{"id":2112,"date":"2025-06-17T16:28:06","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T08:28:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=2112"},"modified":"2025-08-19T16:03:23","modified_gmt":"2025-08-19T08:03:23","slug":"ac-vs-dc-surge-protection-whats-the-difference","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/blog\/ac-vs-dc-surge-protection-whats-the-difference\/","title":{"rendered":"AC vs. DC Surge Protection: What&#8217;s the Difference?"},"content":{"rendered":"La protection contre les surtensions est fondamentale pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la disponibilit\u00e9 des syst\u00e8mes \u00e9lectriques modernes. Choisir le bon <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/products\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"1300\" data-end=\"1333\">Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions (SPD)<\/strong><\/a> commence par comprendre comment les syst\u00e8mes AC et DC se comportent diff\u00e9remment en cas de transitoires, en particulier l'extinction de l'arc (passage par z\u00e9ro AC vs DC sans passage par z\u00e9ro) et la conception des composants (MOV bidirectionnels vs unidirectionnels). Ce guide explique la diff\u00e9rence entre le SPD AC et le SPD DC, cartographie les normes CEI\/UL qui s'appliquent et montre comment s\u00e9lectionner un SPD qui r\u00e9pond \u00e0 vos besoins d'application et de conformit\u00e9.\r\n<h2>1. Pr\u00e9sentation<\/h2>\r\nTransient overvoltages, also known as power surges, are short-duration spikes in voltage that can damage or destroy sensitive electronic equipment. These surges can be caused by lightning strikes, grid switching operations, large load switching, or inductive equipment startups. SPD devices, also called surge suppressors or surge arresters, are engineered to detect and divert these spikes before they reach protected equipment.\r\n\r\nBut not all surges\u2014or SPDs\u2014are created equal. AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current) systems exhibit very different electrical behaviors and, as such, require distinct surge protection approaches. Per <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>CEI 61643-11\/-31<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, un SPD limite les surtensions et d\u00e9tourne le courant de surtension en quelques nanosecondes, prot\u00e9geant ainsi les \u00e9quipements en aval.\r\n<h2>2. Qu'est-ce que la protection contre les surtensions CA\u00a0?<\/h2>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2114\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2114\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/AC-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" \/><\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><strong data-start=\"218\" data-end=\"241\">Protection contre les surtensions CA<\/strong><\/em><\/a> est con\u00e7u pour les syst\u00e8mes \u00e9lectriques o\u00f9 la tension change p\u00e9riodiquement de direction, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e0 50 Hz ou 60 Hz. Ces syst\u00e8mes sont largement utilis\u00e9s dans les r\u00e9sidences, les b\u00e2timents commerciaux, les usines et les r\u00e9seaux d\u2019automatisation industrielle. Selon <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/65314\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"490\" data-end=\"506\">CEI 61643-11<\/strong><\/a>, les SPD CA sont class\u00e9s en type 1, type 2 et type 3, chacun \u00e9tant destin\u00e9 \u00e0 un point d'installation diff\u00e9rent au sein du syst\u00e8me de distribution.\r\n<h3 data-start=\"652\" data-end=\"688\">Caract\u00e9ristiques cl\u00e9s des SPD AC<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"689\" data-end=\"1410\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"689\" data-end=\"777\">\r\n<p data-start=\"691\" data-end=\"777\">Fonctionne sous des tensions de r\u00e9seau courantes telles que 115 V, 230 V, 400 V et jusqu'\u00e0 690 V CA.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"778\" data-end=\"857\">\r\n<p data-start=\"780\" data-end=\"857\">Fonctionnement bidirectionnel pour g\u00e9rer la commutation de polarit\u00e9 des ondes sinuso\u00efdales CA.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"858\" data-end=\"983\">\r\n<p data-start=\"860\" data-end=\"983\">Extinction de l'arc gr\u00e2ce aux passages par z\u00e9ro naturels de la forme d'onde CA, ce qui rend la d\u00e9connexion plus s\u00fbre et plus efficace.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"984\" data-end=\"1220\">\r\n<p data-start=\"986\" data-end=\"1220\">MOV (varistances \u00e0 oxyde m\u00e9tallique) couramment utilis\u00e9s pour absorber l'\u00e9nergie de surtension\u00a0; dans les SPD de type 1, les MOV sont souvent combin\u00e9s avec des GDT (Gas Discharge Tubes) ou des chambres \u00e0 arc pour r\u00e9sister aux impulsions de foudre \u00e0 haute \u00e9nergie (formes d'onde 10\/350 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1221\" data-end=\"1410\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1223\" data-end=\"1410\">Une coordination avec une protection amont (MCB ou fusible) est requise\u00a0; La meilleure pratique consiste \u00e0 maintenir la longueur du c\u00e2ble SPD aussi courte que possible, id\u00e9alement &lt;0,5 m, afin de minimiser la tension r\u00e9siduelle.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1412\" data-end=\"1447\">Types SPD pour les applications CA<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1800\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1558\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1450\" data-end=\"1558\"><strong data-start=\"1450\" data-end=\"1464\">SPD de type 1<\/strong> \u2013 Install\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019entr\u00e9e de service; r\u00e9siste aux courants de foudre continus (Iimp 10\/350 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1559\" data-end=\"1689\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1561\" data-end=\"1689\"><strong data-start=\"1561\" data-end=\"1575\">Parafoudre de type 2<\/strong> \u2013 Install\u00e9 aux tableaux de distribution\u00a0; prot\u00e8ge contre les surtensions de commutation et la foudre indirecte (In\/Imax 8\/20 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1690\" data-end=\"1800\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1692\" data-end=\"1800\"><strong data-start=\"1692\" data-end=\"1706\">SPD de type 3<\/strong> \u2013 Install\u00e9 \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9quipements sensibles ; offre une protection fine contre les surtensions r\u00e9siduelles.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1802\" data-end=\"1828\">Applications typiques<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1829\" data-end=\"2053\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1829\" data-end=\"1870\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1831\" data-end=\"1870\">Plaques d'entr\u00e9e de service principales (Type 1)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1871\" data-end=\"1912\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1873\" data-end=\"1912\">Tableaux de distribution du b\u00e2timent (Type 2)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1913\" data-end=\"1967\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1915\" data-end=\"1967\">Panneaux de commande en milieu industriel (Type 2)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1968\" data-end=\"2053\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1970\" data-end=\"2053\">Protection au point d'utilisation ou au niveau de la prise pour les appareils sensibles aliment\u00e9s en courant alternatif (type 3)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2055\" data-end=\"2094\">Exemple de <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>Produit Britec AC SPD<\/em><\/strong><\/a> <\/span>Gamme<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2095\" data-end=\"2701\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2095\" data-end=\"2257\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2097\" data-end=\"2257\"><strong data-start=\"2097\" data-end=\"2117\">BR-50GR (Type 1)<\/strong>: Con\u00e7u pour Uc 275\/320\/440 V, avec Iimp jusqu'\u00e0 25 kA (10\/350 \u00b5s) ; id\u00e9al pour la protection contre la foudre des entr\u00e9es de service dans les syst\u00e8mes TN\/TT.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2258\" data-end=\"2392\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2260\" data-end=\"2392\"><strong data-start=\"2260\" data-end=\"2290\">BR-12,5M (hybride de type 1+2)<\/strong>: G\u00e8re \u00e0 la fois les impulsions de foudre et les surtensions de commutation, ce qui le rend adapt\u00e9 aux installations industrielles.