{"id":2163,"date":"2025-08-22T15:08:56","date_gmt":"2025-08-22T07:08:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=2163"},"modified":"2025-08-22T15:35:44","modified_gmt":"2025-08-22T07:35:44","slug":"types-of-surge-protection-devices","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/blog\/types-of-surge-protection-devices\/","title":{"rendered":"Erityyppiset ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaitteet (SPD)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 data-start=\"384\" data-end=\"404\">1. Johdanto<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"405\" data-end=\"685\">Virtapiikit ovat hiljaisia \u200b\u200btappajia nykyaikaisissa s\u00e4hk\u00f6j\u00e4rjestelmiss\u00e4. Asuinelektroniikasta teollisuusautomaatioon ja aurinkovoimaloihin, jopa yksitt\u00e4inen ohimenev\u00e4 ylij\u00e4nnite voi aiheuttaa seisokkeja, kalliita korjauksia tai laitevikoja. Ratkaisu? <strong data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"683\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaitteet (SPD)<\/a><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"952\">T\u00e4ss\u00e4 oppaassa erittelemme erityyppisi\u00e4 ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaitteita, selit\u00e4mme niiden toiminnan ja vertaamme niiden sovelluksia. Loppujen lopuksi tied\u00e4t tarkalleen, mitk\u00e4 SPD-tyypit sopivat j\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4\u00e4si \u2013 onko kyseess\u00e4 koti-, datakeskus- tai aurinkos\u00e4hk\u00f6asennus.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"959\" data-end=\"1001\">2. Mit\u00e4 ovat ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaitteet?<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1002\" data-end=\"1283\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong data-start=\"1004\" data-end=\"1037\">Ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaite (SPD)<\/strong> <\/span><\/a>on s\u00e4hk\u00f6j\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4\u00e4n asennettu turvakomponentti, joka rajoittaa salamaniskujen, kytkent\u00e4tapahtumien tai s\u00e4hk\u00f6njakeluh\u00e4iri\u00f6iden aiheuttamia transientteja ylij\u00e4nnitteit\u00e4. Se toimii ohjaamalla ylij\u00e4nniteenergiaa turvallisesti maahan ja suojaamalla kytkettyj\u00e4 laitteita.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1285\" data-end=\"1440\">Ajattele SPD:t\u00e4 paineenalennusventtiilin\u00e4: se ei est\u00e4 aaltovirtausta, mutta se kanavoi ylim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4isen energian pois herk\u00e4st\u00e4 elektroniikasta.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1285\" data-end=\"1440\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2160\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2160\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/BR-20-4P-1Type-2-Surge-Protection-Device.jpg-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaitteiden tyypit\" width=\"705\" height=\"705\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1447\" data-end=\"1486\">3. Kuinka ylij\u00e4nnitesuoja toimii?<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1487\" data-end=\"1734\">SPD:t perustuvat komponentteihin, kuten metallioksidivaristorit (MOV), kaasupurkausputket (GDT) ja kipin\u00e4v\u00e4lit. Kun j\u00e4nnite ylitt\u00e4\u00e4 turvallisen kynnysarvon (Uc), SPD siirtyy johtamistilaan ja kiinnitt\u00e4\u00e4 ylij\u00e4nnitteen alempaan j\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6sj\u00e4nnitteeseen (Up).<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1736\" data-end=\"1767\">Ymm\u00e4rrett\u00e4v\u00e4t keskeiset parametrit:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"2141\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"1853\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1770\" data-end=\"1853\"><strong data-start=\"1770\" data-end=\"1816\">Uc (maksimi jatkuva k\u00e4ytt\u00f6j\u00e4nnite):<\/strong> normaali j\u00e4nnite, jonka SPD pystyy k\u00e4sittelem\u00e4\u00e4n.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1854\" data-end=\"1945\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1856\" data-end=\"1945\"><strong data-start=\"1856\" data-end=\"1890\">Yl\u00f6s (j\u00e4nnitesuojaustaso):<\/strong> puristusj\u00e4nnite, jonka alavirran laitteet \u201cn\u00e4kev\u00e4t\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1946\" data-end=\"2048\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"2048\"><strong data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"2000\">In \/ Imax (nimellinen ja suurin purkausvirta):<\/strong> kuinka paljon ylij\u00e4nnitevirtaa laite voi absorboida.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2049\" data-end=\"2141\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2051\" data-end=\"2141\"><strong data-start=\"2051\" data-end=\"2078\">Iimp (impulssivirta):<\/strong> tyypillinen tyypille 1, mik\u00e4 edustaa salamaniskun aaltomuotoja.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/attachment\/spd-install\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2159\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2159\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/SPD-install.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"745\" height=\"609\" \/><\/a>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"486\" data-end=\"527\">4. Ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaitteiden tyypit<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"529\" data-end=\"821\">SPD-tyyppien ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4minen on avain kerroksellisen ylij\u00e4nnitesuojan suunnittelussa. Kansainv\u00e4liset standardit, mm <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/65314\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"639\" data-end=\"660\">IEC 61643-11 (AC)<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"662\" data-end=\"686\">IEC 61643-31 (DC\/PV)<\/strong><\/a>, ja <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nemasurge.org\/ul-1449-transient-voltage-surge-suppressors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"692\" data-end=\"719\">UL 1449 (Pohjois-Amerikka)<\/strong> <\/a>m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4\u00e4 eri luokat testiaaltomuotojen, energiakapasiteetin ja asennuspaikan perusteella.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"823\" data-end=\"975\">Alla erittelemme kohtaamasi erityyppiset ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaitteet (SPD:t) niiden teknisill\u00e4 rooleilla ja sovellusohjeilla.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"982\" data-end=\"1038\">4.1 Tyypin 1 SPD:t (IEC 61643-11, luokka I, 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1975\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1041\" data-end=\"1201\"><strong data-start=\"1041\" data-end=\"1056\">M\u00e4\u00e4ritelm\u00e4:<\/strong> Suunniteltu purkamaan osittaista salamavirtaa. Testattu 10\/350 \u00b5s impulssiaaltomuodolla (Iimp), joka edustaa suoraa salamaniskua.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1202\" data-end=\"1383\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1204\" data-end=\"1383\"><strong data-start=\"1204\" data-end=\"1227\">Asennuspiste:<\/strong> Palvelun sis\u00e4\u00e4nk\u00e4ynti, tyypillisesti p\u00e4\u00e4jakotaulun yl\u00e4virtaan. K\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n usein rakennuksissa, joissa on ulkoinen Lightning Protection System (LPS).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1384\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1386\" data-end=\"1407\"><strong data-start=\"1386\" data-end=\"1405\">P\u00e4\u00e4parametrit:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1410\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1410\" data-end=\"1475\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1412\" data-end=\"1475\">Iimp (Impulssivirta): nimellinen salamavirran kapasiteetti.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1478\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1480\" data-end=\"1571\">Uc (Maximum Continuous Operating Voltage): varmistaa, ettei vaurioita normaalin k\u00e4yt\u00f6n aikana.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1574\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1576\" data-end=\"1658\">Up (Voltage Protection Level): j\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6sj\u00e4nnite, joka n\u00e4kyy alavirran piireiss\u00e4.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1659\" data-end=\"1731\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1731\"><strong data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1681\">K\u00e4ytetty tekniikka:<\/strong> Kipin\u00e4v\u00e4lit, raskaat MOV:t tai hybridimallit.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1750\"><strong data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1748\">K\u00e4ytt\u00f6tapaukset:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1753\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1753\" data-end=\"1806\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1755\" data-end=\"1806\">Teollisuustilat, teletornit, sairaalat.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1809\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1811\" data-end=\"1862\">Korkeat rakennukset alueilla, joissa salama tiheys on suuri.