{"id":784,"date":"2023-12-19T15:48:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T07:48:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=784"},"modified":"2025-05-26T14:38:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T06:38:24","slug":"classification-of-spds","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/hu\/blog\/classification-of-spds\/","title":{"rendered":"Az SPD-k oszt\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sa"},"content":{"rendered":"A t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9gv\u00e9d\u0151 eszk\u00f6z (SPD) megv\u00e9di az elektromos rendszereket \u00e9s berendez\u00e9seket a t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g-esem\u00e9nyekt\u0151l az\u00e1ltal, hogy korl\u00e1tozza a tranziens fesz\u00fclts\u00e9geket \u00e9s elt\u00e9r\u00edti a t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9get.\r\n<h2><strong>Az SPD fontos m\u0171szaki jellemz\u0151i:<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<ul data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"566\">\r\n<p data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"566\">Maxim\u00e1lis folyamatos \u00fczemi fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"607\">\r\n<p data-start=\"569\" data-end=\"607\">Vill\u00e1m impulzus \u00e1ram (Iimp)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"646\">\r\n<p data-start=\"610\" data-end=\"646\">N\u00e9vleges kis\u00fcl\u00e9si \u00e1ram (I)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"684\">\r\n<p data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"684\">Fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gv\u00e9delmi szint (Fel)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"735\">\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"735\">R\u00f6vidz\u00e1rlat\u00e1ll\u00f3 k\u00e9pess\u00e9g (Isccr)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"792\">\r\n<p data-start=\"738\" data-end=\"792\">Szabadonfut\u00f3 megszak\u00edt\u00e1si k\u00e9pess\u00e9g az Uc-n\u00e9l (Ifi)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n<p data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"826\">Tranziens t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g (TOV)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"828\" data-end=\"1016\">Ezek a param\u00e9terek hat\u00e1rozz\u00e1k meg az SPD teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u00e9t k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 hiba\u00e1llapotok eset\u00e9n, \u00e9s gondosan hozz\u00e1 kell igaz\u00edtani \u0151ket a rendszer fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\u00e9hez, telep\u00edt\u00e9si pontj\u00e1hoz \u00e9s a v\u00e1rhat\u00f3 t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g-k\u00f6rnyezethez.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>SPD kateg\u00f3ri\u00e1k vagy t\u00edpusok<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1055\" data-end=\"1156\">Az SPD-ket \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban bels\u0151 m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si elvek \u00e9s szabv\u00e1nyos vizsg\u00e1lati m\u00f3dszerek alapj\u00e1n oszt\u00e1lyozz\u00e1k.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1158\" data-end=\"1187\"><strong data-start=\"1162\" data-end=\"1187\">A komponensek viselked\u00e9se szerint<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1220\">Az SPD k\u00e9t f\u0151 t\u00edpusa:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1257\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1257\">Fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gkorl\u00e1toz\u00f3 alkatr\u00e9szek<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1258\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1292\">Fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gkapcsol\u00f3 alkatr\u00e9szek<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1294\" data-end=\"1417\">A legt\u00f6bb modern SPD mindk\u00e9t alkatr\u00e9szt\u00edpust tartalmazza, hogy egyes\u00edts\u00e9k mindegyik el\u0151nyeit \u00e9s cs\u00f6kkents\u00e9k a megfelel\u0151 gyenges\u00e9geiket.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1419\" data-end=\"1461\">A fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gkorl\u00e1toz\u00f3 alkatr\u00e9szek a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1494\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1494\">F\u00e9moxid-varisztorok (MOV-k)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1497\" data-end=\"1539\">Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) di\u00f3d\u00e1k<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1584\">A fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gkapcsol\u00f3 alkatr\u00e9szek a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1587\" data-end=\"1615\">G\u00e1zkis\u00fcl\u00e9si cs\u00f6vek (GDT)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1616\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1618\" data-end=\"1628\">Szikrak\u00f6z\u00f6k<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1725\">Ezek az alkatr\u00e9szek v\u00e1laszsebess\u00e9g\u00fckben, energiakezel\u00e9si k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00fckben \u00e9s \u00f6reged\u00e9si jellemz\u0151ikben k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6znek egym\u00e1st\u00f3l.<\/p>\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-17918 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png 570w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-400x247.