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2393\" data-end=\"2583\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2583\"><strong data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2425\">BR-40 et BR-30FU (Type 2)<\/strong>: \u00e9valu\u00e9 pour Uc 275 V, avec In 20 kA \/ Imax 40 kA (8\/20 \u00b5s) ; le BR-30FU int\u00e8gre un fusible de secours, simplifiant l'installation et am\u00e9liorant la s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2584\" data-end=\"2701\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2586\" data-end=\"2701\"><strong data-start=\"2586\" data-end=\"2613\">BR-230\/BR275-6 (Type 3)<\/strong>: Con\u00e7u pour la protection des \u00e9quipements terminaux, \u00e0 faible tension r\u00e9siduelle (Up \u2264 1,5 kV).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n<h2>3. Qu'est-ce que la protection contre les surtensions CC\u00a0?<\/h2>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/product-category\/dc-surge-protector\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2113\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2113\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Surge-Protection-Devices-For-Solar-PV-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Dispositifs de protection contre les surtensions CC\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" \/><\/a>\r\n\r\n<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/product-category\/dc-surge-protector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"361\" data-end=\"384\">Protection contre les surtensions CC<\/strong><\/a><\/em> est con\u00e7u pour les syst\u00e8mes \u00e0 courant continu, o\u00f9 l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 circule dans une seule direction sans passage \u00e0 z\u00e9ro naturel. Contrairement aux syst\u00e8mes AC qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient d'inversions p\u00e9riodiques de tension, les syst\u00e8mes DC pr\u00e9sentent un d\u00e9fi technique unique : les arcs ne s'\u00e9teignent pas automatiquement. Cela signifie que les SPD CC n\u00e9cessitent des m\u00e9canismes d'extinction d'arc, de d\u00e9connexion thermique et de d\u00e9clenchement m\u00e9canique plus robustes pour garantir la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et \u00e9viter l'emballement thermique.\r\n<h3 data-start=\"820\" data-end=\"849\">Principales caract\u00e9ristiques des SPD DC<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"850\" data-end=\"1855\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"850\" data-end=\"1011\">\r\n<p data-start=\"852\" data-end=\"1011\"><strong data-start=\"852\" data-end=\"871\">Tensions nominales<\/strong>: G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement con\u00e7u pour 500 Vdc \u00e0 1\u00a0500 Vdc, couvrant les panneaux solaires photovolta\u00efques, les syst\u00e8mes de stockage par batterie (BESS) et les r\u00e9seaux de charge rapide DC.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1012\" data-end=\"1174\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1014\" data-end=\"1174\"><strong data-start=\"1014\" data-end=\"1047\">S\u00e9lection MOV unidirectionnelle<\/strong>: Pour s'adapter \u00e0 la polarit\u00e9 CC, les SPD CC utilisent des MOV unidirectionnels, garantissant un blocage correct des surtensions pour un flux de courant unidirectionnel.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1175\" data-end=\"1364\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1177\" data-end=\"1364\"><strong data-start=\"1177\" data-end=\"1196\">Suppression des arcs<\/strong>: \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que le courant continu n'a pas de passage \u00e0 z\u00e9ro, les SPD CC int\u00e8grent des d\u00e9connexions thermiques \u00e0 action rapide, des tubes \u00e0 d\u00e9charge \u00e0 gaz (GDT) ou des chambres \u00e0 arc pour couper en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9 les courants de d\u00e9faut.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1365\" data-end=\"1538\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1367\" data-end=\"1538\"><strong data-start=\"1367\" data-end=\"1390\">Gestion des surtensions \u00e9lev\u00e9es<\/strong>: Con\u00e7us pour absorber les surtensions \u00e0 haute \u00e9nergie avec des valeurs In\/Imax allant jusqu'\u00e0 20-40 kA (8\/20 \u00b5s) et des dispositifs de type 1+2 con\u00e7us pour les impulsions de foudre Iimp.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1539\" data-end=\"1855\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1576\"><strong data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1573\">Conformit\u00e9 et certification<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1579\" data-end=\"1855\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1579\" data-end=\"1699\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1581\" data-end=\"1699\">Doit \u00eatre conforme \u00e0 la norme CEI 61643-31 (pour les SPD PV DC) ou <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nemasurge.org\/ul-1449-transient-voltage-surge-suppressors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"1635\" data-end=\"1646\">UL1449<\/strong><\/a> (pour les syst\u00e8mes DC en Am\u00e9rique du Nord, jusqu'\u00e0 1\u00a0500 Vdc).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1702\" data-end=\"1855\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1704\" data-end=\"1855\">En fonction du projet ou des exigences r\u00e9gionales, les produits peuvent porter des certifications T\u00dcV, CB ou UL suppl\u00e9mentaires pour la conformit\u00e9 au r\u00e9seau et les audits de s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1857\" data-end=\"1906\">Applications typiques de la protection contre les surtensions CC<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1907\" data-end=\"2261\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1907\" data-end=\"1999\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1909\" data-end=\"1999\">G\u00e9n\u00e9rateurs solaires photovolta\u00efques (protection de cha\u00eene ou de bo\u00eetier de combinaison, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement 1 000 Vdc ou 1 500 Vdc).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2000\" data-end=\"2084\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2002\" data-end=\"2084\">Syst\u00e8mes de stockage d'\u00e9nergie par batterie (BESS) pour les solutions \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle du r\u00e9seau ou des micro-r\u00e9seaux.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2085\" data-end=\"2162\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2087\" data-end=\"2162\">Bornes de recharge pour v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques (VE), en particulier la recharge rapide en courant continu.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2163\" data-end=\"2261\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2165\" data-end=\"2261\">Tours de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications et syst\u00e8mes d'\u00e9nergies renouvelables (convertisseurs d'\u00e9oliennes, r\u00e9seaux hybrides DC).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2263\" data-end=\"2304\">Exemples de <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/product-category\/dc-surge-protector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SPD DC de Britec<\/a><\/span> Gamme<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2305\" data-end=\"2976\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2305\" data-end=\"2630\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2307\" data-end=\"2341\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/product\/brpv3-1000-20-1000v-20ka-t12-pv-surge-arrester\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><strong data-start=\"2307\" data-end=\"2339\">BRPV3-1000 (SPD type 1+2 CC)<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2344\" data-end=\"2630\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2344\" data-end=\"2381\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2346\" data-end=\"2381\">Tension nominale\u00a0: Uc = 1\u00a0000\u00a0Vcc<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2384\" data-end=\"2429\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2386\" data-end=\"2429\">Courant de d\u00e9charge nominal : In = 20 kA<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2432\" data-end=\"2489\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2434\" data-end=\"2489\">Courant de d\u00e9charge maximal\u00a0: Imax = 40 kA (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2492\" data-end=\"2537\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2494\" data-end=\"2537\">Niveau de protection de tension : Jusqu'\u00e0 \u2264 3,8 kV<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2540\" data-end=\"2630\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2542\" data-end=\"2630\">Caract\u00e9ristiques : Sectionneur thermique + signalisation \u00e0 distance pour une surveillance en temps r\u00e9el.