{"id":784,"date":"2023-12-19T15:48:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T07:48:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=784"},"modified":"2025-05-26T14:38:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T06:38:24","slug":"classification-of-spds","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/el\/blog\/classification-of-spds\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u0395\u0395\u03a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (SPD) \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.\r\n<h2><strong>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 SPD:<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<ul data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"566\">\r\n<p data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"566\">\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"607\">\r\n<p data-start=\"569\" data-end=\"607\">\u03a1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (Iimp)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"646\">\r\n<p data-start=\"610\" data-end=\"646\">\u039f\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (I)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"684\">\r\n<p data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"684\">\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"735\">\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"735\">\u0394\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 (Isccr)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"792\">\r\n<p data-start=\"738\" data-end=\"792\">\u0394\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Uc (Ifi)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n<p data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"826\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 (TOV)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"828\" data-end=\"1016\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 SPD \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 SPD<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1055\" data-end=\"1156\">\u03a4\u03b1 SPD \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1158\" data-end=\"1187\"><strong data-start=\"1162\" data-end=\"1187\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1220\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 SPD \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1257\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1257\">\u0395\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1258\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1292\">\u0395\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1294\" data-end=\"1417\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 SPD \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1419\" data-end=\"1461\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1494\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1494\">\u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1 \u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 (MOV)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1497\" data-end=\"1539\">\u0394\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (TVS).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1584\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1587\" data-end=\"1615\">\u03a3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 (GDT)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1616\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1618\" data-end=\"1628\">\u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1725\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-17918 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png 570w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-400x247.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-150x93.png 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"352\" \/>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1770\"><strong data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1770\">\u03a4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 SPD \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1941\">\u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf ANSI\/IEEE C62.41, \u03c4\u03bf IEC 61643-11 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 VDE, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 SPD \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1943\" data-end=\"1961\"><strong data-start=\"1947\" data-end=\"1961\">\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 1 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/el\/product\/brpv3-1000-12-5vg-1000v-12-5ka-type-12-pv-class-i-class-ii-spd\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2104\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2104\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/PV-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"\u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 1\" width=\"742\" height=\"742\" \/><\/a>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2035\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1965\" data-end=\"2035\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 Iimp (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2036\" data-end=\"2085\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2085\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 8\/20 \u00b5s<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2086\" data-end=\"2139\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2088\" data-end=\"2139\">\u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2140\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2210\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2212\" data-end=\"2230\"><strong data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2230\">\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 2 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2290\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2234\" data-end=\"2290\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2291\" data-end=\"2362\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2293\" data-end=\"2362\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 Imax (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2363\" data-end=\"2429\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2365\" data-end=\"2429\">\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7: \u03a4\u03bf Imax \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2525\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2432\" data-end=\"2525\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 SPD \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 1,2\/50 \u00b5s.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2526\" data-end=\"2586\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2528\" data-end=\"2586\">\u0395\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2587\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2589\" data-end=\"2651\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2671\"><strong data-start=\"2657\" data-end=\"2671\">\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 3 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2675\" data-end=\"2722\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2765\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2727\" data-end=\"2765\">\u03a4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 Uoc (1,2\/50 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2768\" data-end=\"2807\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2770\" data-end=\"2807\">\u03a1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 Icw (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2810\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2812\" data-end=\"2843\">\u039f\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5: 2 \u03a9<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2844\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2846\" data-end=\"2913\">\u0395\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"2920\" data-end=\"2960\"><strong