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1863\" data-end=\"1975\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1865\" data-end=\"1975\"><strong data-start=\"1865\" data-end=\"1877\">Esimerkki:<\/strong> Tehdas, jossa on ukkosenjohtimet katolla, tarvitsee tyypin 1 SPD:t p\u00e4\u00e4saapuvassa sy\u00f6tt\u00f6laitteessa.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1982\" data-end=\"2037\">4.2 Tyypin 2 SPD:t (IEC 61643-11, luokka II, 8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2824\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2167\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2040\" data-end=\"2167\"><strong data-start=\"2040\" data-end=\"2055\">M\u00e4\u00e4ritelm\u00e4:<\/strong> K\u00e4sittelee kytkent\u00e4piikit ja ep\u00e4suorat salamaefektit. Testattu 8\/20 \u00b5s virran aaltomuodolla (In, Imax).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2168\" data-end=\"2248\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2170\" data-end=\"2248\"><strong data-start=\"2170\" data-end=\"2193\">Asennuspiste:<\/strong> P\u00e4\u00e4- tai alajakelulevyt laitoksen sis\u00e4ll\u00e4.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2249\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2251\" data-end=\"2272\"><strong data-start=\"2251\" data-end=\"2270\">P\u00e4\u00e4parametrit:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2275\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2275\" data-end=\"2347\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2277\" data-end=\"2347\">In (nimellinen purkausvirta): kest\u00e4vyys useissa j\u00e4nnitteiss\u00e4.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2350\" data-end=\"2417\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2352\" data-end=\"2417\">Imax (Maximum Discharge Current): suurin ylij\u00e4nnitekyky.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2420\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2422\" data-end=\"2496\">Yl\u00f6s: t\u00e4ytyy koordinoida sek\u00e4 yl\u00e4virran tyypin 1 ett\u00e4 alavirran tyypin 3 kanssa.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2497\" data-end=\"2578\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2578\"><strong data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2519\">K\u00e4ytetty tekniikka:<\/strong> MOV-pohjaiset moduulit, usein kytkett\u00e4viss\u00e4 vaihtamisen helpottamiseksi.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2579\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2581\" data-end=\"2597\"><strong data-start=\"2581\" data-end=\"2595\">K\u00e4ytt\u00f6tapaukset:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2600\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2600\" data-end=\"2655\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2602\" data-end=\"2655\">Asuintalot, toimistorakennukset, v\u00e4hitt\u00e4iskaupat.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2658\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2660\" data-end=\"2716\">Normaali suojaus alueilla, joilla on kohtalainen ylij\u00e4nniteriski.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2717\" data-end=\"2824\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2719\" data-end=\"2824\"><strong data-start=\"2719\" data-end=\"2731\">Esimerkki:<\/strong> Pieni toimisto ilman ulkoista LPS:\u00e4\u00e4 k\u00e4ytt\u00e4isi tyypillisesti tyypin 2 SPD:it\u00e4 emolevyss\u00e4.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nHaluatko yksityiskohtaisen erittelyn? Lue koko oppaamme: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><strong data-start=\"1021\" data-end=\"1147\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/blog\/what-is-a-type-2-surge-protection-device\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1023\" data-end=\"1145\">Mik\u00e4 on tyypin 2 ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaite?<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2831\" data-end=\"2890\">4.3 Tyypin 3 SPD:t (IEC 61643-11, luokka III, yhdistelm\u00e4aalto)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"3555\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"3022\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2893\" data-end=\"3022\"><strong data-start=\"2893\" data-end=\"2908\">M\u00e4\u00e4ritelm\u00e4:<\/strong> P\u00e4\u00e4telaitteiden hienosuojaus. Testattu yhdistelm\u00e4aalolla (1,2\/50 \u00b5s j\u00e4nnite + 8\/20 \u00b5s virta).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3023\" data-end=\"3126\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3025\" data-end=\"3126\"><strong data-start=\"3025\" data-end=\"3048\">Asennuspiste:<\/strong> Mahdollisimman l\u00e4hell\u00e4 suojattua laitetta (pistorasia, laitteen tulo).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3127\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3129\" data-end=\"3150\"><strong data-start=\"3129\" data-end=\"3148\">P\u00e4\u00e4parametrit:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3155\" data-end=\"3216\">Yl\u00f6s: eritt\u00e4in alhainen puristustaso suojaamaan herkki\u00e4 kuormia.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3219\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3221\" data-end=\"3273\">On k\u00e4ytett\u00e4v\u00e4 yhdess\u00e4 yl\u00e4virran tyypin 2 kanssa.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3274\" data-end=\"3348\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3348\"><strong data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3296\">K\u00e4ytetty tekniikka:<\/strong> MOV:t yhdistettyn\u00e4 suodattimiin lis\u00e4vaimennusta varten.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3349\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3351\" data-end=\"3367\"><strong data-start=\"3351\" data-end=\"3365\">K\u00e4ytt\u00f6tapaukset:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3370\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3370\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3372\" data-end=\"3435\">Tietokoneet, LED-ajurit, l\u00e4\u00e4ketieteellinen elektroniikka ja ohjausj\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4t.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3436\" data-end=\"3555\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3555\"><strong data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3450\">Esimerkki:<\/strong> Sairaalan MRI-laite vaatii tyypin 3 SPD:n laitteen l\u00e4hell\u00e4, joka toimii yhdess\u00e4 yl\u00e4virran tyypin 2 kanssa.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nLue lis\u00e4\u00e4 omistetusta artikkelistamme: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><strong data-start=\"1474\" data-end=\"1584\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/blog\/what-is-a-type-3-surge-protector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1476\" data-end=\"1582\">Mik\u00e4 on tyypin 3 ylij\u00e4nnitesuoja?<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3562\" data-end=\"3594\">4.4 T1+T2-yhdistelm\u00e4 SPD:t<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"3595\" data-end=\"4178\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3595\" data-end=\"3710\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3597\" data-end=\"3710\"><strong data-start=\"3597\" data-end=\"3612\">M\u00e4\u00e4ritelm\u00e4:<\/strong> Yksi SPD-yksikk\u00f6, joka on testattu sek\u00e4 luokan I (10\/350 \u00b5s) ett\u00e4 luokan II (8\/20 \u00b5s) aaltomuodoille.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3711\" data-end=\"3804\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3713\" data-end=\"3804\"><strong data-start=\"3713\" data-end=\"3725\">Edut:<\/strong> Suojaa suoralta salamalta sek\u00e4 kytkent\u00e4piikeilt\u00e4 yhdess\u00e4 laitteessa.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3805\" data-end=\"3895\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3807\" data-end=\"3895\"><strong data-start=\"3807\" data-end=\"3830\">Asennuspiste:<\/strong> Palvelun sis\u00e4\u00e4np\u00e4\u00e4sy, kun tila tai budjetti rajoittaa useita laitteita.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3896\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3898\" data-end=\"3914\"><strong data-start=\"3898\" data-end=\"3912\">K\u00e4ytt\u00f6tapaukset:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"3996\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3919\" data-end=\"3996\">Keskikokoiset liike- tai asuinrakennukset tarvitsevat kompakteja ratkaisuja.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3999\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4001\" data-end=\"4076\">Sivustot, joissa erillisten tyypin 1 ja tyypin 2 v\u00e4linen koordinointi on vaikeaa.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4077\" data-end=\"4178\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4079\" data-end=\"4178\"><strong data-start=\"4079\" data-end=\"4091\">Esimerkki:<\/strong> A shopping mall's main switchboard may install a T1+T2 SPD to simplify protection.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4185\" data-end=\"4217\">4,5 T2+T3-yhdistelm\u00e4 SPD:t\u00e4<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"4218\" data-end=\"4676\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4218\" data-end=\"4299\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4220\" data-end=\"4299\"><strong data-start=\"4220\" data-end=\"4235\">M\u00e4\u00e4ritelm\u00e4:<\/strong> Hybridilaitteiden luokan II ja luokan III suorituskyky on testattu.