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-150x93.png 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"352\" \/>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1770\"><strong data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1770\">SPD oszt\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s szabv\u00e1nyok szerint<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1941\">Az ANSI\/IEEE C62.41, az IEC 61643-11 \u00e9s a VDE oszt\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s szerint h\u00e1rom szabv\u00e1nyos SPD-t\u00edpus l\u00e9tezik a tesztelt hull\u00e1mforma \u00e9s az alkalmaz\u00e1si szint alapj\u00e1n.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1943\" data-end=\"1961\"><strong data-start=\"1947\" data-end=\"1961\">1. t\u00edpus\u00fa SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/hu\/product\/brpv3-1000-12-5vg-1000v-12-5ka-type-12-pv-class-i-class-ii-spd\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2104\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2104\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/PV-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"1-es t\u00edpus\u00fa t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g-v\u00e9delmi eszk\u00f6z\" width=\"742\" height=\"742\" \/><\/a>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2035\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1965\" data-end=\"2035\">Impulzus kis\u00fcl\u00e9si \u00e1rammal tesztelve Iimp (tipikusan 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2036\" data-end=\"2085\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2085\">8\/20 \u00b5s \u00e1ramimpulzusokkal is tesztelve<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2086\" data-end=\"2139\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2088\" data-end=\"2139\">Szervizbej\u00e1rathoz val\u00f3 felszerel\u00e9sre tervezt\u00e9k<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2140\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2210\">V\u00e9delmet ny\u00fajt az egyen\u00e1ram \u00e9s a nagy energi\u00e1j\u00fa t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g ellen<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2212\" data-end=\"2230\"><strong data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2230\">2. t\u00edpus\u00fa SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2290\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2234\" data-end=\"2290\">N\u00e9vleges kis\u00fcl\u00e9si \u00e1rammal tesztelve (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2291\" data-end=\"2362\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2293\" data-end=\"2362\">Opcion\u00e1lisan tesztelve maxim\u00e1lis Imax kis\u00fcl\u00e9si \u00e1rammal (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2363\" data-end=\"2429\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2365\" data-end=\"2429\">Megjegyz\u00e9s: Az Imax haszn\u00e1lata nem aj\u00e1nlott az SPD kiv\u00e1laszt\u00e1s\u00e1nak alapj\u00e1ul<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2525\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2432\" data-end=\"2525\">Fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gkapcsol\u00f3 komponensekkel rendelkez\u0151 SPD-khez, 1,2\/50 \u00b5s fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gimpulzusokkal is tesztelve.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2526\" data-end=\"2586\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2528\" data-end=\"2586\">Aleloszt\u00f3 t\u00e1bl\u00e1kra vagy berendez\u00e9sek bemeneteire szerelve<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2587\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2589\" data-end=\"2651\">V\u00e9d a kapcsol\u00e1si t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g \u00e9s a k\u00f6zvetett vill\u00e1m ellen<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2671\"><strong data-start=\"2657\" data-end=\"2671\">3. t\u00edpus\u00fa SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2675\" data-end=\"2722\">Kombin\u00e1lt hull\u00e1mgener\u00e1torral tesztelve:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2765\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2727\" data-end=\"2765\">Nyitott \u00e1ramk\u00f6ri fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g Uoc (1,2\/50 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2768\" data-end=\"2807\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2770\" data-end=\"2807\">R\u00f6vidz\u00e1rlati \u00e1ram Icw (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2810\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2812\" data-end=\"2843\">N\u00e9vleges kimeneti impedancia: 2 \u03a9<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2844\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2846\" data-end=\"2913\">\u00c9rz\u00e9keny v\u00e9gberendez\u00e9sek k\u00f6zel\u00e9be telep\u00edtve a finom v\u00e9delem \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"2920\" data-end=\"2960\"><strong data-start=\"2923\" data-end=\"2960\">SPD alkalmaz\u00e1sok az energiaell\u00e1t\u00f3 rendszerekben<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"2962\" data-end=\"3069\">Az SPD-ket v\u00e1lt\u00f3\u00e1ram\u00fa \u00e9s egyen\u00e1ram\u00fa rendszerek sz\u00e9les sk\u00e1l\u00e1j\u00e1ban haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k, amelyek mindegyik\u00e9nek saj\u00e1tos tervez\u00e9si \u00e9s kiv\u00e1laszt\u00e1si k\u00f6vetelm\u00e9nyei vannak.