data-start=\"2923\" data-end=\"2960\">\u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 SPD \u03c3\u03b5 \u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u0397\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"2962\" data-end=\"3069\">\u03a4\u03b1 SPD \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd AC \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 DC, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3071\" data-end=\"3110\"><strong data-start=\"3075\" data-end=\"3110\">1. \u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 AC Power System<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/el\/classification-of-spds\/attachment\/ac-power-surge-protection-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2103\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2103\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AC-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"\u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2\" width=\"868\" height=\"868\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p data-start=\"3112\" data-end=\"3303\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 SPD \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3392\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3392\"><strong data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3322\">SPD \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 1<\/strong>: \u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3393\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3453\"><strong data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3410\">SPD \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2<\/strong>: \u0395\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3455\" data-end=\"3591\">\u03a4\u03b1 SPD \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Uc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 (Isccr).<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3593\" data-end=\"3629\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3677\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3632\" data-end=\"3677\">MOV \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c6\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3678\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3680\" data-end=\"3736\">GDT \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3738\" data-end=\"3801\">\u039f \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b6\u03c9\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3808\" data-end=\"3847\"><strong data-start=\"3812\" data-end=\"3847\">2. \u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2 DC<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"3849\" data-end=\"3868\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 DC \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3894\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3871\" data-end=\"3894\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3895\" data-end=\"3926\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3897\" data-end=\"3926\">\u0392\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3927\" data-end=\"3946\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3929\" data-end=\"3946\">\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3947\" data-end=\"3962\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3949\" data-end=\"3962\">\u03a6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 EV<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3963\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3965\" data-end=\"3979\">Solar DC \u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3981\" data-end=\"4095\">\u2026\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 SPD \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03be\u03b1.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4097\" data-end=\"4105\">DC SPD:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4143\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4108\" data-end=\"4143\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 MOV \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4144\" data-end=\"4208\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4208\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4209\" data-end=\"4270\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4211\" data-end=\"4270\">\u0395\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb DC, \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4271\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4273\" data-end=\"4332\">\u0392\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ae \u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03cd\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4339\" data-end=\"4387\"><strong data-start=\"4343\" data-end=\"4387\">3. \u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u03a6\u0392).<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"4389\" data-end=\"4540\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 1500 VDC), \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03c3\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4542\" data-end=\"4576\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03a6\/\u0392 SPD \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4597\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4597\"><a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4595\">IEC 61643-31<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4598\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.standards.iteh.ai\/samples\/22527\/5b6a4f03275341d2bd18880b7a0877e7\/SIST-EN-50539-11-2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\">EN 50539-11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4617\" data-end=\"4638\">\u0388\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4685\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4685\"><strong data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4652\">\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac DC<\/strong>: \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a6\/\u0392 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03b1<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4686\" data-end=\"4740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4740\"><strong data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4706\">\u0395\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03b1<\/strong>: \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 DC<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4741\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4791\"><strong data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4754\">\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac AC<\/strong>: \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4793\" data-end=\"4814\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4837\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4817\" data-end=\"4837\">\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc MCOV (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4838\" data-end=\"4871\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4840\" data-end=\"4871\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4872\" data-end=\"4891\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4874\" data-end=\"4891\">\u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4892\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4894\" data-end=\"4942\">\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 (\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac DC \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4944\" data-end=\"5038\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 PV SPD \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (ROI).