{"id":797,"date":"2023-12-19T16:31:05","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T08:31:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&p=797"},"modified":"2024-09-05T16:36:33","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T08:36:33","slug":"surge-protector-faq","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/id\/blog\/surge-protector-faq\/","title":{"rendered":"FAQ Pelindung Lonjakan Arus"},"content":{"rendered":"Apakah pelindung lonjakan arus bertahan selamanya?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nTidak, mereka tidak melakukannya. Setiap kali pelindung lonjakan arus mengalihkan lonjakan listrik dari peralatan Anda yang terhubung, struktur internal pelindung akan mengalami sedikit kerusakan. Seiring waktu, bagian pelindung lonjakan arus yang menjaga keamanan peralatan Anda yang terhubung akan berhenti berfungsi. Lamanya waktu yang dibutuhkan bergantung pada frekuensi dan kekuatan lonjakan listrik.\r\n\r\nApakah proteksi yang ada seperti MCB, ELCB dll tidak cukup untuk melindungi terhadap lonjakan arus?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nAll the existing protecting devices like MCB, ELCB etc. are current sensitive devices. They get activated based on a fault current. These devices are triggered when the fault current persists for duration of more than 3 to 20 milliseconds. However, the surge typically lasts for a few micro seconds only during which time it causes all the damage.\r\n\r\nHence the conventional devices like MCB, ELCB fuses etc. are not effective in protection against surges. In view of the above, special equipment called surge protection device which has a response time of two nanoseconds is required to be installed to protect against the surges.\r\n\r\nApa itu lonjakan listrik?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLonjakan listrik adalah lonjakan arus listrik yang mengalir melalui kabel-kabel rumah Anda. Bahan-bahan tersebut dapat merusak peralatan umum, perangkat elektronik AV yang sensitif, dan peralatan komputer.\r\n\r\nApa saja teknologi berbeda yang digunakan dalam SPD?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nBeberapa teknologi populer yang digunakan dalam SPD adalah sebagai berikut:\r\n
    \r\n \t
  1. i) Tabung pelepasan gas<\/li>\r\n \t
  2. ii) Varistor oksida logam<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\niii) Kesenjangan percikan\r\n
      \r\n \t
    1. iv) Dioda zener<\/li>\r\n \t
    2. v) Dioda Silicon Avalanche<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nDi antaranya, tabung pelepasan gas, varistor oksida logam, dan celah percikan adalah jenis arester surja yang paling populer.\r\n\r\nApa yang menyebabkan lonjakan listrik?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSebagian besar lonjakan listrik berasal dari dalam rumah Anda. Lonjakan listrik disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk cuaca buruk, kabel listrik yang rusak atau rusak, atau perangkat listrik berdaya tinggi yang menyala dan mati secara tiba-tiba seperti AC atau motor listrik besar.\r\n\r\nApakah peringkat SPD dipilih tergantung pada arus saluran?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nUmumnya SPD yang dipasang pada rangkaian Daya listrik dihubungkan secara paralel sehingga tidak bergantung pada arus beban (saluran).\r\n\r\nMengapa khawatir tentang lonjakan listrik?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLonjakan listrik yang kuat dapat mematikan peralatan rumah Anda dalam sekejap. Selain lonjakan yang disebabkan oleh badai, rata-rata rumah dapat mengalami beberapa kali lonjakan \u201ctersembunyi\u201d dalam sehari dari berbagai sumber lainnya. Lonjakan yang lebih kecil ini menyebabkan kerusakan kumulatif pada perangkat elektronik, memperpendek umur perangkat, dan pada akhirnya menyebabkan kegagalan perangkat.\r\n\r\nBagaimana cara menentukan jenis SPD yang akan dipasang di lokasi tertentu?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nPemilihan SPD di lokasi tertentu bergantung pada:\r\n
        \r\n \t
      1. a) Topografi lokasi ditinjau dari sambaran petir.<\/li>\r\n \t
      2. b) Kerentanan terhadap lonjakan peralihan dalam hal kedekatan dengan beban besar \/ terhubung ke pengumpan pedesaan, dll.<\/li>\r\n \t
      3. c) Sensitivitas peralatan yang terhubung ke sirkuit.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nNormally SPDs with Class-B & C are installed at the main panels and SPDs with Class-C rate are installed at the sub panels. The ratings for class-B, SPDs shall be a minimum of 12.5 KA Iimp.\r\n\r\nFor the Class-C (Imax. rating), it should be, a minimum of 40 kA at the sub panels.\r\n\r\nFor the Class-D SPDs which are installed near sensitive equipment, the criteria shall be the residual voltage or the protection level which should be lower than the temporary over voltage withstanding capacity of the protected equipment.\r\n\r\nApa fungsi pelindung lonjakan arus?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nPelindung lonjakan arus melindungi elektronik dari efek berbahaya dari lonjakan listrik dan lonjakan tegangan. Pelindung lonjakan arus dapat menyerap dan menghilangkan kekuatan lonjakan arus sehingga peralatan yang terhubung terlindung dari lonjakan arus.\r\n\r\nBagaimana cara mengetahui SPD yang diinstal berfungsi?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nKarena SPD selalu dihubungkan secara paralel dengan rangkaian listrik, selama pengoperasian normal tidak mungkin untuk mengetahui apakah SPD dalam kondisi berfungsi atau tidak. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya indikasi lokal dan jarak jauh dengan menggunakan kontak listrik untuk mengetahui dan memantau kesehatan SPD.\r\n\r\nApakah perlu adanya landasan terpisah untuk SPD?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nTidak perlu memiliki landasan terpisah atau khusus untuk SPD. SPD harus selalu terhubung ke jaringan bumi umum.\r\n\r\nApakah sistem pembumian yang baik diperlukan agar SPD dapat bekerja secara efisien?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSemua SPD bekerja dengan mengalihkan kelebihan energi ke tanah. Oleh karena itu, sistem pembumian yang terhubung ke SPD harus berada dalam kondisi kerja yang efisien sehingga arus lonjakan dapat mengalir ke bumi tanpa hambatan.\r\n\r\nApakah SPD tersedia untuk aplikasi selain sirkuit listrik seperti saluran telepon, saluran data, dll.?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSPD tentu tersedia untuk setiap rangkaian seperti saluran telepon, saluran data, saluran Ethernet, saluran sinyal, dll. Di semua rangkaian ini, SPD dihubungkan secara seri.\r\n\r\nApakah SPD primer saja sudah cukup untuk melindungi peralatan?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nTidak, dari fasilitas kecil hingga fasilitas besar, biasanya perlu mengadopsi pendekatan berjenjang atau berlapis di mana proteksi primer dipasang pada panel pintu masuk layanan, dan proteksi sekunder pada panel cabang. Setiap fasilitas memerlukan analisis individual untuk menentukan perlindungan yang tepat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan peralatan yang digunakan. Bahkan mungkin perlu untuk menyertakan SPD titik penggunaan tambahan jika peralatan ini terletak agak jauh dari panel pemasok. Pendekatan berjenjangdirekomendasikan oleh IEEE dan jenis pendekatan ini akan memberikan perlindungan lonjakan arus yang paling efektif di seluruh fasilitas. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang tempat menerapkan SPD, pilih jenis lingkungan yang Anda minati: industri, komersial, atau perumahan.\r\n\r\nMengapa saya memerlukan SPD padahal saya sudah memiliki trafo isolasi?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nTrafo isolasi memberikan penolakan mode kommonal yang sangat baik tetapi tidak memberikan penolakan mode diferensial (normal) yang baik. Dengan kata lain, lonjakan yang terjadi secara merata pada konduktor saluran (L) dan netral (N) akan mengalami penolakan oleh transformator isolasi, sedangkan lonjakan yang muncul secara berbeda antara konduktor L dan N akan melewati transformator. Juga, perlu diingat bahwa sebagian besar transien dihasilkan oleh beban di dalam fasilitas, di sisi bebannyatransformator. Untuk meminimalkan efek transien yang dihasilkan secara internal dari satu peralatan ke peralatan lainnya, SPD harus ditempatkan.","protected":false},"featured_media":798,"parent":0,"menu_order":176,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[8],"class_list":["post-797","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-company-news"],"acf":{"des":"Do surge protectors last forever?No, they do not. Each time a surge protector reroutes a power surge away from your connected equipment, the internal structure of the protector takes a little bit of damage.","txt":"Do surge protectors last forever?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nNo, they do not. Each time a surge protector reroutes a power surge away from your connected equipment, the internal structure of the protector takes a little bit of damage. Over time the parts of the surge protector that keep your connected equipment safe simply stop working. How long this takes depends on the frequency and strength of power surges.\r\n\r\nAre the existing protections like MCB, ELCB etc. not sufficient to protect against surges?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nAll the existing protecting devices like MCB, ELCB etc. are current sensitive devices. They get activated based on a fault current. These devices are triggered when the fault current persists for duration of more than 3 to 20 milliseconds. However, the surge typically lasts for a few micro seconds only during which time it causes all the damage.\r\n\r\nHence the conventional devices like MCB, ELCB fuses etc. are not effective in protection against surges. In view of the above, special equipment called surge protection device which has a response time of two nanoseconds is required to be installed to protect against the surges.\r\n\r\nWhat is a power surge?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nA power surge is a spike in the electrical current flowing through the wires of your house. They can damage common appliances, sensitive AV electronics and computer equipment.\r\n\r\nWhat are the different technologies used in SPDs?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSome of the popular technologies used in SPDs are the following:\r\n
          \r\n \t
        1. i) Gas discharge tubes<\/li>\r\n \t
        2. ii) Metal oxide varistors<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\niii) Spark gap\r\n
            \r\n \t
          1. iv) Zener diode<\/li>\r\n \t