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4300\" data-end=\"4374\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4302\" data-end=\"4374\"><strong data-start=\"4302\" data-end=\"4314\">Edut:<\/strong> Tarjoaa sek\u00e4 jakelutason ett\u00e4 terminaalin suojauksen.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4375\" data-end=\"4477\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4377\" data-end=\"4477\"><strong data-start=\"4377\" data-end=\"4400\">Asennuspiste:<\/strong> Alapaneelit l\u00e4hell\u00e4 herkki\u00e4 kuormia, erityisesti jos kaapelin pituus ylitt\u00e4\u00e4 10 m.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4478\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4496\"><strong data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4494\">K\u00e4ytt\u00f6tapaukset:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4499\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4499\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4501\" data-end=\"4559\">Palvelinkeskukset, palvelinhuoneet, teollisuuden ohjauskaapit.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4560\" data-end=\"4676\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4562\" data-end=\"4676\"><strong data-start=\"4562\" data-end=\"4574\">Esimerkki:<\/strong> Tehdasautomaatiolinja, jossa on pitk\u00e4t kaapelit PLC:iin, voi k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 T2+T3 SPD:t\u00e4 PLC-paneelien l\u00e4hell\u00e4.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4683\" data-end=\"4734\">4.6 Tyypin 4 SPD:t (UL 1449, vain Pohjois-Amerikka)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"4735\" data-end=\"5324\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4735\" data-end=\"4856\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4737\" data-end=\"4856\"><strong data-start=\"4737\" data-end=\"4762\">M\u00e4\u00e4ritelm\u00e4 (UL 1449):<\/strong> Komponenttikokoonpanot, joita ei ole tarkoitettu erillisiksi laitteiksi, vaan ne on integroitu OEM-laitteisiin.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4857\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4859\" data-end=\"4879\"><strong data-start=\"4859\" data-end=\"4877\">Alaluokat:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4882\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4882\" data-end=\"4965\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4884\" data-end=\"4965\">Type 4 Component Assemblies (CA): valmiiksi pakatut SPD-osat valmistajille.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4968\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4970\" data-end=\"5012\">Tyypin 5 komponentit: raaka-MOV tai GDT.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5013\" data-end=\"5099\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5015\" data-end=\"5099\"><strong data-start=\"5015\" data-end=\"5038\">Asennuspiste:<\/strong> Koneiden, virtal\u00e4hteiden tai mittatilausty\u00f6n\u00e4 valmistettujen paneelien sis\u00e4ll\u00e4.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5102\" data-end=\"5118\"><strong data-start=\"5102\" data-end=\"5116\">K\u00e4ytt\u00f6tapaukset:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5121\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5121\" data-end=\"5166\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5123\" data-end=\"5166\">OEM-valmistajat, jotka suunnittelevat ylij\u00e4nnitesuojattuja laitteita.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5169\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5171\" data-end=\"5230\">Erikoistuneet teollisuuslaitteet Pohjois-Amerikan markkinoille.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5231\" data-end=\"5324\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5233\" data-end=\"5324\"><strong data-start=\"5233\" data-end=\"5245\">Esimerkki:<\/strong> UPS-valmistaja integroi tyypin 4 SPD-kokoonpanoja tuotteisiinsa.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5331\" data-end=\"5382\">4.7 PV\/DC SPD (IEC 61643-31, jopa 1500 VDC)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5383\" data-end=\"6082\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5383\" data-end=\"5474\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5385\" data-end=\"5474\"><strong data-start=\"5385\" data-end=\"5400\">M\u00e4\u00e4ritelm\u00e4:<\/strong> Ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaitteet, jotka on suunniteltu aurinkos\u00e4hk\u00f6- ja tasavirtapiireihin.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5475\" data-end=\"5555\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5477\" data-end=\"5555\"><strong data-start=\"5477\" data-end=\"5496\">Testistandardit:<\/strong> IEC 61643-31 m\u00e4\u00e4rittelee vaatimukset tasavirtasovelluksille.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5556\" data-end=\"5647\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5558\" data-end=\"5647\"><strong data-start=\"5558\" data-end=\"5581\">Asennuspiste:<\/strong> PV-ryhm\u00e4yhdistimet, invertterit ja DC-jakelulevyt.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5648\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5650\" data-end=\"5671\"><strong data-start=\"5650\" data-end=\"5669\">P\u00e4\u00e4parametrit:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5674\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5674\" data-end=\"5740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5676\" data-end=\"5740\">Ucpv: nimellinen jatkuva PV-j\u00e4nnite (600 V, 1000 V, 1500 V).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5743\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5745\" data-end=\"5796\">In \/ Imax: ylij\u00e4nnitesuoja DC-puolella.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5801\" data-end=\"5876\">Vasteaika: on oltava riitt\u00e4v\u00e4n nopea puolijohdepohjaisille inverttereille.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5877\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5879\" data-end=\"5895\"><strong data-start=\"5879\" data-end=\"5893\">K\u00e4ytt\u00f6tapaukset:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5898\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5898\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5900\" data-end=\"5976\">S\u00e4hk\u00f6mittakaavaiset aurinkovoimalat, kattos\u00e4hk\u00f6j\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4t, akkuvarastot.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5977\" data-end=\"6082\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5979\" data-end=\"6082\"><strong data-start=\"5979\" data-end=\"5991\">Esimerkki:<\/strong> Tarvitaan 1500 VDC aurinkovoimala <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/product_category\/pv-surge-protection-type-1-type-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"6024\" data-end=\"6041\">T1+T2 PV SPD:t<\/strong><\/a> yhdistelm\u00e4laatikoissa ja invertterituloissa.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"6089\" data-end=\"6304\"><strong data-start=\"6091\" data-end=\"6115\">Provinkki lukijoille:<\/strong> K\u00e4yt\u00e4 aina a <em data-start=\"6129\" data-end=\"6153\">koordinoitu SPD-j\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4<\/em>. Tyyppi 1 sis\u00e4\u00e4nk\u00e4ynniss\u00e4, tyyppi 2 alapaneeleissa ja tyyppi 3 l\u00e4hell\u00e4 kriittisi\u00e4 kuormia. Lis\u00e4\u00e4 PV:t\u00e4 varten tyypin 2 tai T1+T2 DC SPD:t standardin IEC 61643-31 mukaisesti.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"3151\" data-end=\"3197\">5. Tyypin 1 vs tyypin 2 vs tyypin 3 SPD-laitteet<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"3199\" data-end=\"3436\">Jos haluat syvemp\u00e4\u00e4 sukellusta, tutustu t\u00e4t\u00e4 aihetta k\u00e4sittelev\u00e4\u00e4n blogiimme t\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4:<br data-start=\"3270\" data-end=\"3273\" \/><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/blog\/difference-between-type-1-type-2-and-type-3-surge-protective-devices\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3434\"><em><strong>Ero tyypin 1, tyypin 2 ja tyypin 3 SPD:n v\u00e4lill\u00e4<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3504\">T\u00e4ss\u00e4 on nopea vertailu, joka auttaa sinua valitsemaan oikean SPD-tyypin:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th>Attribuutti<\/th>\r\n<th><strong>Tyyppi 1 SPD<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th><strong>Tyyppi 2 SPD<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th><strong>Tyyppi 3 SPD<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Testattu standardi<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 Class I (10\/350 \u00b5s) + kaksoisluokitus UL Type 1\/2<\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 Class II (8\/20 \u00b5s) + UL Type 2<\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 Class III (yhdistelm\u00e4aalto) + UL Type 3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Tyypillinen sijainti<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Palvelun sis\u00e4\u00e4nk\u00e4ynti \/ p\u00e4\u00e4kytkintaulu<\/td>\r\n<td>Jakotaulujen\/alipaneelien sis\u00e4ll\u00e4<\/td>\r\n<td>1 metrin s\u00e4teell\u00e4 kriittisist\u00e4 kuormista (tietokoneet, ajurit, l\u00e4\u00e4ketieteelliset varusteet)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Ensisijainen toiminto<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>K\u00e4sittele suoraa salamavirtaa; suojaa rakennuksen sis\u00e4\u00e4nk\u00e4ynti\u00e4<\/td>\r\n<td>K\u00e4sittele modulaarisia ylij\u00e4nnitteit\u00e4 kytkenn\u00f6ist\u00e4, vikakaareista jne.