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3071\" data-end=\"3110\"><strong data-start=\"3075\" data-end=\"3110\">1. V\u00e1ltakoz\u00f3 \u00e1ram\u00fa \u00e1ramell\u00e1t\u00e1si rendszerek alkalmaz\u00e1sai<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/hu\/classification-of-spds\/attachment\/ac-power-surge-protection-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2103\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2103\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AC-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"AC t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g-v\u00e9delmi eszk\u00f6z\" width=\"868\" height=\"868\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p data-start=\"3112\" data-end=\"3303\">A v\u00e1ltakoz\u00f3 \u00e1ram\u00fa eloszt\u00f3rendszerekben az SPD-ket f\u0151k\u00e9nt a berendez\u00e9sek \u00e9s az elektromos h\u00e1l\u00f3zatok v\u00e9delm\u00e9re haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k a vill\u00e1mcsap\u00e1sok, a k\u00f6z\u00fczemi kapcsol\u00e1sok \u00e9s a hibaelh\u00e1r\u00edt\u00e1si esem\u00e9nyek okozta tranziens t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9gek ellen.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3392\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3392\"><strong data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3322\">1. t\u00edpus\u00fa SPD-k<\/strong>: A f\u0151 eloszt\u00f3t\u00e1bl\u00e1kra szerelve nagy energi\u00e1j\u00fa t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9gek kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3393\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3453\"><strong data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3410\">2. t\u00edpus\u00fa SPD-k<\/strong>: Lefel\u00e9 telep\u00edtve a helyi v\u00e9delem \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3455\" data-end=\"3591\">A v\u00e1ltakoz\u00f3 \u00e1ram\u00fa SPD-knek meg kell felelni\u00fck a rendszer n\u00e9vleges fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\u00e9nek \u00e9s Uc-nek, mik\u00f6zben elegend\u0151 r\u00f6vidz\u00e1rlat\u00e1ll\u00f3s\u00e1got (Isccr) kell biztos\u00edtaniuk.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3593\" data-end=\"3629\">A tipikus bels\u0151 alkatr\u00e9szek a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3677\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3632\" data-end=\"3677\">MOV-ok a gyors reag\u00e1l\u00e1shoz \u00e9s a fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g r\u00f6gz\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3678\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3680\" data-end=\"3736\">GDT-k a nagy energi\u00e1j\u00fa kezel\u00e9shez \u00e9s a sziv\u00e1rg\u00e1s elleni szigetel\u00e9shez<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3738\" data-end=\"3801\">A kett\u0151 kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3ja gyors elnyom\u00e1st \u00e9s hossz\u00fa \u00e9lettartamot biztos\u00edt.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3808\" data-end=\"3847\"><strong data-start=\"3812\" data-end=\"3847\">2. Egyen\u00e1ram\u00fa energiarendszer-alkalmaz\u00e1sok<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"3849\" data-end=\"3868\">DC rendszerek, mint pl.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3894\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3871\" data-end=\"3894\">T\u00e1vk\u00f6zl\u00e9si b\u00e1zis\u00e1llom\u00e1sok<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3895\" data-end=\"3926\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3897\" data-end=\"3926\">Ipari kapcsol\u00f3szekr\u00e9nyek<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3927\" data-end=\"3946\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3929\" data-end=\"3946\">Akkumul\u00e1tor t\u00e1rol\u00e1sa<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3947\" data-end=\"3962\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3949\" data-end=\"3962\">EV t\u00f6lt\u00e9s<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3963\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3965\" data-end=\"3979\">Solar DC buszok<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3981\" data-end=\"4095\">\u2026kifejezetten folyamatos egyenfesz\u00fclts\u00e9gre tervezett SPD-ket ig\u00e9nyelnek, amelyekb\u0151l hi\u00e1nyzik a nulla keresztez\u00e9s, \u00e9s k\u00e9pes \u00edveket tartani.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4097\" data-end=\"4105\">DC SPD-k:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4143\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4108\" data-end=\"4143\">\u00c1ltal\u00e1ban nagyfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\u0171 MOV-okat haszn\u00e1ljon<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4144\" data-end=\"4208\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4208\">T\u00falmeleged\u00e9s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl kell kezelnie a nagy \u00e1lland\u00f3sult \u00e1llapot\u00fa egyenfesz\u00fclts\u00e9get<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4209\" data-end=\"4270\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4211\" data-end=\"4270\">Egyen\u00e1ram\u00fa panelekre, inverter bemenetekre vagy akkumul\u00e1torra szerelve<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4271\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4273\" data-end=\"4332\">Seg\u00edt elker\u00fclni a t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g vagy kapcsol\u00e1si zaj miatti rendszerle\u00e1ll\u00e1st<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4339\" data-end=\"4387\"><strong data-start=\"4343\" data-end=\"4387\">3. Fotovoltaikus (PV) rendszeralkalmaz\u00e1sok<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"4389\" data-end=\"4540\">A napelemes rendszerek magas egyenfesz\u00fclts\u00e9ggel (1500 VDC-ig), nagy t\u00f6mbfel\u00fcletekkel \u00e9s gyakori vill\u00e1ml\u00f6k\u00e9seknek vannak kit\u00e9ve a tet\u0151re vagy a helysz\u00ednre t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 felszerel\u00e9s miatt.