{"id":844,"date":"2023-12-18T15:08:31","date_gmt":"2023-12-18T07:08:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=844"},"modified":"2024-09-05T16:32:04","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T08:32:04","slug":"lightning-protection-of-low-voltage-power-distribution-system-in-buildings","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/de\/blog\/lightning-protection-of-low-voltage-power-distribution-system-in-buildings\/","title":{"rendered":"Blitzschutz von Niederspannungs-Stromverteilungssystemen in Geb\u00e4uden"},"content":{"rendered":"Zu Blitzkatastrophen z\u00e4hlen haupts\u00e4chlich direkte Blitzeinschl\u00e4ge, elektrostatische Blitzinduktion und elektromagnetische Blitzimpulse.\r\n\r\n<strong>Direkter Blitzeinschlag<\/strong>\r\n\r\nUnter einem direkten Blitzeinschlag versteht man das physikalische Ph\u00e4nomen, dass sich die Gewitterwolke direkt auf den Boden entl\u00e4dt. Wenn der Blitz direkt in den Boden einschl\u00e4gt, entsteht am Ort des Blitzeinschlags ein gro\u00dfer Momentanstrom. Wenn der Blitzstrom nicht rechtzeitig freigesetzt werden kann, erzeugt das vom Blitz getroffene Objekt sofort gro\u00dfe Hitze, wodurch sich das Objekt ausdehnt, schmilzt, brennt, explodiert und andere Sch\u00e4den verursacht. Typischerweise m\u00fcssen Geb\u00e4ude die Gefahren ber\u00fccksichtigendirekte Blitzeinschl\u00e4ge.\r\n\r\n<strong>Elektrostatische Blitzinduktion<\/strong>\r\n\r\nBlitzinduktion bedeutet, dass, wenn eine geladene Gewitterwolke am Himmel erscheint, Metallleitungen, Metallgegenst\u00e4nde usw. unter der Gewitterwolke durch elektrostatische Induktion eine elektrische Ladung annehmen, die der einer Gewitterwolke entgegengesetzt ist. Bei einem Blitzeinschlag verschwindet die Ladung der Gewitterwolke durch den Blitzeinschlag schnell. Die induzierte Ladung auf der Metallleitung breitet sich entlang der Leitung aus und verursacht eine vor\u00fcbergehende \u00dcberspannung am Leitungsanschluss des Ger\u00e4ts. Wenn die Ladung auf dem Metallgegenstand induziert wirdnicht mit der Zeit verschwinden kann, kommt es zu einer externen Entladung, die einen Funken bildet.\r\n\r\n<strong>Elektromagnetischer Blitzimpuls<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLightning electromagnetic pulse refers to the instantaneous formation of a lightning electromagnetic field in the area where the lightning strike occurs due to the extremely large peak value and speed of the lightning current. Under the action of the changing lightning electromagnetic field, metal lines in the area induce instantaneous lightning current. If the lightning current penetrates into the power supply line and communication line, transient overvoltage may occur on the device\u2019s line port.\r\n\r\nLightning protection of low-voltage power distribution system is to prevent the low-voltage power distribution system from introducing lightning current from lines outside the building.\r\n\r\n<strong>Grundlegende Blitzschutzma\u00dfnahmen<\/strong>\r\n\r\nF\u00fcr Niederspannungs-Stromverteilungssysteme sind die am h\u00e4ufigsten verwendeten Ableitermodelle und Parameter wie folgt:\r\n\r\n<strong>Dreiphasen-SPD der Klasse I (f\u00fcr TN-S-System)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 4P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Dreiphasen-SPD der Klasse I (f\u00fcr TN-C-System)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 3P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Dreiphasen-SPD der Klasse I (f\u00fcr TT-System)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 3P+NPE\r\n\r\nMax. Continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25Ka\/50kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA\/50kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Dreiphasen-SPD der Klasse II (f\u00fcr TN-S- oder TN-C-S-Systeme)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-40 4P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 20kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 40kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the sub-power distribution box, as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Dreiphasen-SPD der Klasse II (f\u00fcr TT-System)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-40 3P+NPE\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 20kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 40kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the sub-power distribution box, as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Der Blitzschutz des Niederspannungs-Stromverteilungssystems ist wie folgt:<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe main power distribution cabinet of the building is installed with a Class I power SPD as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nThe secondary power distribution cabinet (box) of the building is installed with a Class II power SPD as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nThe tertiary power distribution cabinet (box) of the building is installed with a Class II power SPD as the third-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nFor important equipment ports, install Class III power SPD as terminal-level lightning protection for power lines.","protected":false},"featured_media":845,"parent":0,"menu_order":155,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"blog_category":[8],"class_list":["post-844","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_category-company-news"],"acf":{"des":"Lightning disasters mainly include direct lightning strikes, lightning electrostatic induction, and lightning electromagnetic pulses.","txt":"Lightning disasters mainly include direct lightning strikes, lightning electrostatic induction, and lightning electromagnetic pulses.