<\/td>\r\n<td>Vaimentaa herk\u00e4n elektroniikan j\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6senergiaa.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Parametri Focus<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Korkea impedanssi; Uc \u2265 j\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4n j\u00e4nnite; Koordinointi yl\u00f6sp\u00e4in<\/td>\r\n<td>Imax, Up CSS upstream\/downstream SPD:ill\u00e4<\/td>\r\n<td>Ultra-low Up; tarkka kiristys suojaa herkki\u00e4 kuormia<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Asennus Huomautus<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Vaatii suuren johdotuksen (\u226516 mm\u00b2); voidaan asentaa ilman OCPD:t\u00e4; on sovitettava yhteen tyypin 2 kanssa<\/td>\r\n<td>Edellytt\u00e4\u00e4 yl\u00e4virran ylivirtasuojaa; johdotus \u22656 mm\u00b2<\/td>\r\n<td>Hyvin l\u00e4hell\u00e4 kuormaa; t\u00e4ydennys tyypin 2 yl\u00e4virtaan<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>K\u00e4ytt\u00f6tapaukset<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Rakennukset, joissa on LPS, korkeat rakenteet ja korkeat salamavy\u00f6hykkeet<\/td>\r\n<td>Useimmat kodit, kaupalliset tilat ja teollisuuden alapaneelit<\/td>\r\n<td>PC-klusterit, PLC-telineet, LED-\/l\u00e4\u00e4ketieteelliset j\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4t<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h4 data-start=\"1155\" data-end=\"1168\">Yleiskatsaus<\/h4>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1421\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1258\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1258\"><strong data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1200\">Tyypin 1 SPD:t<\/strong> k\u00e4sittelem\u00e4\u00e4n suurienergisi\u00e4, suoria salamaniskuja (10\/350 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1259\" data-end=\"1334\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1261\" data-end=\"1334\"><strong data-start=\"1261\" data-end=\"1276\">Tyyppi 2 SPD<\/strong> vaimentaa kytkent\u00e4piikkej\u00e4 ja ep\u00e4suoria lakkoja (8\/20 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1335\" data-end=\"1421\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1337\" data-end=\"1421\"><strong data-start=\"1337\" data-end=\"1352\">Tyyppi 3 SPD<\/strong> suojaa herkki\u00e4 laitteita viimeisell\u00e4 maililla (yhdistelm\u00e4aaltomuoto).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"185\" data-end=\"253\">6. Ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaitteiden (SPD) asentaminen ja koordinointi<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"255\" data-end=\"619\">Oikea asennus on yht\u00e4 t\u00e4rke\u00e4\u00e4 kuin oikeantyyppisten ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaitteiden (SPD) valinta. Virheellinen johdotus tai huono koordinointi voi vaarantaa suojaustasot, vaikka SPD itse t\u00e4ytt\u00e4isi IEC- tai UL-standardit. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 ovat t\u00e4rkeimm\u00e4t parhaat k\u00e4yt\u00e4nn\u00f6t standardien IEC 61643-11, IEC 61643-31, UL 1449 ja yrityksemme suunnitteluohjeiden perusteella:<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"255\" data-end=\"619\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/attachment\/spds-install\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2167\"><img class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-2167\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/SPDs-install-1024x726.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"726\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"621\" data-end=\"654\">1. Lyhyin yhteyss\u00e4\u00e4nt\u00f6<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"917\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"789\">\r\n<p data-start=\"657\" data-end=\"789\">Pid\u00e4 kaikki SPD-liit\u00e4nt\u00e4johdot mahdollisimman lyhyin\u00e4 ja suorina, mieluiten \u2264 0,5 m (kuten teknisess\u00e4 ohjekirjassamme suositellaan).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"790\" data-end=\"917\">\r\n<p data-start=\"792\" data-end=\"917\">Pitk\u00e4t johdot lis\u00e4\u00e4v\u00e4t induktiivista j\u00e4nnitteen nousua, mik\u00e4 lis\u00e4\u00e4 suojatun laitteen n\u00e4kem\u00e4\u00e4 j\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6sj\u00e4nnitett\u00e4 (Up).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"919\" data-end=\"950\">2. Oikea johtimen koko<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"951\" data-end=\"1317\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"951\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n<p data-start=\"953\" data-end=\"1002\">K\u00e4yt\u00e4 SPD-tyypin mukaan mitoitettuja johtimia:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1089\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1089\"><strong data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1022\">Tyyppi 1 SPD:<\/strong> v\u00e4hint\u00e4\u00e4n 16 mm\u00b2 kuparia (suurienerginen salamavirta, Iimp).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1092\" data-end=\"1137\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1137\"><strong data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1109\">Tyyppi 2 SPD:<\/strong> v\u00e4hint\u00e4\u00e4n 6 mm\u00b2 kuparia.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1242\"><strong data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1157\">Tyyppi 3 SPD:<\/strong> noudata valmistajan tietoja, tyypillisesti pienempi\u00e4 poikkileikkauksia pienemm\u00e4n virran vuoksi.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1243\" data-end=\"1317\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1245\" data-end=\"1317\">K\u00e4yt\u00e4 aina alhaisen impedanssin omaavia kuparijohtimia ja v\u00e4lt\u00e4 jyrkki\u00e4 mutkia.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1319\" data-end=\"1349\">3. Potentiaalin tasaus<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1447\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1352\" data-end=\"1447\">Kaikki SPD:t on kytkett\u00e4v\u00e4 samaan p\u00e4\u00e4maadoituspalkkiin tai potentiaalintasausj\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4\u00e4n.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1450\" data-end=\"1571\">Liimaus varmistaa, ett\u00e4 ylij\u00e4nnite puretaan turvallisesti maahan, jolloin v\u00e4ltet\u00e4\u00e4n vaaralliset potentiaalierot piirien v\u00e4lill\u00e4.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1573\" data-end=\"1598\">4. SPD-koordinointi<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1599\" data-end=\"2069\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1599\" data-end=\"1738\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1601\" data-end=\"1738\">J\u00e4nnitesuojaustaso (yl\u00f6s) Hierarkia: Yl\u00e4virran SPD:ill\u00e4 (tyyppi 1) tulee aina olla korkeampi Yl\u00f6s kuin alavirran SPD:ll\u00e4 (tyyppi 2\/3).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1739\" data-end=\"1907\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1741\" data-end=\"1907\">Et\u00e4isyyss\u00e4\u00e4nt\u00f6: Jos SPD:n ja suojattujen kuormien v\u00e4linen kaapeli on pidempi kuin 10 m, asenna ylim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4inen alavirtaan SPD (esim. tyyppi 3) paremman suojan saamiseksi.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1908\" data-end=\"2069\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1910\" data-end=\"2069\">Rinnakkaiskoordinaatio: Monivaiheisessa suojauksessa (tyyppi 1 + tyyppi 2 + tyyppi 3) on varmistettava oikea energian jakautuminen, jotta yksitt\u00e4inen laite ei ylikuormitu.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2071\" data-end=\"2105\">5. Back-Up Protection (OCPD)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2106\" data-end=\"2388\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2106\" data-end=\"2187\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2108\" data-end=\"2187\">K\u00e4yt\u00e4 aina erityisi\u00e4 sulakkeita tai katkaisijoita suojaamaan itse SPD:t\u00e4.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2188\" data-end=\"2271\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2190\" data-end=\"2271\">K\u00e4sikirjassamme m\u00e4\u00e4ritell\u00e4\u00e4n varasulakkeiden arvot SPD-mallista ja Imax\/Iimp-mallista riippuen.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2272\" data-end=\"2388\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2274\" data-end=\"2388\">UL 1449 edellytt\u00e4\u00e4 my\u00f6s asianmukaista ylivirtasuojausta SPD:n ylikuumenemisen tai vian est\u00e4miseksi \u00e4\u00e4rimm\u00e4isiss\u00e4 tapahtumissa.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2660\"><strong data-start=\"2397\" data-end=\"2409\">Provinkki:<\/strong> Tarkista aina, ett\u00e4 noudatetaan <strong data-start=\"2440\" data-end=\"2521\">IEC 61643-11 (AC SPD:t), IEC 61643-31 (PV\/DC SPD), <\/strong>tai UL 1449 (Pohjois-Amerikka) alueestasi riippuen. Oikea asennus ja koordinointi maksimoivat SPD:n k\u00e4ytt\u00f6i\u00e4n ja takaavat koko s\u00e4hk\u00f6j\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4n turvallisuuden.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"6325\" data-end=\"6343\">7. Johtop\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6s<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"6344\" data-end=\"6467\">Ylij\u00e4nnitesuojalaitteiden tyypit eiv\u00e4t ole kesken\u00e4\u00e4n vaihdettavissa \u2013 jokaisella on ainutlaatuinen rooli s\u00e4hk\u00f6j\u00e4rjestelmien suojaamisessa.