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4542\" data-end=\"4576\">A PV-specifikus SPD-knek meg kell felelni\u00fck:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4597\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4597\"><a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4595\">IEC 61643-31<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4598\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.standards.iteh.ai\/samples\/22527\/5b6a4f03275341d2bd18880b7a0877e7\/SIST-EN-50539-11-2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\">EN 50539-11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4617\" data-end=\"4638\">Telep\u00edt\u00e9s\u00fck a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 helyen t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4685\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4685\"><strong data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4652\">DC oldal<\/strong>: A PV t\u00f6mb \u00e9s az inverter k\u00f6z\u00f6tt<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4686\" data-end=\"4740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4740\"><strong data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4706\">Inverter bemenet<\/strong>: Bels\u0151 DC busz v\u00e9delemhez<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4741\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4791\"><strong data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4754\">AC oldal<\/strong>: Az inverter \u00e9s a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati interf\u00e9sz k\u00f6z\u00f6tt<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4793\" data-end=\"4814\">K\u00f6vetelm\u00e9nyek a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4837\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4817\" data-end=\"4837\">Magas MCOV (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4838\" data-end=\"4871\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4840\" data-end=\"4871\">Alacsony v\u00e9delmi szint (fel)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4872\" data-end=\"4891\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4874\" data-end=\"4891\">Hossz\u00fa t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4892\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4894\" data-end=\"4942\">Id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1s- \u00e9s UV-\u00e1ll\u00f3s\u00e1g (k\u00fclt\u00e9ri DC dobozokhoz)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4944\" data-end=\"5038\">A j\u00f3l elhelyezett PV SPD-k cs\u00f6kkentik a berendez\u00e9sek cser\u00e9j\u00e9nek k\u00f6lts\u00e9geit, \u00e9s jav\u00edtj\u00e1k a rendszer megb\u00edzhat\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1t \u00e9s megt\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9t.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5045\" data-end=\"5094\"><strong data-start=\"5048\" data-end=\"5094\">Az Iimp vs. Imax meg\u00e9rt\u00e9se az SPD-besorol\u00e1sokban<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5096\" data-end=\"5136\"><strong data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5136\">Impulzus kis\u00fcl\u00e9si \u00e1ram (Iimp)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5174\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5140\" data-end=\"5174\">Az 1. t\u00edpus\u00fa SPD jellemz\u0151je<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5177\" data-end=\"5216\">K\u00f6zvetlen vill\u00e1mcsap\u00e1st szimul\u00e1l<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5217\" data-end=\"5255\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5219\" data-end=\"5255\">10\/350 \u00b5s hull\u00e1mform\u00e1val tesztelve<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5256\" data-end=\"5325\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5258\" data-end=\"5325\">Az SPD egyetlen extr\u00e9m t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re val\u00f3 k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9t k\u00e9pviseli<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5326\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5328\" data-end=\"5403\">Alkalmas bel\u00e9p\u00e9si pontok vagy vill\u00e1mh\u00e1r\u00edt\u00f3k \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5405\" data-end=\"5445\"><strong data-start=\"5409\" data-end=\"5445\">Maxim\u00e1lis kis\u00fct\u00e9si \u00e1ram (Imax)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5483\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5449\" data-end=\"5483\">A 2. t\u00edpus\u00fa SPD jellemz\u0151je<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5484\" data-end=\"5567\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5486\" data-end=\"5567\">T\u00f6bb, alacsonyabb energi\u00e1j\u00fa t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9get szimul\u00e1l kapcsol\u00e1sb\u00f3l vagy k\u00f6zvetett vill\u00e1mb\u00f3l<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5568\" data-end=\"5604\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5570\" data-end=\"5604\">8\/20 \u00b5s hull\u00e1mform\u00e1val tesztelve<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5605\" data-end=\"5643\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5607\" data-end=\"5643\">A hossz\u00fa t\u00e1v\u00fa t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g-\u00e1ll\u00f3s\u00e1got