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2632\" data-end=\"2976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2634\" data-end=\"2668\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/product\/brpv3-1500-12-5-t1t2-1500v-12-5ka-pv-surge-protection-device\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"2634\" data-end=\"2666\">BRPV3-1500 (SPD type 1+2 CC)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2671\" data-end=\"2976\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2671\" data-end=\"2708\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2708\">Tension nominale\u00a0: Uc = 1\u00a0500\u00a0Vcc<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2711\" data-end=\"2756\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2713\" data-end=\"2756\">Courant de d\u00e9charge nominal : In = 20 kA<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2759\" data-end=\"2806\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2761\" data-end=\"2806\">Courant de d\u00e9charge maximum : Imax = 40 kA<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2809\" data-end=\"2854\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2811\" data-end=\"2854\">Niveau de protection de tension : Jusqu'\u00e0 \u2264 4,5 kV<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2857\" data-end=\"2976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2859\" data-end=\"2976\">Caract\u00e9ristiques : Conception de chambre \u00e0 arc + coupure thermique, garantissant un fonctionnement fiable dans les centrales photovolta\u00efques et les infrastructures EV.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>4. Quelle est la diff\u00e9rence entre la protection contre les surtensions CA et CC ?<\/h2>\r\nBien que les SPD CA et les SPD CC se ressemblent \u00e0 premi\u00e8re vue, leurs principes de conception, leurs normes et leurs exigences d'application sont tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rents. Le tableau ci-dessous r\u00e9sume les principales diff\u00e9rences entre le SPD AC et le SPD DC\u00a0:\r\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 336px;\">\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Param\u00e8tre<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>SPD CA<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>SPD CC<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 48px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\"><strong>Plage de tension<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">115 V \u2013 690 V AC (r\u00e9seaux communs) Exemple : BR-40 (Uc 275 V, In 20 kA)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">500 V \u2013 1 500 V CC (PV, EV, BESS) Exemple : BRPV3-1500 (Uc 1 500 V CC, In 20 kA)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Gestion de la polarit\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Fonctionnement bidirectionnel (commutation de polarit\u00e9 d'onde sinuso\u00efdale AC)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">S\u00e9lection MOV unidirectionnelle pour la stabilit\u00e9 de la polarit\u00e9 CC<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 48px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\"><strong>Extinction d'arc<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">Le passage \u00e0 z\u00e9ro naturel facilite l'interruption de l'arc. Les SPD de type 1 utilisent souvent MOV + GDT\/chambre \u00e0 arc pour des impulsions de 10\/350 \u00b5s.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">Pas de passage \u00e0 z\u00e9ro \u2192 n\u00e9cessite un d\u00e9connecteur thermique rapide, une chambre \u00e0 arc ou un GDT<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Temps de r\u00e9ponse<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Les SPD bas\u00e9s sur MOV r\u00e9pondent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement en &lt;25 ns (en fonction de l&#039;appareil)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">M\u00eame principe \u2013 bas\u00e9 sur MOV, &lt;25 ns (en fonction du p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Type de forme d'onde<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Sinuso\u00efdal (50\/60 Hz)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Tension continue constante<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 48px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\"><strong>Formes d'onde de test de surtension<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">8\/20 \u00b5s (commutation), 10\/350 \u00b5s (courant de foudre, Type 1)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">Standardis\u00e9 comme AC (8\/20 \u00b5s, 10\/350 \u00b5s)\u00a0; diff\u00e9rence cl\u00e9 = extinction de l'arc<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 48px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\"><strong>Gestion de l'\u00e9nergie<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">La valeur nominale par p\u00f4le d\u00e9pend de la conception (v\u00e9rifier la fiche technique\u00a0: In\/Imax\/Iimp) Exemple\u00a0: <strong>BR-30FU (En 20 kA, Imax 40 kA)<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">La valeur nominale par p\u00f4le d\u00e9pend de la conception (In\/Imax\/Iimp) Exemple\u00a0: BRPV3-1000 (In 20 kA, Imax 40 kA)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Normes<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">CEI 61643-11 (SPD CA), UL 1449 (Am\u00e9rique du Nord)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">CEI 61643-31 (SPD CC, PV), UL 1449 (Am\u00e9rique du Nord, PV \u2264 1 500 V CC)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Applications<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Maisons, bureaux, panneaux de contr\u00f4le industriels, tableaux de distribution de b\u00e2timents<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Panneaux solaires photovolta\u00efques, stockage sur batterie, recharge de v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques, t\u00e9l\u00e9communications, \u00e9oliennes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h3>4.1 Caract\u00e9ristiques du courant \u00e9lectrique\u00a0: CA ou CC<\/h3>\r\nLe courant alternatif inverse p\u00e9riodiquement la direction (onde sinuso\u00efdale), permettant ainsi des points de passage \u00e0 z\u00e9ro naturels. Le courant continu circule continuellement dans une seule direction (forme d\u2019onde plate), ce qui rend l\u2019extinction de l\u2019arc beaucoup plus difficile.\r\n\r\n<strong>Implication:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>Les SPD AC b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient du passage par z\u00e9ro pour l'interruption de l'arc, tandis que les SPD DC n\u00e9cessitent des m\u00e9canismes de suppression d'arc plus robustes en raison des caract\u00e9ristiques de la forme d'onde.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h3>4.2 Forme d'onde de surtension<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li>Les surtensions CA ont souvent des formes d\u2019onde sinuso\u00efdales plus douces.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Les surtensions CC sont plus courtes, plus rapides et plus brusques avec une tension \u00e0 sommet plat<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Besoins en mati\u00e8re de temps de r\u00e9ponse\u00a0:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>Les SPD DC n\u00e9cessitent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement des temps de r\u00e9ponse plus rapides (\u2264 25 ns) pour se prot\u00e9ger contre les transitoires rapides.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h3>4.3 Principes de conception et de fonctionnement des SPD<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li><strong>SPD CA\u00a0:<\/strong> Con\u00e7u pour une polarit\u00e9 de tension sym\u00e9trique et une entr\u00e9e d'onde sinuso\u00efdale<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>SPD CC\u00a0:<\/strong> Con\u00e7u pour les circuits sensibles \u00e0 la polarit\u00e9 et le flux de courant unidirectionnel<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Technologie utilis\u00e9e\u00a0: <\/strong>Les dispositifs SPD CA et CC utilisent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement des MOV (varistors \u00e0 oxyde m\u00e9tallique), des d\u00e9connexions thermiques et parfois des GDT (tubes \u00e0 d\u00e9charge \u00e0 gaz). Pour comprendre le fonctionnement de ces composants \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur d'un dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, consultez notre guide d\u00e9taill\u00e9 sur <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/blog\/how-does-spd-surge-protection-device-work\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">comment fonctionne un SPD<\/a>.<\/em><\/strong>\r\n<h3>4.4 Tensions nominales et capacit\u00e9 de surtension<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li>SPD CA\u00a0:\u00a0gamme de 115\u00a0V \u00e0 600\u00a0V<\/li>\r\n \t<li>SPD CC\u00a0:\u00a0gamme de 500\u00a0V \u00e0 1\u00a0500\u00a0V<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Exemple:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>DC SPD FLY1-40PV g\u00e8re jusqu'\u00e0 40 kA\u00a0; AC SPD USP2 va jusqu'\u00e0 120 kA, selon le mod\u00e8le.