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"6468\" data-end=\"6720\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6468\" data-end=\"6524\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6470\" data-end=\"6524\"><strong data-start=\"6470\" data-end=\"6480\">Tyyppi 1<\/strong> suojat suorilta salamaniskuilta.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6525\" data-end=\"6581\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6527\" data-end=\"6581\"><strong data-start=\"6527\" data-end=\"6537\">Tyyppi 2<\/strong> on jakelukeskusten ty\u00f6hevonen.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6582\" data-end=\"6638\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6584\" data-end=\"6638\"><strong data-start=\"6584\" data-end=\"6594\">Tyyppi 3<\/strong> suojaa herkimpi\u00e4 elektroniikkaasi.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6639\" data-end=\"6720\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6641\" data-end=\"6720\"><strong data-start=\"6641\" data-end=\"6672\">Yhdistelm\u00e4t ja PV\/DC SPD:t<\/strong> kattaa erikoistuneet ja uusiutuvat sovellukset.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"6722\" data-end=\"6892\">Ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 SPD-tyypit, niiden standardit ja asennuss\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6t voit suunnitella kerroksellisen suojan, joka takaa turvallisuuden, minimoi seisokit ja suojaa investointeja.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":2160,"parent":0,"menu_order":125,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[9],"class_list":["post-2163","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-industry-news"],"acf":{"des":"Discover the different Types of Surge Protection Devices (SPDs) \u2014 Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, combo units, and PV\/DC solutions. Backed by IEC and UL standards, this guide explains how each SPD works, where to install it, and how to coordinate them for reliable protection of homes, businesses, and solar systems.","txt":"<h2 data-start=\"384\" data-end=\"404\">1. Introduction<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"405\" data-end=\"685\">Power surges are silent killers in modern electrical systems. From residential electronics to industrial automation and solar plants, even a single transient overvoltage can cause downtime, costly repairs, or equipment failure. The solution? <strong data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"683\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Surge Protection Devices (SPDs)<\/a><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"952\">In this guide, we\u2019ll break down the different Types of Surge Protection Devices, explain how they work, and compare their applications. By the end, you\u2019ll know exactly which SPD types fit your system \u2014 whether it\u2019s a home, data center, or PV installation.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"959\" data-end=\"1001\">2. What Are Surge Protection Devices?<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1002\" data-end=\"1283\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong data-start=\"1004\" data-end=\"1037\">Surge Protection Device (SPD)<\/strong> <\/span><\/a>is a safety component installed in an electrical system to limit transient overvoltages caused by lightning strikes, switching events, or utility disturbances. It works by diverting surge energy safely to earth, protecting connected equipment.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1285\" data-end=\"1440\">Think of an SPD as a pressure-release valve: it doesn\u2019t stop the surge from happening, but it channels the excess energy away from sensitive electronics.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1285\" data-end=\"1440\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product-category\/ac-power-surge-protection\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2160\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2160 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/BR-20-4P-1Type-2-Surge-Protection-Device.jpg-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Types of Surge Protection Devices\" width=\"705\" height=\"705\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1447\" data-end=\"1486\">3. How Does Surge Protection Work?<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1487\" data-end=\"1734\">SPDs rely on components such as Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs), Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs), and spark gaps. When voltage exceeds a safe threshold (Uc), the SPD switches into conduction mode, clamping the surge to a lower residual voltage (Up).<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1736\" data-end=\"1767\">Key parameters to understand:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"2141\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"1853\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1770\" data-end=\"1853\"><strong data-start=\"1770\" data-end=\"1816\">Uc (Maximum Continuous Operating Voltage):<\/strong> the normal voltage the SPD can handle.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1854\" data-end=\"1945\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1856\" data-end=\"1945\"><strong data-start=\"1856\" data-end=\"1890\">Up (Voltage Protection Level):<\/strong> clamping voltage that downstream devices will \u201csee.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1946\" data-end=\"2048\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"2048\"><strong data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"2000\">In \/ Imax (Nominal &amp; Maximum Discharge Current):<\/strong> how much surge current the device can absorb.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2049\" data-end=\"2141\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2051\" data-end=\"2141\"><strong data-start=\"2051\" data-end=\"2078\">Iimp (Impulse Current):<\/strong> specific to Type 1, representing lightning strike waveforms.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/attachment\/spd-install\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2159\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2159\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/SPD-install.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"745\" height=\"609\" \/><\/a>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"486\" data-end=\"527\">4. Types of Surge Protection Devices<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"529\" data-end=\"821\">Understanding SPD types is the key to designing layered surge protection. International standards such as <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/65314\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"639\" data-end=\"660\">IEC 61643-11 (AC)<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"662\" data-end=\"686\">IEC 61643-31 (DC\/PV)<\/strong><\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nemasurge.org\/ul-1449-transient-voltage-surge-suppressors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"692\" data-end=\"719\">UL 1449 (North America)<\/strong> <\/a>define different classes based on test waveforms, energy capability, and installation location.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"823\" data-end=\"975\">Below, we break down the different types of surge protection devices (SPDs) you\u2019ll encounter, with their technical roles and application guidance.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"982\" data-end=\"1038\">4.1 Type 1 SPDs (IEC 61643-11, Class I, 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1975\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1201\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1041\" data-end=\"1201\"><strong data-start=\"1041\" data-end=\"1056\">Definition:<\/strong> Designed to discharge partial lightning current. Tested with the 10\/350 \u00b5s impulse waveform (Iimp) representing a direct lightning strike.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1202\" data-end=\"1383\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1204\" data-end=\"1383\"><strong data-start=\"1204\" data-end=\"1227\">Installation Point:<\/strong> Service entrance, typically upstream of the main distribution board. Often used in buildings equipped with an external Lightning Protection System (LPS).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1384\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1386\" data-end=\"1407\"><strong data-start=\"1386\" data-end=\"1405\">Key Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1410\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1410\" data-end=\"1475\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1412\" data-end=\"1475\">Iimp (Impulse Current): rated lightning current capacity.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1478\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1480\" data-end=\"1571\">Uc (Maximum Continuous Operating Voltage): ensures no damage during normal operation.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1574\" data-end=\"1658\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1576\" data-end=\"1658\">Up (Voltage Protection Level): residual voltage seen by downstream circuits.