t\u00fckr\u00f6zi<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5644\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5646\" data-end=\"5717\">Alkalmas eloszt\u00f3t\u00e1bl\u00e1khoz \u00e9s berendez\u00e9s szint\u0171 v\u00e9delemhez<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"5719\" data-end=\"5737\"><strong data-start=\"5722\" data-end=\"5736\">\u00d6sszefoglalva<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5796\"><strong data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5748\">Iimp<\/strong> = Cs\u00facs\u00e1ll\u00f3k\u00e9pess\u00e9g ritka, nagy energi\u00e1j\u00fa esem\u00e9nyekhez<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5797\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5943\"><strong data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5807\">Imax<\/strong> = Ism\u00e9tl\u0151d\u0151 \u00e1ll\u00f3k\u00e9pess\u00e9g gyakori, alacsonyabb energi\u00e1j\u00fa tranziensekhez<br data-start=\"5867\" data-end=\"5870\" \/>Mindkett\u0151 elengedhetetlen a t\u00f6bbszint\u0171 SPD-v\u00e9delmi strat\u00e9gia fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5950\" data-end=\"5967\"><strong data-start=\"5953\" data-end=\"5967\">K\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9s<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"5969\" data-end=\"6277\">A t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g-v\u00e9delmi eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k elengedhetetlenek a modern villamosenergia-rendszerekhez, biztos\u00edtva a berendez\u00e9sek biztons\u00e1g\u00e1t \u00e9s az \u00e1ramell\u00e1t\u00e1s folytonoss\u00e1g\u00e1t. Az 1., 2. \u00e9s 3. t\u00edpusba val\u00f3 besorol\u00e1suk, valamint az olyan m\u0171szaki param\u00e9terek meg\u00e9rt\u00e9se, mint az Uc, Up, Iimp \u00e9s Imax, l\u00e9tfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa a megfelel\u0151 kiv\u00e1laszt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz \u00e9s megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6279\" data-end=\"6457\">Legyen sz\u00f3 v\u00e1lt\u00f3\u00e1ram\u00fa rendszerek v\u00e9delm\u00e9r\u0151l, egyen\u00e1ram\u00fa automatiz\u00e1l\u00e1sr\u00f3l vagy napelemes PV-r\u0151l, a megfelel\u0151 SPD megfelel\u0151 min\u0151s\u00edt\u00e9ssel t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 kiv\u00e1laszt\u00e1sa cs\u00f6kkenti a k\u00e1rokat, cs\u00f6kkenti az O&amp;M k\u00f6lts\u00e9geket \u00e9s meghosszabb\u00edtja a rendszer \u00e9lettartam\u00e1t.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6459\" data-end=\"6579\">A j\u00f3l megtervezett SPD-terv egy kis beruh\u00e1z\u00e1s, amely megv\u00e9di nagyszab\u00e1s\u00fa infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1t a visszaford\u00edthatatlan k\u00e1rokt\u00f3l.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":785,"parent":0,"menu_order":182,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[8],"class_list":["post-784","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-company-news"],"acf":{"des":"A surge protective device (SPD) is designed to protect electrical systems and equipment from surge events by limiting transient voltages and diverting surge currents.","txt":"A surge protective device (SPD) protects electrical systems and equipment from surge events by limiting transient voltages and diverting surge currents.\r\n<h2><strong>The important technical characteristics of SPD:<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<ul data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"566\">\r\n<p data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"566\">Maximum continuous operating voltage (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"607\">\r\n<p data-start=\"569\" data-end=\"607\">Lightning impulse current (Iimp)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"646\">\r\n<p data-start=\"610\" data-end=\"646\">Nominal discharge current (I)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"684\">\r\n<p data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"684\">Voltage protection level (Up)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"735\">\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"735\">Short circuit withstand capability (Isccr)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"792\">\r\n<p data-start=\"738\" data-end=\"792\">Freewheeling interruption capability at Uc (Ifi)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n<p data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"826\">Transient overvoltage (TOV)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"828\" data-end=\"1016\">These parameters determine the SPD\u2019s performance under different fault conditions and must be matched carefully to the system\u2019s voltage, installation point, and expected surge environment.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>SPD Categories or Types<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1055\" data-end=\"1156\">SPDs are generally classified based on internal working principles and standard testing methods.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1158\" data-end=\"1187\"><strong data-start=\"1162\" data-end=\"1187\">By Component Behavior<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1220\">The two main types of SPDs are:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1257\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1257\">Voltage limiting components<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1258\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1292\">Voltage switching components<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1294\" data-end=\"1417\">Most modern SPDs incorporate both component types to combine the advantages of each and reduce their respective weaknesses.