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h3>4.5 Environnements d'application<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li><strong>SPD CA\u00a0:<\/strong> Bureaux, maisons, CVC, panneaux de contr\u00f4le<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>SPD CC\u00a0:<\/strong> \u00c9nergies renouvelables, t\u00e9l\u00e9communications ext\u00e9rieures, syst\u00e8mes de transport<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Tol\u00e9rance environnementale\u00a0:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>Les SPD CC prennent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement en charge des plages de temp\u00e9rature et une humidit\u00e9 relative plus larges en raison des applications ext\u00e9rieures.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h3>4.6 Extinction d'arc<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li><strong>CA\u00a0:<\/strong> L'arc s'\u00e9teint naturellement au passage \u00e0 z\u00e9ro<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>DC\u00a0:<\/strong> N\u00e9cessite une extinction m\u00e9canique\/thermique de l\u2019arc en raison du manque d\u2019inversion de polarit\u00e9.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Pourquoi c'est important\u00a0:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>Une suppression inad\u00e9quate de l'arc dans les parafoudres CC peut entra\u00eener un emballement thermique et un incendie.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h3>4.7 Normes, tests et certification<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li><strong>Normes SPD CA\u00a0:<\/strong> UL 1449, CEI 61643-11 (types 1, 2, 3)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Normes SPD CC\u00a0:<\/strong> EN 50539-11, CEI 61643-31, UL 1449 (focus PV, BESS, EV)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Exemple:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>La classe de protection contre les surtensions doit \u00eatre v\u00e9rifi\u00e9e via des \u00e9tiquettes SPD certifi\u00e9es TUV pour la conformit\u00e9 au r\u00e9seau.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h2>5. Comment choisir le bon SPD<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"408\" data-end=\"648\">La s\u00e9lection du bon dispositif de protection contre les surtensions (SPD) ne concerne pas seulement la tension nominale, elle implique \u00e9galement la position d'installation, la coordination de la protection et la conformit\u00e9 aux normes internationales. Voici les facteurs cl\u00e9s \u00e0 consid\u00e9rer\u00a0:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"700\">1. Faites correspondre le SPD \u00e0 la tension de votre syst\u00e8me<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"701\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"701\" data-end=\"930\">\r\n<p data-start=\"703\" data-end=\"744\"><strong data-start=\"703\" data-end=\"742\">Syst\u00e8mes CA (IEC 61643-11 \/ UL 1449)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"747\" data-end=\"930\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"747\" data-end=\"803\">\r\n<p data-start=\"749\" data-end=\"803\">230\/400 V (r\u00e9seaux TN\/TT) : Choisir <strong data-start=\"781\" data-end=\"793\">Uc 275 V<\/strong> mod\u00e8les.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"930\">\r\n<p data-start=\"808\" data-end=\"930\">Exemple : Britec BR-40\/30FU \u2013 SPD type 2, Uc 275 V, In 20 kA, Imax 40 kA, avec fusible int\u00e9gr\u00e9 pour protection de secours.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"931\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n<p data-start=\"933\" data-end=\"987\"><strong data-start=\"933\" data-end=\"985\">Syst\u00e8mes PV DC (IEC 61643-31 \/ UL 1449 \u22641 500 Vdc)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"990\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"990\" data-end=\"1062\">\r\n<p data-start=\"992\" data-end=\"1062\">Baies 600 VCC, 1\u00a0000 VCC ou 1\u00a0500 VCC\u00a0: s\u00e9lectionnez la valeur nominale CC Uc correspondante.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1065\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1067\" data-end=\"1201\">Exemple: <strong data-start=\"1076\" data-end=\"1111\">Britec BRPV3-1000 (Uc 1000 Vdc)<\/strong> ou <strong data-start=\"1115\" data-end=\"1143\">BRPV3-1500 (Uc 1500 Vcc)<\/strong> \u2013 SPD DC de type 1+2 pour bo\u00eetiers de combinaison PV et onduleurs.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1203\" data-end=\"1342\"><strong data-start=\"1205\" data-end=\"1212\">Conseil<\/strong>: V\u00e9rifiez toujours que l'Uc (tension de fonctionnement continue) du SPD est \u2265 1,2 \u00d7 tension nominale du syst\u00e8me pour \u00e9viter un vieillissement pr\u00e9matur\u00e9.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1349\" data-end=\"1424\">2. Appliquez la bonne classe de protection (type) \u00e0 chaque niveau d'installation<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1425\" data-end=\"2052\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1425\" data-end=\"1627\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1427\" data-end=\"1469\">Type 1 (courant de foudre 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1472\" data-end=\"1627\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1472\" data-end=\"1530\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1474\" data-end=\"1530\">Install\u00e9 \u00e0 l'entr\u00e9e de service\/distribution principale.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1533\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1535\" data-end=\"1571\">G\u00e8re les courants de foudre directs.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1574\" data-end=\"1627\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1576\" data-end=\"1627\">Exemple: <strong data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1610\">BR-12,5M Type 1+2 SPD<\/strong>, Iimp 12,5 kA.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1628\" data-end=\"1865\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1669\">Type 2 (surtensions de commutation 8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1672\" data-end=\"1865\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1672\" data-end=\"1719\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1674\" data-end=\"1719\">Install\u00e9 sur les tableaux de distribution au sol.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1722\" data-end=\"1792\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1724\" data-end=\"1792\">Prot\u00e8ge contre les surtensions de commutation et les courants de foudre r\u00e9siduels.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1795\" data-end=\"1865\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1797\" data-end=\"1865\">Exemple: <strong data-start=\"1806\" data-end=\"1831\">SPD BR-40\/30FU Type 2<\/strong> (avec sectionneur int\u00e9gr\u00e9).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1866\" data-end=\"2052\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1868\" data-end=\"1895\">Type 3 (point d'utilisation)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1898\" data-end=\"2052\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1898\" data-end=\"1983\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1900\" data-end=\"1983\">Install\u00e9 \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des \u00e9quipements sensibles (ordinateurs, serveurs, dispositifs m\u00e9dicaux).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1986\" data-end=\"2052\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1988\" data-end=\"2052\">Prot\u00e8ge contre les surtensions r\u00e9siduelles non bloqu\u00e9es par les SPD en amont.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"2054\" data-end=\"2204\"><strong data-start=\"2056\" data-end=\"2076\">R\u00e8gle d'ing\u00e9nierie<\/strong>: Si la longueur du c\u00e2ble entre deux niveaux de protection est <strong data-start=\"2131\" data-end=\"2140\">&gt;<\/strong>10 m, installez des SPD suppl\u00e9mentaires aux deux extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s pour assurer la coordination.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2211\" data-end=\"2261\">3. Assurer la coordination avec les disjoncteurs et les fusibles<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2262\" data-end=\"2455\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2262\" data-end=\"2330\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2264\" data-end=\"2330\">Les SPD doivent \u00eatre coordonn\u00e9s avec les fusibles MCB\/RCB\/de secours en amont.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2331\" data-end=\"2455\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2333\" data-end=\"2455\">Certains mod\u00e8les, comme <strong data-start=\"2351\" data-end=\"2372\">Britec BR-40\/30FU<\/strong>, int\u00e8grent des sectionneurs thermiques et une protection de secours, r\u00e9duisant ainsi l'espace et les co\u00fbts.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2462\" data-end=\"2496\">4. Conformit\u00e9 aux normes<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2497\" data-end=\"2605\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2497\" data-end=\"2543\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2543\"><strong data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2510\">SPD CA<\/strong>: CEI 61643-11, UL 1449<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2544\" data-end=\"2605\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2546\" data-end=\"2605\"><strong data-start=\"2546\" data-end=\"2560\">SPD PV CC<\/strong>: CEI 61643-31, UL 1449 (\u22641500 Vcc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"2607\" data-end=\"2731\">Assurez-vous toujours que le SPD porte les certifications de test CE, UL ou CEI appropri\u00e9es, en particulier pour les projets internationaux.