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1659\" data-end=\"1731\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1731\"><strong data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1681\">Technology Used:<\/strong> Spark gaps, heavy-duty MOVs, or hybrid designs.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1750\"><strong data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1748\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1753\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1753\" data-end=\"1806\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1755\" data-end=\"1806\">Industrial facilities, telecom towers, hospitals.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1809\" data-end=\"1862\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1811\" data-end=\"1862\">Tall buildings in high lightning density regions.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1863\" data-end=\"1975\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1865\" data-end=\"1975\"><strong data-start=\"1865\" data-end=\"1877\">Example:<\/strong> A factory with rooftop lightning rods will require Type 1 SPDs at the main incoming supply.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1982\" data-end=\"2037\">4.2 Type 2 SPDs (IEC 61643-11, Class II, 8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2824\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2167\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2040\" data-end=\"2167\"><strong data-start=\"2040\" data-end=\"2055\">Definition:<\/strong> Handles switching surges and indirect lightning effects. Tested with 8\/20 \u00b5s current waveform (In, Imax).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2168\" data-end=\"2248\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2170\" data-end=\"2248\"><strong data-start=\"2170\" data-end=\"2193\">Installation Point:<\/strong> Main or sub-distribution boards inside the facility.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2249\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2251\" data-end=\"2272\"><strong data-start=\"2251\" data-end=\"2270\">Key Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2275\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2275\" data-end=\"2347\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2277\" data-end=\"2347\">In (Nominal Discharge Current): endurance under multiple surges.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2350\" data-end=\"2417\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2352\" data-end=\"2417\">Imax (Maximum Discharge Current): maximum surge capability.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2420\" data-end=\"2496\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2422\" data-end=\"2496\">Up: must coordinate with both upstream Type 1 and downstream Type 3.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2497\" data-end=\"2578\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2578\"><strong data-start=\"2499\" data-end=\"2519\">Technology Used:<\/strong> MOV-based modules, often pluggable for easy replacement.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2579\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2581\" data-end=\"2597\"><strong data-start=\"2581\" data-end=\"2595\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2600\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2600\" data-end=\"2655\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2602\" data-end=\"2655\">Residential homes, office buildings, retail stores.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2658\" data-end=\"2716\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2660\" data-end=\"2716\">Standard protection in areas with moderate surge risk.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2717\" data-end=\"2824\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2719\" data-end=\"2824\"><strong data-start=\"2719\" data-end=\"2731\">Example:<\/strong> A small office without external LPS would typically use Type 2 SPDs in the main board.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nWant a detailed breakdown? Read our full guide: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><strong data-start=\"1021\" data-end=\"1147\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/blog\/what-is-a-type-2-surge-protection-device\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1023\" data-end=\"1145\">What Is a Type 2 Surge Protection Device?<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2831\" data-end=\"2890\">4.3 Type 3 SPDs (IEC 61643-11, Class III, combo wave)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"3555\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2891\" data-end=\"3022\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2893\" data-end=\"3022\"><strong data-start=\"2893\" data-end=\"2908\">Definition:<\/strong> Fine protection for terminal equipment. Tested with combination wave (1.2\/50 \u00b5s voltage + 8\/20 \u00b5s current).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3023\" data-end=\"3126\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3025\" data-end=\"3126\"><strong data-start=\"3025\" data-end=\"3048\">Installation Point:<\/strong> As close as possible to the protected device (socket outlet, device input).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3127\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3129\" data-end=\"3150\"><strong data-start=\"3129\" data-end=\"3148\">Key Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3155\" data-end=\"3216\">Up: very low clamping level to protect sensitive loads.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3219\" data-end=\"3273\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3221\" data-end=\"3273\">Must be used in coordination with upstream Type 2.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3274\" data-end=\"3348\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3348\"><strong data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3296\">Technology Used:<\/strong> MOVs combined with filters for extra attenuation.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3349\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3351\" data-end=\"3367\"><strong data-start=\"3351\" data-end=\"3365\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3370\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3370\" data-end=\"3435\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3372\" data-end=\"3435\">Computers, LED drivers, medical electronics, and control systems.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3436\" data-end=\"3555\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3555\"><strong data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3450\">Example:<\/strong> A hospital MRI machine requires Type 3 SPD near the device, working together with upstream Type 2.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nLearn more in our dedicated article: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><strong data-start=\"1474\" data-end=\"1584\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/blog\/what-is-a-type-3-surge-protector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1476\" data-end=\"1582\">What Is a Type 3 Surge Protector?<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3562\" data-end=\"3594\">4.4 T1+T2 Combination SPDs<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"3595\" data-end=\"4178\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3595\" data-end=\"3710\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3597\" data-end=\"3710\"><strong data-start=\"3597\" data-end=\"3612\">Definition:<\/strong> A single SPD unit tested for both Class I (10\/350 \u00b5s) and Class II (8\/20 \u00b5s) waveforms.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3711\" data-end=\"3804\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3713\" data-end=\"3804\"><strong data-start=\"3713\" data-end=\"3725\">Benefit:<\/strong> Protects against direct lightning as well as switching surges in one device.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3805\" data-end=\"3895\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3807\" data-end=\"3895\"><strong data-start=\"3807\" data-end=\"3830\">Installation Point:<\/strong> Service entrance when space or budget limits multiple devices.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3896\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3898\" data-end=\"3914\"><strong data-start=\"3898\" data-end=\"3912\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"3996\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3919\" data-end=\"3996\">Medium-sized commercial or residential buildings need compact solutions.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3999\" data-end=\"4076\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4001\" data-end=\"4076\">Sites where coordination between separate Type 1 and Type 2 is difficult.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4077\" data-end=\"4178\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4079\" data-end=\"4178\"><strong data-start=\"4079\" data-end=\"4091\">Example:<\/strong> A shopping mall's main switchboard may install a T1+T2 SPD to simplify protection.