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3504\">Here\u2019s a quick comparison to help you choose the right SPD type:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th>Attribute<\/th>\r\n<th><strong>Type 1 SPD<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th><strong>Type 2 SPD<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th><strong>Type 3 SPD<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Tested Standard<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 Class I (10\/350 \u00b5s) + dual-rated UL Type 1\/2<\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 Class II (8\/20 \u00b5s) + UL Type 2<\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 Class III (combination wave) + UL Type 3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Typical Location<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Service entrance \/ Main switchboard<\/td>\r\n<td>Inside distribution boards\/sub-panels<\/td>\r\n<td>Within 1 m of critical loads (computers, drivers, medical gear)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Primary Function<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Handle direct lightning current; protect building entrance<\/td>\r\n<td>Handle modular surges from switching, fault arcs, etc.<\/td>\r\n<td>Suppress residual energy for sensitive electronics.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Parameter Focus<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>High impedance; Uc \u2265 system voltage; Up coordination<\/td>\r\n<td>In Imax, Up cascading with upstream\/downstream SPDs<\/td>\r\n<td>Ultra-low Up; precise clamping to protect sensitive loads<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Installation Note<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Needs large wiring (\u226516 mm\u00b2); can be installed without upstream OCPD; must be coordinated with Type 2<\/td>\r\n<td>Requires upstream overcurrent protection; wiring \u22656 mm\u00b2<\/td>\r\n<td>Very close to load; supplement to upstream Type 2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Use Cases<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Buildings with LPS, tall structures, and high lightning zones<\/td>\r\n<td>Most homes, commercial facilities, and industrial sub-panels<\/td>\r\n<td>PC clusters, PLC racks, LED\/medical systems<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h4 data-start=\"1155\" data-end=\"1168\">Overview<\/h4>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1421\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1258\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1258\"><strong data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1200\">Type 1 SPDs<\/strong> handle high-energy, direct lightning strokes (10\/350 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1259\" data-end=\"1334\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1261\" data-end=\"1334\"><strong data-start=\"1261\" data-end=\"1276\">Type 2 SPDs<\/strong> mitigate switching surges and indirect strikes (8\/20 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1335\" data-end=\"1421\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1337\" data-end=\"1421\"><strong data-start=\"1337\" data-end=\"1352\">Type 3 SPDs<\/strong> protect sensitive equipment at the last mile (combination waveform).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"185\" data-end=\"253\">6. How to Install and Coordinate Surge Protection Devices (SPD)<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"255\" data-end=\"619\">Correct installation is just as critical as selecting the right Types of Surge Protection Devices (SPD). Improper wiring or poor coordination can compromise protection levels, even if the SPD itself meets IEC or UL standards. Based on IEC 61643-11, IEC 61643-31, UL 1449, and our company\u2019s engineering guidelines, here are the key best practices:<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"255\" data-end=\"619\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/attachment\/spds-install\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2167\"><img class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-2167\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/SPDs-install-1024x726.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"726\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"621\" data-end=\"654\">1. Shortest Connection Rule<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"917\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"789\">\r\n<p data-start=\"657\" data-end=\"789\">Keep all SPD connecting leads as short and straight as possible, ideally \u2264 0.5 m (as recommended in our technical manual).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"790\" data-end=\"917\">\r\n<p data-start=\"792\" data-end=\"917\">Long leads introduce inductive voltage rise, which increases the residual voltage (Up) seen by the protected equipment.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"919\" data-end=\"950\">2. Correct Conductor Size<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"951\" data-end=\"1317\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"951\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n<p data-start=\"953\" data-end=\"1002\">Use conductors sized according to the SPD type:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1089\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1089\"><strong data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1022\">Type 1 SPD:<\/strong> minimum 16 mm\u00b2 copper (high-energy lightning current, Iimp).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1092\" data-end=\"1137\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1137\"><strong data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1109\">Type 2 SPD:<\/strong> minimum 6 mm\u00b2 copper.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1242\"><strong data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1157\">Type 3 SPD:<\/strong> follow the manufacturer\u2019s data, typically smaller cross-sections due to lower current.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1243\" data-end=\"1317\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1245\" data-end=\"1317\">Always use copper conductors with low impedance and avoid sharp bends.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1319\" data-end=\"1349\">3. Equipotential Bonding<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1447\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1352\" data-end=\"1447\">All SPDs must be connected to the same main earthing bar or equipotential bonding system.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1450\" data-end=\"1571\">Bonding ensures surge energy is safely discharged to ground, avoiding dangerous potential differences between circuits.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1573\" data-end=\"1598\">4. SPD Coordination<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1599\" data-end=\"2069\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1599\" data-end=\"1738\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1601\" data-end=\"1738\">Voltage Protection Level (Up) Hierarchy: Upstream SPDs (Type 1) should always have a higher Up than downstream SPDs (Type 2\/3).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1739\" data-end=\"1907\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1741\" data-end=\"1907\">Distance Rule: If the cable between SPDs and protected loads is longer than 10 m, install an additional downstream SPD (e.g., Type 3) for better protection.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1908\" data-end=\"2069\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1910\" data-end=\"2069\">Parallel Coordination: For multi-stage protection (Type 1 + Type 2 + Type 3), ensure proper energy distribution so that no single device is overstressed.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2071\" data-end=\"2105\">5. Back-Up Protection (OCPD)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2106\" data-end=\"2388\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2106\" data-end=\"2187\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2108\" data-end=\"2187\">Always use dedicated fuses or circuit breakers to protect the SPD itself.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2188\" data-end=\"2271\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2190\" data-end=\"2271\">Our manual specifies back-up fuse ratings depending on SPD model and Imax\/Iimp.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2272\" data-end=\"2388\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2274\" data-end=\"2388\">UL 1449 also requires proper overcurrent protection to prevent SPD overheating or failure during extreme events.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2660\"><strong data-start=\"2397\" data-end=\"2409\">Pro Tip:<\/strong> Always verify compliance with <strong data-start=\"2440\" data-end=\"2521\">IEC 61643-11 (AC SPDs), IEC 61643-31 (PV\/DC SPDs), <\/strong>or UL 1449 (North America) depending on your region. Correct installation and coordination maximize SPD lifetime and ensure safety of the entire electrical system.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"6325\" data-end=\"6343\">7. Conclusion<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"6344\" data-end=\"6467\">Types of Surge Protection Devices are not interchangeable \u2014 each plays a unique role in defending electrical systems.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"6468\" data-end=\"6720\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6468\" data-end=\"6524\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6470\" data-end=\"6524\"><strong data-start=\"6470\" data-end=\"6480\">Type 1<\/strong> shields against direct lightning strikes.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6525\" data-end=\"6581\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6527\" data-end=\"6581\"><strong data-start=\"6527\" data-end=\"6537\">Type 2<\/strong> is the workhorse for distribution boards.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6582\" data-end=\"6638\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6584\" data-end=\"6638\"><strong data-start=\"6584\" data-end=\"6594\">Type 3<\/strong> protects your most sensitive electronics.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6639\" data-end=\"6720\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6641\" data-end=\"6720\"><strong data-start=\"6641\" data-end=\"6672\">Combinations and PV\/DC SPDs<\/strong> cover specialized and renewable applications.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"6722\" data-end=\"6892\">By understanding SPD types, their standards, and installation rules, you can design a layered defense that ensures safety, minimizes downtime, and protects investments.<\/p>"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/2163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=2163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}