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2738\" data-end=\"2756\">Cl\u00e9 \u00e0 retenir<\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"2757\" data-end=\"2931\">Choisir le bon SPD signifie faire correspondre la tension, s\u00e9lectionner le bon type par niveau d'installation, garantir une bonne coordination et se conformer aux normes CEI\/UL.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"2933\" data-end=\"3142\">Avec <strong data-start=\"2938\" data-end=\"3007\">Portefeuille Britec (BR-12.5M, BR-40\/30FU, BRPV3-1000, BRPV3-1500)<\/strong>, vous pouvez couvrir les applications solaires r\u00e9sidentielles, commerciales, industrielles et photovolta\u00efques avec une protection contre les surtensions certifi\u00e9e et haute performance.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2>6.Conclusion<\/h2>\r\nLes dispositifs de protection contre les surtensions CA et CC peuvent se ressembler, mais ils servent des syst\u00e8mes fondamentalement diff\u00e9rents. Les SPD AC sont optimis\u00e9s pour les applications \u00e0 onde sinuso\u00efdale dans les b\u00e2timents et les r\u00e9seaux. Les SPD CC sont con\u00e7us pour les formes d'onde de tension plates dans les infrastructures CC renouvelables et haute tension.\r\n\r\n<strong>Choisir le bon SPD est essentiel pour prot\u00e9ger l\u2019\u00e9quipement et maintenir le respect des normes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nPour assurer une protection optimale :\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li>Faites toujours correspondre le type de SPD au syst\u00e8me actuel (AC ou DC)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Tenez compte de la tension nominale, des caract\u00e9ristiques de la forme d'onde et de la capacit\u00e9 d'absorption d'\u00e9nergie requise.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Choisissez des produits certifi\u00e9s (TUV, UL, CE) avec des classes de protection contre les surtensions appropri\u00e9es.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/contact-us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Besoin d'aide pour s\u00e9lectionner votre SPD\u00a0?<\/strong> Contactez un \u00e9lectricien certifi\u00e9 ou un fournisseur de protection contre les surtensions pour trouver la bonne solution de protection contre les surtensions CC ou CA pour votre syst\u00e8me.<\/a>","protected":false},"featured_media":2114,"parent":0,"menu_order":130,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[9],"class_list":["post-2112","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-industry-news"],"acf":{"des":"This blog compares AC and DC surge protection devices (SPDs), explaining their key differences in waveform, voltage range, arc handling, and application scenarios. Whether you're protecting a home, solar system, or EV charger, understanding how to choose the right SPD is essential for system safety and compliance with standards like IEC 61643 and UL 1449.","txt":"Surge protection is fundamental to the safety and uptime of modern electrical systems. Choosing the right <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/products\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"1300\" data-end=\"1333\">Surge Protective Device (SPD)<\/strong><\/a> starts with understanding how AC and DC systems behave differently under transients\u2014especially arc extinction (AC zero-crossing vs DC no zero-crossing) and component design (bi-directional vs uni-directional MOVs). This guide explains the difference between AC SPD and DC SPD, maps the IEC\/UL standards that apply, and shows how to select an SPD that meets your application and compliance needs.\r\n<h2>1. Introduction<\/h2>\r\nTransient overvoltages, also known as power surges, are short-duration spikes in voltage that can damage or destroy sensitive electronic equipment. These surges can be caused by lightning strikes, grid switching operations, large load switching, or inductive equipment startups. SPD devices, also called surge suppressors or surge arresters, are engineered to detect and divert these spikes before they reach protected equipment.\r\n\r\nBut not all surges\u2014or SPDs\u2014are created equal. AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current) systems exhibit very different electrical behaviors and, as such, require distinct surge protection approaches. Per <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>IEC 61643-11\/-31<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, an SPD limits surge voltage and diverts surge current within nanoseconds, protecting downstream equipment.\r\n<h2>2. What Is AC Surge Protection?<\/h2>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2114\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2114\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/AC-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" \/><\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><strong data-start=\"218\" data-end=\"241\">AC surge protection<\/strong><\/em><\/a> is designed for electrical systems where voltage alternates direction periodically\u2014typically at 50Hz or 60Hz. These systems are widely used in residential homes, commercial buildings, factories, and industrial automation networks. According to <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/65314\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"490\" data-end=\"506\">IEC 61643-11<\/strong><\/a>, AC SPDs are classified into Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3, each intended for a different installation point within the distribution system.\r\n<h3 data-start=\"652\" data-end=\"688\">Key Characteristics of AC SPDs<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"689\" data-end=\"1410\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"689\" data-end=\"777\">\r\n<p data-start=\"691\" data-end=\"777\">Operate within common grid voltages such as 115V, 230V, 400V, and up to 690V AC.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"778\" data-end=\"857\">\r\n<p data-start=\"780\" data-end=\"857\">Bi-directional operation to handle polarity switching of AC sine waves.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"858\" data-end=\"983\">\r\n<p data-start=\"860\" data-end=\"983\">Arc extinction through natural zero-crossings of the AC waveform, which makes disconnection safer and more efficient.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"984\" data-end=\"1220\">\r\n<p data-start=\"986\" data-end=\"1220\">Commonly used MOVs (Metal Oxide Varistors) to absorb surge energy; in Type 1 SPDs, MOVs are often combined with GDTs (Gas Discharge Tubes) or arc chambers to withstand high-energy lightning impulses (10\/350 \u00b5s waveforms).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1221\" data-end=\"1410\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1223\" data-end=\"1410\">Coordination with upstream protection (MCB or fuse) is required; best practice is to keep the SPD lead length as short as possible, ideally&lt;0.5 m, to minimize residual voltage.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1412\" data-end=\"1447\">SPD Types for AC Applications<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1800\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1558\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1450\" data-end=\"1558\"><strong data-start=\"1450\" data-end=\"1464\">Type 1 SPD<\/strong> \u2013 Installed at the service entrance; withstands direct lightning currents (Iimp 10\/350 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1559\" data-end=\"1689\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1561\" data-end=\"1689\"><strong data-start=\"1561\" data-end=\"1575\">Type 2 SPD<\/strong> \u2013 Installed at distribution boards; protects against switching surges and indirect lightning (In\/Imax 8\/20 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1690\" data-end=\"1800\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1692\" data-end=\"1800\"><strong data-start=\"1692\" data-end=\"1706\">Type 3 SPD<\/strong> \u2013 Installed close to sensitive equipment; provides fine protection against residual surges.