\r\n\r\n<strong>Direct lightning strike<\/strong>\r\n\r\nDirect lightning strike refers to the physical phenomenon that the thundercloud discharges directly to the ground. If the ground is directly struck by lightning, a large instantaneous current will be generated at the location of the lightning strike. If the lightning current cannot be released in time, the object struck by the lightning will generate a lot of heat instantly, causing the object to expand, melt, burn, explode and other damage. Typically, buildings must consider the hazards of direct lightning strikes.\r\n\r\n<strong>Lightning electrostatic induction<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLightning induction means that when a charged thundercloud appears in the sky, metal lines, metal objects, etc. under the thundercloud to take on an electric charge opposite to that of a thundercloud by electrostatic induction. When a lightning strike occurs, the thundercloud charge quickly disappears through the lightning strike. The induced charge on the metal line propagates along the line, causing transient overvoltage at the line port of the device. If the induced charge on the metal object cannot disappear in time, there will be an external discharge phenomenon, which will form a spark.\r\n\r\n<strong>Lightning electromagnetic pulse<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLightning electromagnetic pulse refers to the instantaneous formation of a lightning electromagnetic field in the area where the lightning strike occurs due to the extremely large peak value and speed of the lightning current. Under the action of the changing lightning electromagnetic field, metal lines in the area induce instantaneous lightning current. If the lightning current penetrates into the power supply line and communication line, transient overvoltage may occur on the device\u2019s line port.\r\n\r\nLightning protection of low-voltage power distribution system is to prevent the low-voltage power distribution system from introducing lightning current from lines outside the building.\r\n\r\n<strong>Basic lightning protection measures<\/strong>\r\n\r\nFor low-voltage power distribution systems, the commonly used arrester models and parameters are as follows:\r\n\r\n<strong>Class I three-phase power SPD (for TN-S system)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 4P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Class I three-phase power SPD (for TN-C system)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 3P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Class I three-phase power SPD (for TT system)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-25GR 3P+NPE\r\n\r\nMax. Continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nLightning impulse current: 25Ka\/50kA (10\/350\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 25kA\/50kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 100kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the main power distribution cabinet, as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Class II three-phase power SPD (for TN-S or TN-C-S systems)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-40 4P\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 20kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 40kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the sub-power distribution box, as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>Class II three-phase power SPD (for TT system)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nModel: BR-40 3P+NPE\r\n\r\nMax. continuous operating voltage: 275V~\r\n\r\nNominal discharge current: 20kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMax. discharge current: 40kA (8\/20\u03bcs)\r\n\r\nMain function: installed in the sub-power distribution box, as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\n<strong>The lightning protection of the low-voltage power distribution system is as follows:<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe main power distribution cabinet of the building is installed with a Class I power SPD as the first-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nThe secondary power distribution cabinet (box) of the building is installed with a Class II power SPD as the second-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nThe tertiary power distribution cabinet (box) of the building is installed with a Class II power SPD as the third-level lightning protection of the power line.\r\n\r\nFor important equipment ports, install Class III power SPD as terminal-level lightning protection for power lines."},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/844","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/845"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=844"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.britecelectric.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_category?post=844"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}