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4185\" data-end=\"4217\">4.5 T2+T3 Combination SPDs<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"4218\" data-end=\"4676\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4218\" data-end=\"4299\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4220\" data-end=\"4299\"><strong data-start=\"4220\" data-end=\"4235\">Definition:<\/strong> Hybrid devices are tested for Class II and Class III performance.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4300\" data-end=\"4374\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4302\" data-end=\"4374\"><strong data-start=\"4302\" data-end=\"4314\">Benefit:<\/strong> Provides both distribution-level and terminal protection.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4375\" data-end=\"4477\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4377\" data-end=\"4477\"><strong data-start=\"4377\" data-end=\"4400\">Installation Point:<\/strong> Sub-panels close to sensitive loads, especially if cable runs exceed 10 m.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4478\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4496\"><strong data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4494\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4499\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4499\" data-end=\"4559\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4501\" data-end=\"4559\">Data centers, server rooms, industrial control cabinets.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4560\" data-end=\"4676\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4562\" data-end=\"4676\"><strong data-start=\"4562\" data-end=\"4574\">Example:<\/strong> A factory automation line with long cable runs to PLCs can use a T2+T3 SPD near the PLC panels.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4683\" data-end=\"4734\">4.6 Type 4 SPDs (UL 1449, North America only)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"4735\" data-end=\"5324\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4735\" data-end=\"4856\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4737\" data-end=\"4856\"><strong data-start=\"4737\" data-end=\"4762\">Definition (UL 1449):<\/strong> Component assemblies not intended as stand-alone devices but integrated into OEM equipment.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4857\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4859\" data-end=\"4879\"><strong data-start=\"4859\" data-end=\"4877\">Subcategories:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4882\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4882\" data-end=\"4965\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4884\" data-end=\"4965\">Type 4 Component Assemblies (CA): pre-packaged SPD parts for manufacturers.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4968\" data-end=\"5012\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4970\" data-end=\"5012\">Type 5 Components: raw MOVs or GDTs.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5013\" data-end=\"5099\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5015\" data-end=\"5099\"><strong data-start=\"5015\" data-end=\"5038\">Installation Point:<\/strong> Inside appliances, power supplies, or custom-built panels.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5102\" data-end=\"5118\"><strong data-start=\"5102\" data-end=\"5116\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5121\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5121\" data-end=\"5166\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5123\" data-end=\"5166\">OEMs designing surge-protected equipment.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5169\" data-end=\"5230\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5171\" data-end=\"5230\">Specialized industrial gear in the North American market.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5231\" data-end=\"5324\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5233\" data-end=\"5324\"><strong data-start=\"5233\" data-end=\"5245\">Example:<\/strong> A UPS manufacturer integrates Type 4 SPD assemblies inside its products.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5331\" data-end=\"5382\">4.7 PV\/DC SPDs (IEC 61643-31, up to 1500 VDC)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5383\" data-end=\"6082\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5383\" data-end=\"5474\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5385\" data-end=\"5474\"><strong data-start=\"5385\" data-end=\"5400\">Definition:<\/strong> Surge protection devices designed for photovoltaic and DC circuits.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5475\" data-end=\"5555\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5477\" data-end=\"5555\"><strong data-start=\"5477\" data-end=\"5496\">Test Standards:<\/strong> IEC 61643-31 specifies requirements for DC applications.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5556\" data-end=\"5647\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5558\" data-end=\"5647\"><strong data-start=\"5558\" data-end=\"5581\">Installation Point:<\/strong> PV array combiner boxes, inverters, and DC distribution boards.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5648\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5650\" data-end=\"5671\"><strong data-start=\"5650\" data-end=\"5669\">Key Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5674\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5674\" data-end=\"5740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5676\" data-end=\"5740\">Ucpv: rated continuous PV voltage (600 V, 1000 V, 1500 V).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5743\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5745\" data-end=\"5796\">In \/ Imax: surge current handling on the DC side.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5876\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5801\" data-end=\"5876\">Response time: must be fast enough for semiconductor-based inverters.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5877\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5879\" data-end=\"5895\"><strong data-start=\"5879\" data-end=\"5893\">Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5898\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5898\" data-end=\"5976\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5900\" data-end=\"5976\">Utility-scale solar farms, rooftop PV systems, battery storage facilities.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5977\" data-end=\"6082\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5979\" data-end=\"6082\"><strong data-start=\"5979\" data-end=\"5991\">Example:<\/strong> A 1500 VDC solar farm will need <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product_category\/pv-surge-protection-type-1-type-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"6024\" data-end=\"6041\">T1+T2 PV SPDs<\/strong><\/a> at combiner boxes and inverter inputs.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"6089\" data-end=\"6304\"><strong data-start=\"6091\" data-end=\"6115\">Pro Tip for readers:<\/strong> Always use a <em data-start=\"6129\" data-end=\"6153\">coordinated SPD system<\/em>. Type 1 at the entrance, Type 2 at sub-panels, and Type 3 close to critical loads. For PV, add Type 2 or T1+T2 DC SPDs as specified by IEC 61643-31.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"3151\" data-end=\"3197\">5. Type 1 vs Type 2 vs Type 3 SPD Devices<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"3199\" data-end=\"3436\">If you want a deeper dive, check our dedicated blog on this topic here:<br data-start=\"3270\" data-end=\"3273\" \/><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/blog\/difference-between-type-1-type-2-and-type-3-surge-protective-devices\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"3276\" data-end=\"3434\"><em><strong>Difference Between Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 SPDs<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3438\" data-end=\"3504\">Here\u2019s a quick comparison to help you choose the right SPD type:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th>Attribute<\/th>\r\n<th><strong>Type 1 SPD<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th><strong>Type 2 SPD<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th><strong>Type 3 SPD<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Tested Standard<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 Class I (10\/350 \u00b5s) + dual-rated UL Type 1\/2<\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 Class II (8\/20 \u00b5s) + UL Type 2<\/td>\r\n<td>IEC 61643-11 Class III (combination wave) + UL Type 3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Typical Location<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Service entrance \/ Main switchboard<\/td>\r\n<td>Inside distribution boards\/sub-panels<\/td>\r\n<td>Within 1 m of critical loads (computers, drivers, medical gear)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Primary Function<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Handle direct lightning current; protect building entrance<\/td>\r\n<td>Handle modular surges from switching, fault arcs, etc.<\/td>\r\n<td>Suppress residual energy for sensitive electronics.