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1802\" data-end=\"1828\">Typical Applications<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1829\" data-end=\"2053\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1829\" data-end=\"1870\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1831\" data-end=\"1870\">Main service entrance panels (Type 1)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1871\" data-end=\"1912\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1873\" data-end=\"1912\">Building distribution boards (Type 2)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1913\" data-end=\"1967\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1915\" data-end=\"1967\">Control panels in industrial environments (Type 2)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1968\" data-end=\"2053\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1970\" data-end=\"2053\">Point-of-use or socket-level protection for sensitive AC-powered devices (Type 3)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2055\" data-end=\"2094\">Example from <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>Britec AC SPD Product<\/em><\/strong><\/a> <\/span>Range<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2095\" data-end=\"2701\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2095\" data-end=\"2257\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2097\" data-end=\"2257\"><strong data-start=\"2097\" data-end=\"2117\">BR-50GR (Type 1)<\/strong>: Rated for Uc 275\/320\/440 V, with Iimp up to 25 kA (10\/350 \u00b5s); ideal for service entrance lightning protection in TN\/TT systems.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2258\" data-end=\"2392\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2260\" data-end=\"2392\"><strong data-start=\"2260\" data-end=\"2290\">BR-12.5M (Type 1+2 hybrid)<\/strong>: Handles both lightning impulse and switching surges, making it suitable for industrial facilities.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2393\" data-end=\"2583\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2583\"><strong data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2425\">BR-40 and BR-30FU (Type 2)<\/strong>: Rated for Uc 275 V, with In 20 kA \/ Imax 40 kA (8\/20 \u00b5s); the BR-30FU integrates a backup fuse, simplifying installation and improving safety.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2584\" data-end=\"2701\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2586\" data-end=\"2701\"><strong data-start=\"2586\" data-end=\"2613\">BR-230\/BR275-6 (Type 3)<\/strong>: Designed for terminal equipment protection, with low residual voltage (Up \u2264 1.5 kV).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n<h2>3. What Is DC Surge Protection?<\/h2>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/dc-surge-protector\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2113\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2113\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Surge-Protection-Devices-For-Solar-PV-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"DC Surge Protection Devices\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" \/><\/a>\r\n\r\n<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/dc-surge-protector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"361\" data-end=\"384\">DC surge protection<\/strong><\/a><\/em> is designed for direct current systems, where electricity flows in a single direction without natural zero-crossings. Unlike AC systems that benefit from periodic voltage reversals, DC systems present a unique engineering challenge: arcs do not self-extinguish. This means that DC SPDs require more robust arc quenching, thermal disconnection, and mechanical release mechanisms to ensure safety and prevent thermal runaway.\r\n<h3 data-start=\"820\" data-end=\"849\">Key Features of DC SPDs<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"850\" data-end=\"1855\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"850\" data-end=\"1011\">\r\n<p data-start=\"852\" data-end=\"1011\"><strong data-start=\"852\" data-end=\"871\">Voltage Ratings<\/strong>: Typically designed for 500 Vdc to 1500 Vdc, covering solar PV arrays, battery storage systems (BESS), and DC fast-charging networks.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1012\" data-end=\"1174\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1014\" data-end=\"1174\"><strong data-start=\"1014\" data-end=\"1047\">Unidirectional MOV selection<\/strong>: To accommodate DC polarity, DC SPDs use unidirectional MOVs, ensuring correct surge clamping for one-way current flow.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1175\" data-end=\"1364\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1177\" data-end=\"1364\"><strong data-start=\"1177\" data-end=\"1196\">Arc Suppression<\/strong>: Because DC lacks a zero-crossing, DC SPDs integrate fast-acting thermal disconnects, gas discharge tubes (GDTs), or arc chambers to safely break fault currents.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1365\" data-end=\"1538\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1367\" data-end=\"1538\"><strong data-start=\"1367\" data-end=\"1390\">High Surge Handling<\/strong>: Built to absorb high-energy surges with In\/Imax ratings up to 20\u201340 kA (8\/20 \u00b5s) and Type 1+2 devices rated for Iimp lightning impulses.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1539\" data-end=\"1855\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1576\"><strong data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1573\">Compliance and Certification<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1579\" data-end=\"1855\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1579\" data-end=\"1699\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1581\" data-end=\"1699\">Must comply with IEC 61643-31 (for PV DC SPDs) or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nemasurge.org\/ul-1449-transient-voltage-surge-suppressors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"1635\" data-end=\"1646\">UL 1449<\/strong><\/a> (for DC systems in North America, up to 1500 Vdc).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1702\" data-end=\"1855\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1704\" data-end=\"1855\">Depending on project or regional requirements, products may carry additional T\u00dcV, CB, or UL certifications for grid compliance and safety audits.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1857\" data-end=\"1906\">Typical Applications of DC Surge Protection<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1907\" data-end=\"2261\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1907\" data-end=\"1999\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1909\" data-end=\"1999\">Solar PV arrays (string or combiner box protection, typically 1000 Vdc or 1500 Vdc).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2000\" data-end=\"2084\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2002\" data-end=\"2084\">Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) for grid-scale or microgrid solutions.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2085\" data-end=\"2162\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2087\" data-end=\"2162\">Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations, especially DC fast charging.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2163\" data-end=\"2261\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2165\" data-end=\"2261\">Telecom towers and renewable energy systems (wind turbine converters, hybrid DC networks).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2263\" data-end=\"2304\">Examples from <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/dc-surge-protector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Britec\u2019s DC SPD<\/a><\/span> Range<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2305\" data-end=\"2976\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2305\" data-end=\"2630\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2307\" data-end=\"2341\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product\/brpv3-1000-20-1000v-20ka-t12-pv-surge-arrester\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><strong data-start=\"2307\" data-end=\"2339\">BRPV3-1000 (Type 1+2 DC SPD)<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2344\" data-end=\"2630\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2344\" data-end=\"2381\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2346\" data-end=\"2381\">Voltage rating: Uc = 1000 Vdc<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2384\" data-end=\"2429\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2386\" data-end=\"2429\">Nominal discharge current: In = 20 kA<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2432\" data-end=\"2489\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2434\" data-end=\"2489\">Maximum discharge current: Imax = 40 kA (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2492\" data-end=\"2537\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2494\" data-end=\"2537\">Voltage protection level: Up \u2264 3.8 kV<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2540\" data-end=\"2630\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2542\" data-end=\"2630\">Features: Thermal disconnector + remote signaling for real-time monitoring.