<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5045\" data-end=\"5094\"><strong data-start=\"5048\" data-end=\"5094\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Iimp \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Imax \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 SPD<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5096\" data-end=\"5136\"><strong data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5136\">\u03a1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (Iimp)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5174\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5140\" data-end=\"5174\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 SPD \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 1<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5177\" data-end=\"5216\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5217\" data-end=\"5255\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5219\" data-end=\"5255\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae 10\/350 \u03bcs<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5256\" data-end=\"5325\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5258\" data-end=\"5325\">\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 SPD \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5326\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5328\" data-end=\"5403\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ae \u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5405\" data-end=\"5445\"><strong data-start=\"5409\" data-end=\"5445\">\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (Imax)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5483\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5449\" data-end=\"5483\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 SPD \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5484\" data-end=\"5567\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5486\" data-end=\"5567\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03ae \u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5568\" data-end=\"5604\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5570\" data-end=\"5604\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae 8\/20 \u00b5s<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5605\" data-end=\"5643\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5607\" data-end=\"5643\">\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5644\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5646\" data-end=\"5717\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"5719\" data-end=\"5737\"><strong data-start=\"5722\" data-end=\"5736\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5796\"><strong data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5748\">Iimp<\/strong> = \u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5797\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5943\"><strong data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5807\">Imax<\/strong> = \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2<br data-start=\"5867\" data-end=\"5870\" \/>\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 SPD \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5950\" data-end=\"5967\"><strong data-start=\"5953\" data-end=\"5967\">\u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c8\u03b7<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"5969\" data-end=\"6277\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf 1, 2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 3, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 Uc, Up, Iimp \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Imax, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6279\" data-end=\"6457\">\u0395\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd SPD \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 O&amp;M \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6459\" data-end=\"6579\">\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf SPD \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":785,"parent":0,"menu_order":182,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[8],"class_list":["post-784","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-company-news"],"acf":{"des":"A surge protective device (SPD) is designed to protect electrical systems and equipment from surge events by limiting transient voltages and diverting surge currents.","txt":"A surge protective device (SPD) protects electrical systems and equipment from surge events by limiting transient voltages and diverting surge currents.\r\n<h2><strong>The important technical characteristics of SPD:<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<ul data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"566\">\r\n<p data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"566\">Maximum continuous operating voltage (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"607\">\r\n<p data-start=\"569\" data-end=\"607\">Lightning impulse current (Iimp)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"646\">\r\n<p data-start=\"610\" data-end=\"646\">Nominal discharge current (I)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"684\">\r\n<p data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"684\">Voltage protection level (Up)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"735\">\r\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"735\">Short circuit withstand capability (Isccr)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"792\">\r\n<p data-start=\"738\" data-end=\"792\">Freewheeling interruption capability at Uc (Ifi)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"826\">\r\n<p data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"826\">Transient overvoltage (TOV)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"828\" data-end=\"1016\">These parameters determine the SPD\u2019s performance under different fault conditions and must be matched carefully to the system\u2019s voltage, installation point, and expected surge environment.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>SPD Categories or Types<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1055\" data-end=\"1156\">SPDs are generally classified based on internal working principles and standard testing methods.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1158\" data-end=\"1187\"><strong data-start=\"1162\" data-end=\"1187\">By Component Behavior<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1220\">The two main types of SPDs are:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1222\" data-end=\"1257\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1257\">Voltage limiting components<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1258\" data-end=\"1292\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1292\">Voltage switching components<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1294\" data-end=\"1417\">Most modern SPDs incorporate both component types to combine the advantages of each and reduce their respective weaknesses.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1419\" data-end=\"1461\">Voltage limiting components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1494\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1494\">Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1539\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1497\" data-end=\"1539\">Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) diodes<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1584\">Voltage switching components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1587\" data-end=\"1615\">Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1616\" data-end=\"1628\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1618\" data-end=\"1628\">Spark gaps<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1725\">These components differ in response speed, energy-handling capacity, and aging characteristics.