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Parameter Focus<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>High impedance; Uc \u2265 system voltage; Up coordination<\/td>\r\n<td>In Imax, Up cascading with upstream\/downstream SPDs<\/td>\r\n<td>Ultra-low Up; precise clamping to protect sensitive loads<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Installation Note<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Needs large wiring (\u226516 mm\u00b2); can be installed without upstream OCPD; must be coordinated with Type 2<\/td>\r\n<td>Requires upstream overcurrent protection; wiring \u22656 mm\u00b2<\/td>\r\n<td>Very close to load; supplement to upstream Type 2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Use Cases<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Buildings with LPS, tall structures, and high lightning zones<\/td>\r\n<td>Most homes, commercial facilities, and industrial sub-panels<\/td>\r\n<td>PC clusters, PLC racks, LED\/medical systems<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h4 data-start=\"1155\" data-end=\"1168\">Overview<\/h4>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1421\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1258\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1258\"><strong data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1200\">Type 1 SPDs<\/strong> handle high-energy, direct lightning strokes (10\/350 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1259\" data-end=\"1334\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1261\" data-end=\"1334\"><strong data-start=\"1261\" data-end=\"1276\">Type 2 SPDs<\/strong> mitigate switching surges and indirect strikes (8\/20 \u00b5s).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1335\" data-end=\"1421\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1337\" data-end=\"1421\"><strong data-start=\"1337\" data-end=\"1352\">Type 3 SPDs<\/strong> protect sensitive equipment at the last mile (combination waveform).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"185\" data-end=\"253\">6. How to Install and Coordinate Surge Protection Devices (SPD)<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"255\" data-end=\"619\">Correct installation is just as critical as selecting the right Types of Surge Protection Devices (SPD). Improper wiring or poor coordination can compromise protection levels, even if the SPD itself meets IEC or UL standards. Based on IEC 61643-11, IEC 61643-31, UL 1449, and our company\u2019s engineering guidelines, here are the key best practices:<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"255\" data-end=\"619\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/attachment\/spds-install\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2167\"><img class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-2167\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/SPDs-install-1024x726.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"726\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"621\" data-end=\"654\">1. Shortest Connection Rule<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"917\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"789\">\r\n<p data-start=\"657\" data-end=\"789\">Keep all SPD connecting leads as short and straight as possible, ideally \u2264 0.5 m (as recommended in our technical manual).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"790\" data-end=\"917\">\r\n<p data-start=\"792\" data-end=\"917\">Long leads introduce inductive voltage rise, which increases the residual voltage (Up) seen by the protected equipment.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"919\" data-end=\"950\">2. Correct Conductor Size<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"951\" data-end=\"1317\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"951\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n<p data-start=\"953\" data-end=\"1002\">Use conductors sized according to the SPD type:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1089\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1089\"><strong data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1022\">Type 1 SPD:<\/strong> minimum 16 mm\u00b2 copper (high-energy lightning current, Iimp).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1092\" data-end=\"1137\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1137\"><strong data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1109\">Type 2 SPD:<\/strong> minimum 6 mm\u00b2 copper.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"1242\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1242\"><strong data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1157\">Type 3 SPD:<\/strong> follow the manufacturer\u2019s data, typically smaller cross-sections due to lower current.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1243\" data-end=\"1317\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1245\" data-end=\"1317\">Always use copper conductors with low impedance and avoid sharp bends.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1319\" data-end=\"1349\">3. Equipotential Bonding<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1447\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1352\" data-end=\"1447\">All SPDs must be connected to the same main earthing bar or equipotential bonding system.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1571\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1450\" data-end=\"1571\">Bonding ensures surge energy is safely discharged to ground, avoiding dangerous potential differences between circuits.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1573\" data-end=\"1598\">4. SPD Coordination<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1599\" data-end=\"2069\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1599\" data-end=\"1738\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1601\" data-end=\"1738\">Voltage Protection Level (Up) Hierarchy: Upstream SPDs (Type 1) should always have a higher Up than downstream SPDs (Type 2\/3).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1739\" data-end=\"1907\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1741\" data-end=\"1907\">Distance Rule: If the cable between SPDs and protected loads is longer than 10 m, install an additional downstream SPD (e.g., Type 3) for better protection.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1908\" data-end=\"2069\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1910\" data-end=\"2069\">Parallel Coordination: For multi-stage protection (Type 1 + Type 2 + Type 3), ensure proper energy distribution so that no single device is overstressed.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2071\" data-end=\"2105\">5. Back-Up Protection (OCPD)<\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2106\" data-end=\"2388\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2106\" data-end=\"2187\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2108\" data-end=\"2187\">Always use dedicated fuses or circuit breakers to protect the SPD itself.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2188\" data-end=\"2271\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2190\" data-end=\"2271\">Our manual specifies back-up fuse ratings depending on SPD model and Imax\/Iimp.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2272\" data-end=\"2388\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2274\" data-end=\"2388\">UL 1449 also requires proper overcurrent protection to prevent SPD overheating or failure during extreme events.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2660\"><strong data-start=\"2397\" data-end=\"2409\">Pro Tip:<\/strong> Always verify compliance with <strong data-start=\"2440\" data-end=\"2521\">IEC 61643-11 (AC SPDs), IEC 61643-31 (PV\/DC SPDs), <\/strong>or UL 1449 (North America) depending on your region. Correct installation and coordination maximize SPD lifetime and ensure safety of the entire electrical system.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"6325\" data-end=\"6343\">7. Conclusion<\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"6344\" data-end=\"6467\">Types of Surge Protection Devices are not interchangeable \u2014 each plays a unique role in defending electrical systems.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"6468\" data-end=\"6720\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6468\" data-end=\"6524\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6470\" data-end=\"6524\"><strong data-start=\"6470\" data-end=\"6480\">Type 1<\/strong> shields against direct lightning strikes.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6525\" data-end=\"6581\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6527\" data-end=\"6581\"><strong data-start=\"6527\" data-end=\"6537\">Type 2<\/strong> is the workhorse for distribution boards.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6582\" data-end=\"6638\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6584\" data-end=\"6638\"><strong data-start=\"6584\" data-end=\"6594\">Type 3<\/strong> protects your most sensitive electronics.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"6639\" data-end=\"6720\">\r\n<p data-start=\"6641\" data-end=\"6720\"><strong data-start=\"6641\" data-end=\"6672\">Combinations and PV\/DC SPDs<\/strong> cover specialized and renewable applications.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"6722\" data-end=\"6892\">By understanding SPD types, their standards, and installation rules, you can design a layered defense that ensures safety, minimizes downtime, and protects investments.<\/p>"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/2163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=2163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}