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2632\" data-end=\"2976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2634\" data-end=\"2668\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product\/brpv3-1500-12-5-t1t2-1500v-12-5ka-pv-surge-protection-device\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"2634\" data-end=\"2666\">BRPV3-1500 (Type 1+2 DC SPD)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2671\" data-end=\"2976\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2671\" data-end=\"2708\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2708\">Voltage rating: Uc = 1500 Vdc<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2711\" data-end=\"2756\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2713\" data-end=\"2756\">Nominal discharge current: In = 20 kA<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2759\" data-end=\"2806\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2761\" data-end=\"2806\">Maximum discharge current: Imax = 40 kA<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2809\" data-end=\"2854\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2811\" data-end=\"2854\">Voltage protection level: Up \u2264 4.5 kV<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2857\" data-end=\"2976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2859\" data-end=\"2976\">Features: Arc chamber design + thermal cut-off, ensuring reliable operation in PV plants and EV infrastructure.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>4. What\u2019s the Difference Between AC and DC Surge Protection?<\/h2>\r\nAlthough AC SPDs and DC SPDs look similar at first glance, their design principles, standards, and application requirements are very different. The table below summarizes the key differences between AC SPD and DC SPD:\r\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 336px;\">\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Parameter<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>AC SPD<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>DC SPD<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 48px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\"><strong>Voltage Range<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">115V \u2013 690V AC (common grids) Example: BR-40 (Uc 275 V, In 20 kA)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">500V \u2013 1500V DC (PV, EV, BESS) Example: BRPV3-1500 (Uc 1500 Vdc, In 20 kA)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Polarity Handling<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Bi-directional operation (AC sine wave polarity switching)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Unidirectional MOV selection for DC polarity stability<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 48px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\"><strong>Arc Extinguishing<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">Natural zero-crossing aids arc interruption Type 1 SPDs often use MOV + GDT\/arc chamber for 10\/350 \u00b5s impulses<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">No zero-crossing \u2192 requires fast thermal disconnector, arc chamber, or GDT<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Response Time<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">MOV-based SPDs typically respond in &lt;25 ns (device-dependent)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Same principle \u2013 MOV-based, &lt;25 ns (device-dependent)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Waveform Type<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Sinusoidal (50\/60 Hz)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Constant DC voltage<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 48px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\"><strong>Surge Test Waveforms<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">8\/20 \u00b5s (switching), 10\/350 \u00b5s (lightning current, Type 1)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">Standardized same as AC (8\/20 \u00b5s, 10\/350 \u00b5s); key difference = arc extinction<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 48px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\"><strong>Energy Handling<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">Per-pole rating depends on design (check datasheet: In\/Imax\/Iimp) Example: <strong>BR-30FU (In 20 kA, Imax 40 kA)<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 48px;\">Per-pole rating depends on design (In\/Imax\/Iimp) Example: BRPV3-1000 (In 20 kA, Imax 40 kA)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Standards<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">IEC 61643-11 (AC SPDs), UL 1449 (North America)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">IEC 61643-31 (DC SPDs, PV), UL 1449 (North America, PV \u22641500 Vdc)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\"><strong>Applications<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Homes, offices, industrial control panels, building distribution boards<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 24px;\">Solar PV arrays, battery storage, EV charging, telecom, wind turbines<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h3>4.1 Electrical Current Characteristics: AC vs. DC<\/h3>\r\nAC reverses direction periodically (sine wave), allowing natural zero-crossing points. DC flows in a single direction continuously (flat waveform), making arc extinguishing much more challenging.\r\n\r\n<strong>Implication:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>AC SPDs benefit from zero-crossing for arc interruption, while DC SPDs require more robust arc suppression mechanisms due to waveform characteristics.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h3>4.2 Surge Waveform<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li>AC surges often have smoother, sinusoidal waveforms.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>DC surges are shorter, faster, and more abrupt with flat top voltage<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Response Time Needs:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>DC SPDs typically require faster response times (\u226425ns) to protect against rapid transients.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h3>4.3 Design and Operating Principles of SPDs<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li><strong>AC SPD:<\/strong> Designed for symmetrical voltage polarity and sine wave input<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>DC SPD:<\/strong> Built for polarity-sensitive circuits and unidirectional current flow<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Technology Used: <\/strong>Both AC and DC SPD devices commonly use MOVs (metal oxide varistors), thermal disconnects, and sometimes GDTs (gas discharge tubes). To understand how these components function inside a surge protection device, see our detailed guide on <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/blog\/how-does-spd-surge-protection-device-work\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">how an SPD works<\/a>.<\/em><\/strong>\r\n<h3>4.4 Voltage Ratings and Surge Capacity<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li>AC SPDs: Range from 115V to 600V<\/li>\r\n \t<li>DC SPDs: Range from 500V to 1500V<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Example:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>DC SPD FLY1-40PV handles up to 40kA; AC SPD USP2 ranges up to 120kA, depending on the model.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h3>4.5 Application Environments<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li><strong>AC SPD:<\/strong> Offices, homes, HVAC, control panels<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>DC SPD:<\/strong> Renewable energy, outdoor telecom, transportation systems<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Environmental Tolerance:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>DC SPDs usually support wider temperature ranges and relative humidity due to outdoor applications.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h3>4.6 Arc Extinguishing<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li><strong>AC:<\/strong> Arc naturally extinguishes at the zero-crossing<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>DC:<\/strong> Requires mechanical\/thermal arc quenching due to lack of polarity reversal.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Why It Matters:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>Inadequate arc suppression in DC surge arresters can lead to thermal runaway and fire.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h3>4.7 Standards, Testing, and Certification<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li><strong>AC SPD Standards:<\/strong> UL 1449, IEC 61643-11 (Type 1, 2, 3)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>DC SPD Standards:<\/strong> EN 50539-11, IEC 61643-31, UL 1449 (PV, BESS, EV focus)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Example:<\/strong>\r\n<blockquote>Surge protection class must be verified via TUV-certified SPD labels for grid compliance.