<\/p>\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-17918 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png 570w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-400x247.png 400w, https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-150x93.png 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"352\" \/>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"1732\" data-end=\"1770\"><strong data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1770\">SPD Classification by Standards<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1941\">According to ANSI\/IEEE C62.41, IEC 61643-11, and VDE Classification, there are three standard SPD types based on their tested waveform and application level.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"1943\" data-end=\"1961\"><strong data-start=\"1947\" data-end=\"1961\">Type 1 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/product\/brpv3-1000-12-5vg-1000v-12-5ka-type-12-pv-class-i-class-ii-spd\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2104\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2104\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/PV-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Type 1 Surge Protection Device\" width=\"742\" height=\"742\" \/><\/a>\r\n<ul data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2035\">\r\n<p data-start=\"1965\" data-end=\"2035\">Tested with impulse discharge current Iimp (typically 10\/350 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2036\" data-end=\"2085\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2085\">Also tested with 8\/20 \u00b5s current impulses<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2086\" data-end=\"2139\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2088\" data-end=\"2139\">Designed for installation at the service entrance<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2140\" data-end=\"2210\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2210\">Protects against direct lightning current and high-energy surges<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2212\" data-end=\"2230\"><strong data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2230\">Type 2 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2232\" data-end=\"2290\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2234\" data-end=\"2290\">Tested with nominal discharge current in (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2291\" data-end=\"2362\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2293\" data-end=\"2362\">Optionally tested with maximum discharge current Imax (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2363\" data-end=\"2429\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2365\" data-end=\"2429\">Note: Imax is not recommended as a basis for SPD selection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2525\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2432\" data-end=\"2525\">For SPDs with voltage switching components, also tested with 1.2\/50 \u00b5s voltage impulses.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2526\" data-end=\"2586\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2528\" data-end=\"2586\">Installed at sub-distribution boards or equipment inputs<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2587\" data-end=\"2651\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2589\" data-end=\"2651\">Protects against switching surges and indirect lightning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2671\"><strong data-start=\"2657\" data-end=\"2671\">Type 3 SPD<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2673\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2675\" data-end=\"2722\">Tested with a combination wave generator:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2765\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2727\" data-end=\"2765\">Open-circuit voltage Uoc (1.2\/50 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2768\" data-end=\"2807\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2770\" data-end=\"2807\">Short-circuit current Icw (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2810\" data-end=\"2843\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2812\" data-end=\"2843\">Nominal output impedance: 2 \u03a9<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"2844\" data-end=\"2913\">\r\n<p data-start=\"2846\" data-end=\"2913\">Installed near sensitive terminal equipment for fine protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"2920\" data-end=\"2960\"><strong data-start=\"2923\" data-end=\"2960\">SPD Applications in Power Systems<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"2962\" data-end=\"3069\">SPDs are used in a wide range of AC and DC systems, each having specific design and selection requirements.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3071\" data-end=\"3110\"><strong data-start=\"3075\" data-end=\"3110\">1. AC Power System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/classification-of-spds\/attachment\/ac-power-surge-protection-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2103\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2103\" src=\"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AC-Power-Surge-Protection-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"AC Power Surge Protection Device\" width=\"868\" height=\"868\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p data-start=\"3112\" data-end=\"3303\">In AC distribution systems, SPDs are mainly used to protect equipment and power networks from transient overvoltages caused by lightning strikes, utility switching, and fault-clearing events.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3392\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3392\"><strong data-start=\"3307\" data-end=\"3322\">Type 1 SPDs<\/strong>: Installed at main distribution boards to handle high-energy surges<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3393\" data-end=\"3453\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3453\"><strong data-start=\"3395\" data-end=\"3410\">Type 2 SPDs<\/strong>: Installed downstream for local protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3455\" data-end=\"3591\">SPDs for AC must match the system\u2019s nominal voltage and Uc while offering sufficient short-circuit withstand capability (Isccr).<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"3593\" data-end=\"3629\">Typical internal components include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3677\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3632\" data-end=\"3677\">MOVs for fast response and voltage clamping<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3678\" data-end=\"3736\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3680\" data-end=\"3736\">GDTs for high energy handling and isolation from leakage<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3738\" data-end=\"3801\">The combination of both ensures fast suppression and longevity.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 data-start=\"3808\" data-end=\"3847\"><strong data-start=\"3812\" data-end=\"3847\">2. DC Power System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"3849\" data-end=\"3868\">DC systems such as:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3869\" data-end=\"3894\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3871\" data-end=\"3894\">Telecom base stations<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3895\" data-end=\"3926\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3897\" data-end=\"3926\">Industrial control cabinets<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3927\" data-end=\"3946\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3929\" data-end=\"3946\">Battery storage<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3947\" data-end=\"3962\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3949\" data-end=\"3962\">EV charging<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"3963\" data-end=\"3979\">\r\n<p data-start=\"3965\" data-end=\"3979\">Solar DC buses<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"3981\" data-end=\"4095\">\u2026require SPDs designed specifically for continuous direct voltage, which lacks zero crossing and can sustain arcs.