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1419\" data-end=\"1461\">Voltage limiting components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1494\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1494\">Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1497\" data-end=\"1539\">Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) diodes<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1584\">Voltage switching components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1587\" data-end=\"1615\">Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1616\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1618\" data-end=\"1628\">Spark gaps<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1725\">These components differ in response speed, energy-handling capacity, and aging characteristics.<\/p>\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-17918 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png 570w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-400x247.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-150x93.png 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"352\" \/>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1770\"><strong data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1770\">SPD Classification by Standards<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1941\">According to ANSI\/IEEE C62.41, IEC 61643-11, and VDE Classification, there are three standard SPD types based on their tested waveform and application level.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1943\" data-end=\"1961\"><strong data-start=\"1947\" data-end=\"1961\">Type 1 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product\/brpv3-1000-12-5vg-1000v-12-5ka-type-12-pv-class-i-class-ii-spd\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2104\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2104\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/PV-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Type 1 Surge Protection Device\" width=\"742\" height=\"742\" \/><\/a>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2035\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1965\" data-end=\"2035\">Tested with impulse discharge current Iimp (typically 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2036\" data-end=\"2085\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2085\">Also tested with 8\/20 \u00b5s current impulses<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2086\" data-end=\"2139\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2088\" data-end=\"2139\">Designed for installation at the service entrance<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2140\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2210\">Protects against direct lightning current and high-energy surges<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2212\" data-end=\"2230\"><strong data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2230\">Type 2 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2290\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2234\" data-end=\"2290\">Tested with nominal discharge current in (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2291\" data-end=\"2362\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2293\" data-end=\"2362\">Optionally tested with maximum discharge current Imax (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2363\" data-end=\"2429\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2365\" data-end=\"2429\">Note: Imax is not recommended as a basis for SPD selection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2525\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2432\" data-end=\"2525\">For SPDs with voltage switching components, also tested with 1.2\/50 \u00b5s voltage impulses.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2526\" data-end=\"2586\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2528\" data-end=\"2586\">Installed at sub-distribution boards or equipment inputs<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2587\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2589\" data-end=\"2651\">Protects against switching surges and indirect lightning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2671\"><strong data-start=\"2657\" data-end=\"2671\">Type 3 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2675\" data-end=\"2722\">Tested with a combination wave generator:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2765\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2727\" data-end=\"2765\">Open-circuit voltage Uoc (1.2\/50 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2768\" data-end=\"2807\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2770\" data-end=\"2807\">Short-circuit current Icw (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2810\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2812\" data-end=\"2843\">Nominal output impedance: 2 \u03a9<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2844\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2846\" data-end=\"2913\">Installed near sensitive terminal equipment for fine protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"2920\" data-end=\"2960\"><strong data-start=\"2923\" data-end=\"2960\">SPD Applications in Power Systems<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"2962\" data-end=\"3069\">SPDs are used in a wide range of AC and DC systems, each having specific design and selection requirements.