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h2>5. How to Choose the Right SPD<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"408\" data-end=\"648\">Selecting the correct Surge Protective Device (SPD) is not only about voltage rating \u2013 it also involves installation position, protection coordination, and compliance with international standards. Here are the key factors to consider:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"700\">1. Match the SPD to Your System Voltage<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"701\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"701\" data-end=\"930\">\r\n<p data-start=\"703\" data-end=\"744\"><strong data-start=\"703\" data-end=\"742\">AC systems (IEC 61643-11 \/ UL 1449)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"747\" data-end=\"930\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"747\" data-end=\"803\">\r\n<p data-start=\"749\" data-end=\"803\">230\/400 V (TN\/TT grids): Choose <strong data-start=\"781\" data-end=\"793\">Uc 275 V<\/strong> models.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"930\">\r\n<p data-start=\"808\" data-end=\"930\">Example: Britec BR-40\/30FU \u2013 Type 2 SPD, Uc 275 V, In 20 kA, Imax 40 kA, with integrated fuse for backup protection.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"931\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n<p data-start=\"933\" data-end=\"987\"><strong data-start=\"933\" data-end=\"985\">PV DC systems (IEC 61643-31 \/ UL 1449 \u22641500 Vdc)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"990\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"990\" data-end=\"1062\">\r\n<p data-start=\"992\" data-end=\"1062\">600 Vdc, 1000 Vdc, or 1500 Vdc arrays: Select matching DC Uc rating.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1065\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1067\" data-end=\"1201\">Example: <strong data-start=\"1076\" data-end=\"1111\">Britec BRPV3-1000 (Uc 1000 Vdc)<\/strong> or <strong data-start=\"1115\" data-end=\"1143\">BRPV3-1500 (Uc 1500 Vdc)<\/strong> \u2013 Type 1+2 DC SPDs for PV combiner boxes and inverters.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1203\" data-end=\"1342\"><strong data-start=\"1205\" data-end=\"1212\">Tip<\/strong>: Always check that the SPD\u2019s Uc (continuous operating voltage) is \u2265 1.2 \u00d7 nominal system voltage to avoid premature ageing.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1349\" data-end=\"1424\">2. Apply the Right Protection Class (Type) to Each Installation Level<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1425\" data-end=\"2052\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1425\" data-end=\"1627\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1427\" data-end=\"1469\">Type 1 (10\/350 \u00b5s lightning current)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1472\" data-end=\"1627\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1472\" data-end=\"1530\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1474\" data-end=\"1530\">Installed at service entrance \/ main distribution.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1533\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1535\" data-end=\"1571\">Handles direct lightning currents.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1574\" data-end=\"1627\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1576\" data-end=\"1627\">Example: <strong data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1610\">BR-12.5M Type 1+2 SPD<\/strong>, Iimp 12.5 kA.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1628\" data-end=\"1865\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1669\">Type 2 (8\/20 \u00b5s switching surges)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1672\" data-end=\"1865\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1672\" data-end=\"1719\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1674\" data-end=\"1719\">Installed at floor distribution boards.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1722\" data-end=\"1792\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1724\" data-end=\"1792\">Protects against switching surges and residual lightning currents.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1795\" data-end=\"1865\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1797\" data-end=\"1865\">Example: <strong data-start=\"1806\" data-end=\"1831\">BR-40\/30FU Type 2 SPD<\/strong> (with integrated disconnector).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1866\" data-end=\"2052\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1868\" data-end=\"1895\">Type 3 (point-of-use)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1898\" data-end=\"2052\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1898\" data-end=\"1983\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1900\" data-end=\"1983\">Installed close to sensitive equipment (computers, servers, medical devices).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1986\" data-end=\"2052\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1988\" data-end=\"2052\">Protects against residual surges not clamped by upstream SPDs.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"2054\" data-end=\"2204\"><strong data-start=\"2056\" data-end=\"2076\">Engineering rule<\/strong>: If the cable length between two protection stages is <strong data-start=\"2131\" data-end=\"2140\">&gt;<\/strong>10 m, install additional SPDs at both ends to ensure coordination.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2211\" data-end=\"2261\">3. Ensure Coordination With Breakers &amp; Fuses<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2262\" data-end=\"2455\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2262\" data-end=\"2330\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2264\" data-end=\"2330\">SPDs must be coordinated with upstream MCB\/RCB\/backup fuses.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2331\" data-end=\"2455\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2333\" data-end=\"2455\">Some models, like <strong data-start=\"2351\" data-end=\"2372\">Britec BR-40\/30FU<\/strong>, integrate thermal disconnectors and backup protection, reducing space and cost.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2462\" data-end=\"2496\">4. Compliance With Standards<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2497\" data-end=\"2605\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2497\" data-end=\"2543\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2543\"><strong data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2510\">AC SPDs<\/strong>: IEC 61643-11, UL 1449<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2544\" data-end=\"2605\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2546\" data-end=\"2605\"><strong data-start=\"2546\" data-end=\"2560\">PV DC SPDs<\/strong>: IEC 61643-31, UL 1449 (\u22641500 Vdc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"2607\" data-end=\"2731\">Always ensure the SPD carries the proper CE, UL, or IEC test certifications, especially for international projects.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2738\" data-end=\"2756\">Key Takeaway<\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"2757\" data-end=\"2931\">Choosing the right SPD means matching the voltage, selecting the correct Type per installation level, ensuring proper coordination, and complying with IEC\/UL standards.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"2933\" data-end=\"3142\">With <strong data-start=\"2938\" data-end=\"3007\">Britec\u2019s portfolio (BR-12.5M, BR-40\/30FU, BRPV3-1000, BRPV3-1500)<\/strong>, you can cover residential, commercial, industrial, and PV solar applications with certified, high-performance surge protection.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2>6. Conclusion<\/h2>\r\nAC and DC surge protection devices may look similar, but they serve fundamentally different systems. AC SPDs are optimized for sine wave applications in buildings and grids. DC SPDs are tailored for flat voltage waveforms in renewable and high-voltage DC infrastructures.\r\n\r\n<strong>Choosing the correct SPD is essential to safeguarding equipment and maintaining compliance with safety standards.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nTo ensure optimal protection:\r\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\r\n \t<li>Always match the SPD type to the current system (AC or DC)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Consider voltage rating, waveform characteristics, and required energy absorption capability.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Choose certified products (TUV, UL, CE) with appropriate surge protection class ratings.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/contact-us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Need help selecting your SPD?<\/strong> Contact a certified electrical professional or surge protection provider to find the right DC surge protection or AC surge protection solution for your system.<\/a>"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/2112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2114"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=2112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}