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4097\" data-end=\"4105\">DC SPDs:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4143\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4108\" data-end=\"4143\">Typically use high-voltage MOVs<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4144\" data-end=\"4208\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4208\">Must handle high steady-state DC voltage without overheating<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4209\" data-end=\"4270\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4211\" data-end=\"4270\">Installed at DC panels, inverter inputs, or battery banks<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4271\" data-end=\"4332\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4273\" data-end=\"4332\">Help avoid system downtime due to surges or switching noise<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"4339\" data-end=\"4387\"><strong data-start=\"4343\" data-end=\"4387\">3. Photovoltaic (PV) System Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"4389\" data-end=\"4540\">PV systems involve high DC voltages (up to 1500 VDC), large array surfaces, and frequent exposure to lightning surges due to rooftop or field mounting.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"4542\" data-end=\"4576\">PV-specific SPDs must comply with:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4577\" data-end=\"4597\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4597\"><a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/en\/publication\/26931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4595\">IEC 61643-31<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4598\" data-end=\"4615\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.standards.iteh.ai\/samples\/22527\/5b6a4f03275341d2bd18880b7a0877e7\/SIST-EN-50539-11-2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4615\">EN 50539-11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4617\" data-end=\"4638\">They are deployed at:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4639\" data-end=\"4685\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4685\"><strong data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4652\">DC side<\/strong>: Between the PV array and the inverter<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4686\" data-end=\"4740\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4740\"><strong data-start=\"4688\" data-end=\"4706\">Inverter input<\/strong>: For internal DC bus protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4741\" data-end=\"4791\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4791\"><strong data-start=\"4743\" data-end=\"4754\">AC side<\/strong>: Between the inverter and the grid interface<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4793\" data-end=\"4814\">Requirements include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4815\" data-end=\"4837\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4817\" data-end=\"4837\">High MCOV (Uc)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4838\" data-end=\"4871\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4840\" data-end=\"4871\">Low protection level (Up)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4872\" data-end=\"4891\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4874\" data-end=\"4891\">Long surge life<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"4892\" data-end=\"4942\">\r\n<p data-start=\"4894\" data-end=\"4942\">Weather and UV resistance (for outdoor DC boxes)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"4944\" data-end=\"5038\">Well-placed PV SPDs reduce equipment replacement costs and improve system reliability and ROI.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5045\" data-end=\"5094\"><strong data-start=\"5048\" data-end=\"5094\">Understanding Iimp vs. Imax in SPD Ratings<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5096\" data-end=\"5136\"><strong data-start=\"5100\" data-end=\"5136\">Impulse Discharge Current (Iimp)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5138\" data-end=\"5174\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5140\" data-end=\"5174\">Characteristic of Type 1 SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5216\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5177\" data-end=\"5216\">Simulates a direct lightning strike<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5217\" data-end=\"5255\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5219\" data-end=\"5255\">Tested with 10\/350 \u00b5s waveform<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5256\" data-end=\"5325\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5258\" data-end=\"5325\">Represents the SPD\u2019s capacity to handle a single extreme surge<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5326\" data-end=\"5403\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5328\" data-end=\"5403\">Suitable for building entry points or lightning arrestors downstream<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 data-start=\"5405\" data-end=\"5445\"><strong data-start=\"5409\" data-end=\"5445\">Maximum Discharge Current (Imax)<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5483\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5449\" data-end=\"5483\">Characteristic of Type 2 SPD<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5484\" data-end=\"5567\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5486\" data-end=\"5567\">Simulates multiple lower-energy surges from switching or indirect lightning<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5568\" data-end=\"5604\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5570\" data-end=\"5604\">Tested with 8\/20 \u00b5s waveform<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5605\" data-end=\"5643\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5607\" data-end=\"5643\">Reflects long-term surge endurance<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5644\" data-end=\"5717\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5646\" data-end=\"5717\">Suitable for distribution boards and equipment-level protection<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"5719\" data-end=\"5737\"><strong data-start=\"5722\" data-end=\"5736\">In summary<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5738\" data-end=\"5796\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5796\"><strong data-start=\"5740\" data-end=\"5748\">Iimp<\/strong> = Peak endurance for rare, high-energy events<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"5797\" data-end=\"5943\">\r\n<p data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5943\"><strong data-start=\"5799\" data-end=\"5807\">Imax<\/strong> = Repetitive endurance for frequent lower-energy transients<br data-start=\"5867\" data-end=\"5870\" \/>Both are essential in building a multi-level SPD protection strategy.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 data-start=\"5950\" data-end=\"5967\"><strong data-start=\"5953\" data-end=\"5967\">Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p data-start=\"5969\" data-end=\"6277\">Surge protective devices are essential for modern power systems, ensuring equipment safety and power continuity. Their classification into Type 1, 2, and 3, along with the understanding of technical parameters like Uc, Up, Iimp, and Imax, is vital for proper selection and implementation.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6279\" data-end=\"6457\">Whether protecting AC systems, DC automation, or solar PV, selecting the right SPD with suitable ratings helps reduce damage, lower O&amp;M costs, and extend system life.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"6459\" data-end=\"6579\">A well-engineered SPD plan is a small investment that protects your large-scale infrastructure from irreversible damage.<\/p>"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/784","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/785"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=784"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}