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3071\" data-end=\"3110\"><strong data-start=\"3075\" data-end=\"3110\">1. AC Power System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/classification-of-spds\/attachment\/ac-power-surge-protection-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2103\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2103\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AC-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"AC Power Surge Protection Device\" width=\"868\" height=\"868\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p data-start=\"3112\" data-end=\"3303\">In AC distribution systems, SPDs are mainly used to protect equipment and power networks from transient overvoltages caused by lightning strikes, utility switching, and fault-clearing events.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3392\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3392\"><strong data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3322\">Type 1 SPDs<\/strong>: Installed at main distribution boards to handle high-energy surges<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3393\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3453\"><strong data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3410\">Type 2 SPDs<\/strong>: Installed downstream for local protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3455\" data-end=\"3591\">SPDs for AC must match the system\u2019s nominal voltage and Uc while offering sufficient short-circuit withstand capability (Isccr).<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3593\" data-end=\"3629\">Typical internal components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3677\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3632\" data-end=\"3677\">MOVs for fast response and voltage clamping<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3678\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3680\" data-end=\"3736\">GDTs for high energy handling and isolation from leakage<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3738\" data-end=\"3801\">The combination of both ensures fast suppression and longevity.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3808\" data-end=\"3847\"><strong data-start=\"3812\" data-end=\"3847\">2. DC Power System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"3849\" data-end=\"3868\">DC systems such as:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3894\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3871\" data-end=\"3894\">Telecom base stations<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3895\" data-end=\"3926\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3897\" data-end=\"3926\">Industrial control cabinets<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3927\" data-end=\"3946\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3929\" data-end=\"3946\">Battery storage<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3947\" data-end=\"3962\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3949\" data-end=\"3962\">EV charging<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3963\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3965\" data-end=\"3979\">Solar DC buses<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3981\" data-end=\"4095\">\u2026require SPDs designed specifically for continuous direct voltage, which lacks zero crossing and can sustain arcs.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4097\" data-end=\"4105\">DC SPDs:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4143\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4108\" data-end=\"4143\">Typically use high-voltage MOVs<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4144\" data-end=\"4208\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4208\">Must handle high steady-state DC voltage without overheating<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4209\" data-end=\"4270\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4211\" data-end=\"4270\">Installed at DC panels, inverter inputs, or battery banks<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4271\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4273\" data-end=\"4332\">Help avoid system downtime due to surges or switching noise<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4339\" data-end=\"4387\"><strong data-start=\"4343\" data-end=\"4387\">3. Photovoltaic (PV) System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"4389\" data-end=\"4540\">PV systems involve high DC voltages (up to 1500 VDC), large array surfaces, and frequent exposure to lightning surges due to rooftop or field mounting.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4542\" data-end=\"4576\">PV-specific SPDs must comply with:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4597\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4597\"><a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4595\">IEC 61643-31<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4598\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.standards.iteh.ai\/samples\/22527\/5b6a4f03275341d2bd18880b7a0877e7\/SIST-EN-50539-11-2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\">EN 50539-11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4617\" data-end=\"4638\">They are deployed at:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4685\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4685\"><strong data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4652\">DC side<\/strong>: Between the PV array and the