          2. v) Silicon Avalanche diodes<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nAmong these, gas discharge tubes, metal oxide varistors and spark gap are the most popular types of surge arresters.\r\n\r\nWhat causes a power surge?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nMost power surges stem from inside your home. Power surges are caused by many different factors, including severe weather, faulty or damaged electric wiring or the sudden turning on and off of a high power electrical device like an air conditioner or large electric motor.\r\n\r\nAre the SPDs ratings to be selected depending on the line current?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nGenerally, the SPDs installed on the electrical Power circuit are connected in parallel and hence will be independent of load (line) current.\r\n\r\nWhy worry about power surges?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nStrong power surges can wipe out your home equipment in an instant. In addition to surges caused by storms, the average home can experience multiple \u201chidden\u201d surges a day from other various sources. These smaller surges cause cumulative damage to electronics, shortening their life and eventually causing them to fail.\r\n\r\nHow to determine what types of SPDs are to be installed at a given location?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe selection of SPDs at a given location depends on:\r\n
              \r\n \t
            1. a) The topography of the location in terms of lightning strikes.<\/li>\r\n \t
            2. b) Susceptibility to switching surges in terms of proximity to large loads \/ connected to rural feeder etc.<\/li>\r\n \t
            3. c) Sensitivity of the equipment connected to the circuit.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nNormally SPDs with Class-B & C are installed at the main panels and SPDs with Class-C rate are installed at the sub panels. The ratings for class-B, SPDs shall be a minimum of 12.5 KA Iimp.\r\n\r\nFor the Class-C (Imax. rating), it should be, a minimum of 40 kA at the sub panels.\r\n\r\nFor the Class-D SPDs which are installed near sensitive equipment, the criteria shall be the residual voltage or the protection level which should be lower than the temporary over voltage withstanding capacity of the protected equipment.\r\n\r\nWhat does a surge protector do?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nA surge protector safeguards electronics from the harmful effects of power surges and voltage spikes. Surge protectors can absorb and dissipate the power of a surge so that connected equipment is shielded from the surge.\r\n\r\nHow does one know the SPD installed is working?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSince the SPDs are always connected in parallel to the electrical circuit, during the normal course it is not possible to know whether they are in working condition or not. Hence it is necessary to have a local and remote indication using electrical contact in order to know and monitor the healthiness of the SPD.\r\n\r\nIs it necessary for having separate grounding for SPDs?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nIt is not necessary to have a separate or dedicated grounding for SPDs. The SPDs should always be connected to the general earth grid.\r\n\r\nIs a good earthing system necessary for efficient working of the SPD?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nAll SPDs work by diverting the excess energy to the ground. Hence it is imperative that the earthing system connected to the SPD must be in efficient working condition so that the surge current can flow to the earth without any hindrance.\r\n\r\nAre SPDs available for applications other than the electrical circuit like telephone lines, data lines etc.?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSPDs are certainly available for every circuit like telephone lines, data lines, Ethernet lines, signal lines etc. In all these circuits SPDs are connected in series.\r\n\r\nAre primary SPDs alone sufficient for equipment protection?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nNo, from a small facility to a large facility, it is usually necessary to adopt a cascaded or layered approach where primary protection is installed at the service entrance panel, and secondary protection at branch panels. Each facility requires individual analysis to determine the right protection to meet the needs of the equipment being used. It can even be necessary to include additional point-of-use SPDs if this equipment is located some distance from the supplying panel. A cascaded approach is recommended by the IEEE and this type of approach will provide the most effective surge protection throughout a facility. For more information on where to apply SPDs, select the type of environment you\u2019re interested in: industrial, commercial, or residential.\r\n\r\nWhy do I need an SPD when I already have an isolation transformer?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nIsolation transformers provide very good common mode rejection but do not provide good differential (normal) mode rejection. In other words, a surge superimposed equally on both the line (L) and neutral (N) conductors will see rejection by the isolation transformer, while a surge appearing differentially between the L and N conductors will pass through the transformer. Also, keep in mind the majority of transients are being generated by the loads within the facility, on the load side of these transformers. To minimize the effects of these internally generated transients from one piece of equipment to another an SPD should be placed."},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/798"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}