inverter<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4686\" data-end=\"4740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4740\"><strong data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4706\">Inverter input<\/strong>: For internal DC bus protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4741\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4791\"><strong data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4754\">AC side<\/strong>: Between the inverter and the grid interface<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4793\" data-end=\"4814\">Requirements include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4837\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4817\" data-end=\"4837\">High MCOV (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4838\" data-end=\"4871\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4840\" data-end=\"4871\">Low protection level (Up)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4872\" data-end=\"4891\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4874\" data-end=\"4891\">Long surge life<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4892\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4894\" data-end=\"4942\">Weather and UV resistance (for outdoor DC boxes)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4944\" data-end=\"5038\">Well-placed PV SPDs reduce equipment replacement costs and improve system reliability and ROI.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5045\" data-end=\"5094\"><strong data-start=\"5048\" data-end=\"5094\">Understanding Iimp vs. Imax in SPD Ratings<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5096\" data-end=\"5136\"><strong data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5136\">Impulse Discharge Current (Iimp)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5174\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5140\" data-end=\"5174\">Characteristic of Type 1 SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5177\" data-end=\"5216\">Simulates a direct lightning strike<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5217\" data-end=\"5255\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5219\" data-end=\"5255\">Tested with 10\/350 \u00b5s waveform<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5256\" data-end=\"5325\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5258\" data-end=\"5325\">Represents the SPD\u2019s capacity to handle a single extreme surge<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5326\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5328\" data-end=\"5403\">Suitable for building entry points or lightning arrestors downstream<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5405\" data-end=\"5445\"><strong data-start=\"5409\" data-end=\"5445\">Maximum Discharge Current (Imax)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5483\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5449\" data-end=\"5483\">Characteristic of Type 2 SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5484\" data-end=\"5567\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5486\" data-end=\"5567\">Simulates multiple lower-energy surges from switching or indirect lightning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5568\" data-end=\"5604\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5570\" data-end=\"5604\">Tested with 8\/20 \u00b5s waveform<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5605\" data-end=\"5643\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5607\" data-end=\"5643\">Reflects long-term surge endurance<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5644\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5646\" data-end=\"5717\">Suitable for distribution boards and equipment-level protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"5719\" data-end=\"5737\"><strong data-start=\"5722\" data-end=\"5736\">In summary<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5796\"><strong data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5748\">Iimp<\/strong> = Peak endurance for rare, high-energy events<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5797\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5943\"><strong data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5807\">Imax<\/strong> = Repetitive endurance for frequent lower-energy transients<br data-start=\"5867\" data-end=\"5870\" \/>Both are essential in building a multi-level SPD protection strategy.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5950\" data-end=\"5967\"><strong data-start=\"5953\" data-end=\"5967\">Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"5969\" data-end=\"6277\">Surge protective devices are essential for modern power systems, ensuring equipment safety and power continuity. Their classification into Type 1, 2, and 3, along with the understanding of technical parameters like Uc, Up, Iimp, and Imax, is vital for proper selection and implementation.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6279\" data-end=\"6457\">Whether protecting AC systems, DC automation, or solar PV, selecting the right SPD with suitable ratings helps reduce damage, lower O&amp;M costs, and extend system life.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6459\" data-end=\"6579\">A well-engineered SPD plan is a small investment that protects your large-scale infrastructure from irreversible damage.<\/p>"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/784","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/785"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=784"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}